基于网络药理学和分子对接的高根二醇抗溃疡性结肠炎的作用机制研究

运用网络药理学研究方法,对高根二醇作用潜在靶点与机制进行整合与分析,探究高根二醇抗溃疡性结肠炎(UC)作用机制。利用PharmMapper、uniprot对筛选出高根二醇的224个作用靶点,利用OMIM、Genecards数据库检索并筛选出608个疾病作用靶点,整合筛选出高根二醇和溃疡性结肠炎的共同靶点48个。使用Cytoscape 3.7.2软件,构建"成分-靶点-疾病"网络图,再利用STRING、Cytoscape构建PPI网络,筛选出核心靶点,并进行关键靶基因GO与KEGG功能富集分析。根据网络药理学预测的靶点,选择EFGR、IGF1及IL2进行分子对接。本实验初步揭示出高根二醇可能通过抑制炎症反应、调节免疫功能的途径治疗UC。

刘旭红:公立医院管办不分是药价虚高根源

药价虚高的深层原因行内人是清楚的。其中，公立医院“管办不分”是其弊端的根源。在现行体制下，公立医疗机构的市场占有（技术、资源）率使它成为买方市场，而绝对的医疗信息不对称。

高根华德体育场,乌德勒支,荷兰

原有的高根华德体育场建于1981年,是乌德勒支足球赛的主场.1998年管理部门认为老球场已不再满足一个足球场的现代需求--球场明显过小,为公众提供的服务设施标准也低了许多.于是做出改善体育场设施的新计划,并分期实施.看台进行了扩大.座位从11000:1:曾加到24000.且所有的座位被新的罩篷遮蔽.原有体育场四边的商业建筑被拆除,取而代之的是30 000 m2的商业空间,与体育场一起整合为一个新的综合体.

悼念高根五教授

高根五教授生于1934年，沈阳人，中共党员，因病医治无效于2008年3月9日不幸逝世．享年75岁。高教授1956年毕业于上海第二医学院。同年分配至上海医学院附属中山医院系统外科工作。于1958年因建立重庆医学院（现重庆医科大学）调该校，先后在其附属第一、第二医院普外科工作。

柞树枝化学成分研究

干燥的柞树枝用无水乙醇浸泡提取,浸出液减压浓缩依次用正己烷、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇萃取,制得正己烷、乙酸乙酯和正丁醇提取物。乙酸乙酯提取物通过硅胶柱色谱、高压液相色谱等方法分离得到7个化合物。依据理化性质和波谱数据分析鉴定它们的结构分别为:(-)-开环异落叶松树脂酚(1)、(-)-表松脂醇(2)、β-谷甾醇葡萄糖苷(3)、(-)-表儿茶素(4)、β-谷甾醇(5)、水杨酸(6)和高根二醇(7)。化合物1、2、4、6和7为首次从该植物中分离得到。

中药降压的研究进展

重点综述了数种降压中草药的来源、降压成分、降压机制 ;介绍了几种降压化合物及复方 ;总结了当前中药应用于高血压治疗的概况 ,指出中药降压有自己的优势 ,应进一步加强降压中药的研制。

Effect of MnO_4^- and silver content on electrochemical behaviour of Pb-Ag alloy anodes during potential decay periods

The effect of MnO4- and silver content on electrochemical behaviour of five commercial Pb-Ag alloy anodes was studied in acid zinc sulphate electrolyte with and without MnO4- ions at 38 °C during potential decay periods. When the anodes were immersed into acid zinc sulphate electrolyte without MnO4- ions, the Pb-0.72%Ag anode entered complete passivation state in the shortest time among the five anodes, followed by anodes Pb-0.67%Ag, Pb-0.60%Ag, Pb-0.58%Ag and Pb-0.29%Ag-0.1%Ca by measurement of open circuit potential. During immersion of the anodes, MnO4 ions accelerated the passivation and increased the corrosion current density of the anodes. After immersion in zinc electrolyte with MnO4-, the anode Pb-0.72%Ag had the best corrosion resistance, followed by anodes Pb-0.67%Ag, Pb-0.60%Ag, then the close anodes Pb-0.58%Ag and Pb-0.29%Ag-0.1%Ca by the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy （EIS） analysis.

Effects of Atrazine Stress on the Growth of Pennisetum hydridum

[Objective] This study was to investigate the effect of atrazine stress on the growth of Pennisetum hydridum. [Method] Pot experiments were conducted to study the effects of atrazine stress （20, 50, 100, 200, 500 mg/kg） on plant height, biomass, root-shoot ratio and chlorophyll content of P. hydridum. [Results] Low level of atrazine stress （20 and 50 mg/kg） showed no significant effects on plant height and biomass of P. hydridum. Moderate level of atrazine stress （100 and 200 mg/kg） did not show significant effect on plant height, but did on the biomass of P. hydridum. Biomass of P. hydridum stressed by 100 and 200 mg/kg of atrazine was decreased by 34.1% and 36.4% compared with control, respectively. High level of atrazine stress （500 mg/kg） brought significant decrease in plant height（by 40.6%） and biomass（20.0%） of P. hydridum. All levels of atrazine stress showed no significant effects on root-shoot ratio and chlorophyll content of P. hydridum. [Conclusion] Pennisetum hydridum has strong tolerance to atrazine stress.

Developmental Regulation and Biological Functions of Root Border Cells in Higher Plants

Root border cells, previously referred to as sloughed root cap cells, is a special cell population which separates in large numbers from the periphery of the root cap and accumulates in the root tip. Recent evidence reveals that border cells, whose development is regulated by endogenous and exogenous signals, are biologically viable in the majority of higher plant species. As soon as border cells detach from root cap periphery, their metabolic activity dramatically increases in accordance with a differential gene expression from that in root cap cells. Recently, PsUGT1 and RCPME1, relevant to the early and late stage of border cell development, respectively, have been cloned and functionally identified. Border cells can synthesize specially and export a diverse array of chemicals including anthocyanins, antibiotics, special enzymes and other substances, that either inhibit or promote the growth of other entities in rhizosphere such as bacteria, fungi, viruses, and nematodes, and also antagonize some toxic chemicals around the root tip in soil such as aluminum toxicity. Therefore, there are multiple biological roles played by border cells during plant growth and development.

Impacts of Primo MAXX Growth Regulator on the Growth of Bermuda Grass

[Objective] The aim was to investigate the effects of Primo MAXX growth regulator on growth of Bermuda grass,explore appropriate application concentration of Primo MAXX on Bermuda grass,and provide basis for the application of Primo MAXX in Bermuda meadow.[Method]The height,leaf colour and the aerial part＇s fresh weight of Bermuda grass treated with different concentrations were researched using single factor random block test.[Result]Primo MAXX application effectively reduced the height in all treatment without significant difference;appropriate application of Primo MAXX can enrich the color;and 35 days after application,Bermuda grass roots were become thicker.[Conclusion]The application of Primo MAXX with effective dose of 150-300 g/hm2 on Bermuda grass in southern China is more appropriate.

Ultrastructural Studies on the Sieve Elements in Root Protophleom of Arabidopsis thaliana

The ultrastructures of the root protophleom sieve element at different developmental stages of Arabidopsis thaliana L. were investigated using the technique of high pressure freezing and freeze substitution fixing specimen. The results show that in the development of the sieve elements, the nuclei undergo typical characteristics of the programmed cell death (PCD): the nuclear envelopes form emboli, the chromatin condenses and aggregates towards the nuclear envelope, which degrades and fully disappears later. Before the nucleus degradation, neither the nuclear envelope undulation, nucleus lobe nor marked dilation (or bleb) of perinuclear space could be observed. In the cytoplasm of the mature sieve element, there are starch-like granules separately sheathed with a layer of membrane and usually with mitochondria around. These gnanules seem to provide substrates to mitochondria in their function. Small vacuoles originate from endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and no bigger vacuole was found.

Disruption of nifA Gene Influences Multiple Cellular Processes in Sinorhizobium meliloti

Sinorhizobium meliloti nifA is important in fixing nitrogen during symbiosis. A nifA null mutant induces small white invalid nodules in the roots of host plant. The additional phenotypic alterations associated with the disruption of the nifA gene are reported in this study. Under a free-living state, S. meliloti nifA mutant reduces its ability to swarm on a half-solid plate. Interestingly, the AHL （Acylhomoserine lactones） contents in the nifA mutant are lower than that of the wild type during the lag phase, whereas it is reversed in the logarithmic and stationary phases. Quantitative spectrophotometric assays reveal that the total amount of extracellular proteins of the nifA mutant are lower than that of the wild type. In addition, the mutant abolishes its nodulation competitive ability during symbiosis. These findings indicate that NifA plays a regulatory role in multiple cellular processes in S. meliloti.

Adsorption of Chloride, Nitrate and Perchlorate by Variable Charge Soils

Two cells consisting of a chloride-selective electrode and a nitrate-selective electrode or of a chloride-selective electrode and a perchlorate-selective electrode were directly put in the soil suspension to determine the concentration ratios Cl-/ NO3- or Cl-/ ClO4- for studying the adsorption of the three anions by variable charge soils. It was found that all the concentration ratios CCl- / CNO3- and CCl- / CClO4- in suspension were smaller than unity when soil samples were in equilibrium with mixed KCl and KNO3 or KCl and KClO4 solutions of equal concentration. The order of the amount of chloride, nitrate and perchlorate adsorbed by variable charge soils was Cl-> NO3-> ClO4- when the soils adsorbed these anions from the solution containing equal concentrations of Cl-, NO3- and ClO4-. Such factors as the pH of the suspension, the iron oxide content of the soil etc. could affect the amounts and the ratios of anions adsorbed. The adsorption was chiefly caused by coulombic attraction, but a covalent force between the anion and the metal atom on the surface of soil particles may also be involved, at least for Cl- ions, even for NO3- ions.

Influence of Different Root Temperature Treatment on Microstructure of Tomato Leaves

Following the study on effects of different root temperature treatments on growth and stomata of tomato plants under high temperature in summer, the influence of different root temperature treatments on microstructure of tomato leaves was studied in depth in this paper. The tomato plants were cultured with circulating nutrient solutions. Under three different root temperature treatments [（23±1）, （28±1）, （33±1）℃], the microstructure of tomato leaves were observed and measured with paraffin section method. The results showed that with the increase of root temperature, the thickness, palisade tissue thickness, spongy tissue thickness of tomato leaves all decreased, but the epidermis thickness and palisade tissue thickness to spongy tissue thickness ratio increased. Therefore, increased root temperature led to drought stress to tomato plants, and in order to adapt to the hot and drought environment, tomato plants changed their structural characteristics.

Adsorption of Cadmium by Soil Colloids and Minerals in Presence of Rhizobia

Experiments were conducted to study the adsorption of Cd on two soil colloids (red soil and yellow- brown soil) and three variable-charge minerals (goethite, noncrystalline Fe oxide and kaolin) in the absence and presence of rhizobia. The tested strain Rhizobium fredii C6, tolerant to 0.8 mmol L-1 Cd, was selected from 30 rhizobial strains. Results showed that the isotherms for the adsorption of Cd by examined soil colloids and minerals in the presence of rhizobia could be described by Langmuir equation. Within the range of the numbers of rhizobial cells studied, the amount of Cd adsorbed by each system increased with increasing rhizobial cells. Greater increases for the adsorption of Cd were found in red soil and kaolin systems. Rhizobia influence on the adsorption of Cd by examined soil colloids and minerals was different from that on the adsorption of Cu. The presence of rhizobia increased the adsorption sanity of soil colloids and minerals for Cd, particularly for the goethite and kaolin systems. The discrepancies in the influence of rhizobia on the adsorbability and affinity of selected soil colloids and minerals for Cd suggested the different interactions of rhizobia with various soil components. It is assumed that bacterial biomass plays an important role in controlling the mobility and bioavailability of Cd in soils with kaolinite and goethite as the major colloidal components, such as in variable-charge soil.

Estimating van Genuchten Model Parameters of Undisturbed Soils Using an Integral Method

The van Genuchten model is the most widely used soil water retention curve （SWRC） model. Two undisturbed soils （clay and loam） were used to evaluate the accuracy of the integral method to estimate van Genuchten model parameters and to determine SWRCs of undisturbed soils. SWRCs calculated by the integral method were compared with those measured by a high speed centrifuge technique. The accuracy of the calculated results was evaluated graphically, as well as by root mean square error （RMSE）, normalized root mean square error （NRMSE） and Willmott＇s index of agreement （1）. The results obtained from the integral method were quite similar to those by the centrifuge technique. The RMSEs （4.61 ×10^-5 for Eum-Orthic Anthrosol and 2.74 × 10^-4 for Los-Orthic Entisol） and NRMSEs （1.56 × 10^-4 for Eum- Orthic Anthrosol and 1.45 ×10^-3 for Los-Orthic Entisol） were relatively small. The 1 values were 0.973 and 0.943 for Eum-Orthic Anthrosol and Los-Orthic Entisol, respectively, indicating a good agreement between the integral method values and the centrifuge values. Therefore, the integral method could be used to estimate SWRCs of undisturbed clay and loam soils.

Robust SLAM using square-root cubature Kalman filter and Huber's GM-estimator

Mobile robot systems performing simultaneous localization and mapping(SLAM) are generally plagued by non-Gaussian noise.To improve both accuracy and robustness under non-Gaussian measurement noise,a robust SLAM algorithm is proposed.It is based on the square-root cubature Kalman filter equipped with a Huber' s generalized maximum likelihood estimator(GM-estimator).In particular,the square-root cubature rule is applied to propagate the robot state vector and covariance matrix in the time update,the measurement update and the new landmark initialization stages of the SLAM.Moreover,gain weight matrices with respect to the measurement residuals are calculated by utilizing Huber' s technique in the measurement update step.The measurement outliers are suppressed by lower Kalman gains as merging into the system.The proposed algorithm can achieve better performance under the condition of non-Gaussian measurement noise in comparison with benchmark algorithms.The simulation results demonstrate the advantages of the proposed SLAM algorithm.

Mental health is as important as physical health: The degree and influencing factors of self-perceived burden in elderly patients with essential hypertension

Objective: The purpose of the study is to investigate the degree and influencing factors of self-perceived burden in elderly patients with essential hypertension in China's Mainland. Methods:The study used the cross-sectional investigation method and the patients were recruited from six tertiary hospitals in Chengdu, China. A convenience sample of 451 elderly patients with essential hypertension was included in this study. Multiple linear regression analysis was performed as well. Results: Results showed that the score of elderly essential hypertension patients’self-perceived burden was 27.96 ± 6.04, which was at medium degree. According to Spearman's r test the anxiety, depression and medication compliance with Self-perceived burden (SPB) of elderly hypertension patients were statistically significant (r=0.372, 0.899,0.438,P=0.000,respectively). Single factor analysis showed that the difference of patients’ gender, place of residence, monthly per capita income, marital status, whether can afford medical expenses and number of complications in SPB scores was statistically significant (P<0.05). Multiple regression analysis also showed that anxiety, medication compliance, age and marital status were the main influencing factor of SPB of elderly hypertension patients (P<0.05). Conclusion: Our care workers should pay attention to the self-perceived burden of elderly patients with essential hypertension, and omnibearing, systematic nursing should be supplied to decrease the self-perceived burden of them.

Drought weakens the positive effect of plant diversity on community biomass

Drought can greatly impact the biodiversity of an ecosystem and play a crucial role in regulating its functioning.However,the specific mechanisms by which drought mediate the biodiversity effect(BE)on community biomass in above-and belowground through functional traits remain poorly understood.Here,we conducted a common garden experiment in a greenhouse,which included two plant species richness levels and two water addition levels,to analyze the effects of biodiversity on aboveground biomass(AGB),belowground biomass(BGB)and total biomass(TB),and to quantify the relationship between BEs and functional traits under drought conditions.Our analysis focused on partitioning BEs into above-and belowground complementarity effect(CE)and selection effect(SE)at the species level,which allowed us to better understand the impacts of biodiversity on community biomass and the underlying mechanisms.Our results showed that plant species richness stimulated AGB,BGB and TB through CEs.Drought decreased AGB,BGB and TB,simultaneously.In addition,the aboveground CE was positively associated with the variation in plant height.SEs in above-and belowground were negatively correlated with the community mean plant height and root length,respectively.Furthermore,drought weakened the aboveground CE by decreasing variation in plant height,resulting in a reduction in AGB and TB.Our findings demonstrate that the complementarity of species is an important regulator of community biomass in above-and belowground,the dynamics of biomass under environmental stress are associated with the response of sensitive compartments.

白背叶根化学成分研究

目的研究白背叶Mallotus apelta根的化学成分。方法通过各种柱色谱进行分离纯化,根据理化性质和波谱数据进行结构鉴定。结果分离得到了9个化合物,分别鉴定为β-香树脂醇乙酸酯(1)、高根二醇(2)、羽扇豆-20(29)-烯-3β,30-二醇(3)、对羟基苯甲酸-2α-羟基油桐酸酯(4)、α-香树脂醇乙酸酯(5)、油桐酸(6)、槲皮素(7)、3-甲氧基-4-O-β-D-葡萄糖基苯甲酸(8)、勾儿茶素(9)。结论化合物1～4、6、8、9为首次从野桐属植物中分离得到。