强壮的基础

这16个基本训练、营养和营养补剂准则,将帮助你在最短的时间内打造出健美的体格。不论你是第一次拿起杠铃,还是正在备战奥林匹亚先生赛,都有一些经过实践检验的训练、营养,以及营养补剂的准则需要遵守。原因很简单,因为它们的确有效。在全球健美界,数十年来,无数的训练者,进行了数不清的尝试,你甚至可以把健美界称为世界上最大的实验室。以下就是从这个实验室中得出来的结论。这些东西,可以帮助你在最短的时间内,打造出理想的体格。

Optimization and Quality Characters of Protein Enriched Pasta

The response surface methodology （Box-behnken design） was acknowledged for the production of optimized protein enriched pasta. Studied responses （protein, overall acceptability, hue angle and hardness） resulted to high protein pasta. The optima were at 12.5%,5 mung bean, 10% whey protein concentrate and 6% egg albumen in combination. Best combination of protein source and their respective level for high protein pasta on the quality evaluation basis were mung bean （15%） ＋ whey protein concentrate （10%）; mung bean （15%） ＋ egg albumen （6%）; mung bean （15%） ＋ whey protein concentrate （10%） ＋ egg albumen （6%）. Hue angle and Hardness remained within acceptable range. Model adequacy was supported with lack of fit test. Enriched protein pasta had excellent cooking and sensory quality during storage period of 4 months. ERH value ranged from 34-36 per cent had supported the results. Rheological properties and good storage behaviour （4 months） had also enhanced the quality of optimized protein enriched pasta. Enriched pasta was rated excellent by 70 per cent of the consumers in mass acceptability trials.

杂烩

1.失眠将增加患乳腺癌的风险据调查,10个失眠的都市人中,就有7名是女性。为什么女性更易失眠?专家说,这与女性的生理特性有关,尤其是在怀孕期和更年期。

Baicalin attenuates high fat diet-induced insulin resistance and ectopic fat storage in skeletal muscle,through modulating the protein kinase B/Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta pathway

Insulin resistance is the pathophysiological basis of many diseases.Overcoming early insulin resistance highly significant in prevention diabetes,non-alcoholic fatty liver,and atherosclerosis.The present study aimed at evaluating the therapeutic effects of baicalin on insulin resistance and skeletal muscle ectopic fat storage in high fat diet-induced mice,and exploring the potential molecular mechanisms.Insulin resistance in mice was induced with a high fat diet for 16 weeks.Animals were then treated with three different doses of baicalin(100,200,and 400 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1)for 14 weeks.Fasting blood glucose,fasting serum insulin,glucose tolerance test(GTT),insulin tolerance test(ITT),and skeletal muscle lipid deposition were measured.Additionally,the AMP-activated protein kinase/acetyl-CoA carboxylase and protein kinase B/Glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta pathways in skeletal muscle were further evaluated.Baicalin significantly reduced the levels of fasting blood glucose and fasting serum insulin and attenuated high fat diet induced glucose tolerance and insulin tolerance.Moreover,insulin resistance was significantly reversed.Pathological analysis revealed baicalin dose-dependently decreased the degree of the ectopic fat storage in skeletal muscle.The properties of baicalin were mediated,at least in part,by inhibition of the AMPK/ACC pathway,a key regulator of de novo lipogenesis and activation of the Akt/GSK-3β pathway,a key regulator of Glycogen synthesis.These data suggest that baicalin,at dose up to 400 mg·kg^(-1)·d^(-1),is safe and able to attenuate insulin resistance and skeletal muscle ectopic fat storage,through modulating the skeletal muscle AMPK/ACC pathway and Akt/GSK-3β pathway.

Intermittent protein restriction protects isletβcells and improves glucose homeostasis in diabetic mice

Diabetes is caused by the interplay between genetics and environmental factors, tightly linked to lifestyle and dietary patterns. In this study, we explored the effectiveness of intermittent protein restriction(IPR)in diabetes control. IPR drastically reduced hyperglycemia in both streptozotocin-treated and leptin receptor-deficient db/db mouse models. IPR improved the number, proliferation, and function of β cells in pancreatic islets. IPR reduced glucose production in the liver and elevated insulin signaling in the skeletal muscle. IPR elevated serum level of FGF21, and deletion of the Fgf21 gene in the liver abrogated the hypoglycemic effect of IPR without affecting β cells. IPR caused less lipid accumulation and damage in the liver than that caused by continuous protein restriction in streptozotocin-treated mice. Single-cell RNA sequencing using mouse islets revealed that IPR reversed diabetes-associated β cell reduction and immune cell accumulation. As IPR is not based on calorie restriction and is highly effective in glycemic control and β cell protection, it has promising translational potential in the future.