不同气候区典型城市室内辐射空调高透膜防结露特性

辐射供冷空调系统具有节能和舒适的优点,但结露问题限制其应用推广。在冷板外加红外高透膜,可以在升高红外高透膜与室内空气接触面温度的同时,保证空调系统的辐射制冷量,达到降低辐射空调结露的风险。构建了红外透射膜辐射制冷的传热模型,计算了高透膜红外透过率对露点温度及辐射冷量的影响,预测了不同气候区典型城市自然通风防结露的最小透过率及相应最大制冷量,从而评估不同气候区辐射制冷利用红外透射膜的潜力,最后评估了高透膜红外透过率对人体热舒适性的影响。研究结果表明:建立的辐射热传递模型可以准确预测室内膜面传热过程;在保证辐射冷量的前提下,透射膜可以提高不凝水露点温度阈值4~17℃;不同城市要求的最小透过率不同,呼和浩特最低为0.4,重庆最高为0.95。红外透射膜可作为一种新型方法用于辐射空调冷源壁面的防结露,研究可为透射膜的设计及选择提供参考。

高潮气通透率贴膜在中心静脉导管护理中的应用

目的:评估高潮气通透率贴膜固定中心静脉导管在临床应用中的粘力、持久性及其性价比。方法:对103例留置中心静脉导管患者进行穿刺点清洁消毒后用高潮气通透率贴膜固定,每12 h对穿刺点观察贴膜下积液、过敏情况,每周对高潮气通透率、贴膜粘贴力等性能进行评估,并与使用半通透薄膜敷料进行比较。结果:高潮气通透率贴膜固定不同穿刺点的中心静脉导管无贴膜下积液、过敏现象发生;7项性能中有6项非常满意达85%以上;平均每日贴膜费用低于使用半通透薄膜敷料。结论:应用高潮气通透率贴膜对中心静脉导管进行固定具有更好的贴膜固定粘力及持久性,安全性好,便于使用和去除,便于观察局部穿刺点,可延长贴膜保留时间,减少更换次数,增加患者的舒适度。

高潮气通透率贴膜在中心静脉导管护理中的应用

目的:探讨高潮气通透率贴膜再中心静脉导管护理中的应用。方法:选取2015年2月到2016年2月期间被我院收治的留置中心静脉导管患者100例作为研究对象,其中男性患者46例,女性患者54例。对留置中心静脉导管患者穿刺点周围皮肤进行消毒处理,然后用高潮气通透率贴膜固定,每24小时观察一次,查看帖膜下皮肤是否出现了过敏和感染问题,每周更换,同时做好和半通透薄膜敷料的比较。结果:使用高潮气通透率贴膜对患者的中心留置导管进行固定穿刺点周围皮肤无过敏和感染现象出现,7项性能中有6项非常满意,同时相较于半通透贴膜敷料来说成本更低。结论:在固定中心静脉导管的过程中,使用高潮气通透率贴膜粘结力更好,效果更佳,便于观察和去除,还可以减少贴膜更换次数,提高患者的舒适度,极具临床推广价值。

分子筛改性LDPE活性包装膜在草莓保鲜中的应用研究

新鲜草莓易腐烂,贮藏保鲜较为困难。为了延长草莓的贮藏期,本研究采用硅铝分子筛对低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)进行改性,制备了具有高透气性的改性LDPE包装膜。以LDPE膜包装的草莓和裸放草莓为实验对照组,在(5±1)℃的低温和加乙烯吸附药包的条件下,分别研究了LDPE和改性LDPE包装膜对草莓储存期的影响。实验中分别测定了草莓果肉中可溶性固形物含量、维生素C含量以及草莓的失重率、硬度、烂果率等指标。实验结果表明:对照组中裸放和用LDPE膜包装的草莓储藏期分别为3天和7天,而分子筛改性LDPE膜加乙烯吸附剂包装能够将草莓的贮藏期延长至11天,草莓的好果率、硬度和可溶性固形物含量等均明显高于对照组。该分子筛改性LDPE膜加乙烯吸附剂的综合包装方案能够有效延长草莓的低温贮藏保鲜时间。

高透钻面玻璃在线连续镀膜技术研究

使用立式连续直线镀膜生产线,采用真空磁控溅射技术在玻璃表面设计并镀制了Nb2O5/Si O2/Nb2O5/Si O2/CNx多层纳米硬质增透薄膜,并研究其透过率、硬度及理化性能。结果表明:通过引入线性阳极层离子源,控制并形成新的磁控溅射镀膜工艺,钻面玻璃产品的表面硬度达994.8 HV,是普通玻璃的2倍以上;在可见光透过率≥94%,具有一定的增透效果;经过酸/碱/溶剂/热处理后的透过率衰减ΔT<0.1%,理化性能优良。

针织摇粒绒与梭织牛仔复合面料生产实践

针织摇粒绒面料和梭织牛仔面料是目前市场上比较受欢迎的两种面料,但这两种面料的防水透湿性较差。特定的水蒸气分子和空气能够通过气体的扩散和对流自由地通过高透PU膜,但水分子却不能通过,利用高透PU膜这一特点,将针织摇粒绒面料、高透PU膜、梭织牛仔面料3层结构通过环保热熔胶PU进行Softshell层压复合在一起,开发出集梭织牛仔面料和针织摇粒绒面料风格于一体的复合面料。经测试,该复合面料具有防水透湿功能,其静水压、透气量、透湿度、耐磨性、织物外观、生理舒适性等指标均能够满足市场对牛仔贴合摇粒绒复合面料的性能需求,具有良好的市场前景。

TREATMENT OF COMPLICATIONS DUE TO PERITONEAL DIALYSIS FOR CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE WITH TRADITIONAL CHINESE MEDICINE

In this paper,the experience in the treatment of complications due to continuousambulatory peritoneal dialysis for chronic renal failure with traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)is reported.Modified Renshen Yangrong Tang(Ginseng Nutrition Decoction)wasused for anorexia and hypoproteinemia;modified Xiangsha Liujunzi Tang(Decoction ofCyperus and Amomum with Six Noble Ingredients)for abdominal pain and distension;modified Da Chaihu Tang(Major Bupleurum Decoction)for peritonitis;modifiedShenling Baizhu San(Powder of Ginseng,Poria and Atractylodes)for diarrhea due toinsufficiency of the spleen with abundance of dampness;Lizhong Tang(Decoction forRegulating the Function of Middle-jiao)and modified Sishen Wan(Pills of FourMiraculous Drugs)for insufficiency of both the spleen and the kidney;Siwu Tang(Decoction of Four Ingredients)added with other drugs for cutaneous pruritus,andGuishao Sijunzi Tang(Decoction of Four Noble Drugs added with Chinese Angelica Rootand white Peony Root)for renal anemia.The therapeutic principles of invigorating theliver and kidney,strengthening the bones and muscles,and promoting blood circulation toeliminate blood stasis were adopted in the treatment of renal osteopathy,and thetherapeutic principles of invigorating the liver and kidney,expelling phlegm and resolvingdampness,and promoting blood circulation to eliminate blood stasis in the treatment ofhyperlipemia.Shen Tekang capsules(capsules for improving the renal function)wasadministered to patients for strengthening the viability and improving the nutrition state,and the recipe for treating renal function failure(both formulated by the authors)forimproving the renal function so as to decrease the frequency and duration of dialysis.

Antibacterial mechanism of high-mobility group nucleosomalbinding domain 2 on the Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli

Objective： To investigate the antibacterial mechanism of high-mobility group nucleosomal-binding domain 2 （HMGN2） on Escherichia coil K12, focusing on the antibacterial and antibiofilm formation effects. Its chemotactic activity on human neutrophils was also investigated. Methods： Human tissue-derived HMGN2 （tHMGN2） was extracted from fresh uterus fiber cystadenoma and purified by HPl100 reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography （RP-HPLC）. Recombinant human HMGN2 （rHMGN2） was generated in E. coil DE3 carrying PET-32a- c（＋）-HMGN2. Antibacterial activity of HMGN2 was determined using an agarose diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentration （MIC） of HMGN2 was determined by the microdilution broth method. Bacterial membrane permeability assay and DNA binding assay were performed. The antibiofilm effect of HMGN2 was investigated using a crystal violet assay and electron microscopy scanning. The activating effect and chemotactic activity of HMGN2 on neutrophils were determined using a nitroblue tetrazolium （NBT） reduction assay and Transwell chamber cell migra- tion assay, respectively. Results： HMGN2 showed a relatively high potency against Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and the MIC of HMGN2 was 16.25 μg/ml. Elevated bacterial membrane permeability was observed in HMGN2-treated E. coil K12. HMGN2 could also bind the bacterial plasmid and genomic DNA in a dose-dependent manner. The antibiofilm effect of HMGN2 on E. coil K12 was confirmed by crystal violet staining and scanning electron microscopy. However, the activating effects and chemotactic effects of HMGN2 on human neutrophils were not observed. Con- clusions： As an antimicrobial peptide （AMP）, HMGN2 possessed a good capacity for antibacterial and antibiofilm activities on E. coil K12. This capacity might be associated with disruption of the bacterial membrane and combination of DNA, which might affect the growth and viability of E. coil.

Influence of tribofilm on superlubricity of highly-hydrogenated amorphous carbon films in inert gaseous environments

In this study,we mainly focus on the structural morphology and inter-atomic bonding state of tribofilms resulting from a highly-hydrogenated amorphous carbon(a-C:H) film in order to ascertain the underlying mechanisms for its superlubric behavior(i.e.,less than 0.01 friction coefficient).Specifically,we achieved superlubricity(i.e.,friction coefficients of down to 0.003) with this film in dry nitrogen and argon atmospheres especially when the tribo-pair is made of an a-C:H coated Si disk sliding against an a-C:H coated steel ball,while the a-C:H coated disk against uncoated ball does not provide superlubricity.We also found that the state of superlubricity is more stable in argon than in nitrogen and the formation of a smooth and uniformly-thick carbonaceous tribofilm appears to be one of the key factors for the realization of such superlubricity.Besides,the interfacial morphology of sliding test pairs and the atomic-scale bond structure of the carbon-based tribofilms also play an important role in the observed superlubric behavior of a-C:H films.Using Raman spectroscopy and high resolution transmission electron microscopy,we have compared the structural differences of the tribofilms produced on bare and a-C:H coated steel balls.For the a-C:H coated ball as mating material which provided superlow friction in argon,structural morphology of the tribofilm was similar or comparable to that of the original a-C:H coating;while for the bare steel ball,the sp^2-bonded C fraction in the tribofilm increased and a fingerprint-like nanocrystalline structure was detected by high resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM).We also calculated the shear stresses for different tribofilms,and established a relationship between the magnitude of the shear stresses and the extent of sp^3-sp^2 phase transformation.

Highly conductive and robust composite anion exchange membranes by incorporating quaternized MIL-101(Cr)

With well-defined channels and tunable functionality, metal-organic frameworks （MOFs） have inspired the design of a new class of ion-conductive compounds. In contrast to the extensive studies on proton- conductive MOFs and related membranes attractive for fuel cells, rare reports focus on MOFs in preparation of anion exchange membranes. In this study, chloromethylated MIL-101 （Cr） was prepared and incor- porated into chloromethylated poly （ether ether ketone） （PEEK） as a multifunctional filler to prepare imidazolium PEEK/imidazolium MIL-101（Cr） （ImPEEK/ImMIL-101（Cr）） anion exchange membrane after synchronous quaternization. The successful synthesis and chloromethylation of MIL-101（Cr） were veri- fied by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy while the enhanced performance of composite membranes in hydroxide conductivity, mechanical strength and dimensional stability were evaluated by alternating-current impedance, electronic stretching machine and measurement of swelling ratio. Specifically, incorporating 5.0wt% ImMIL-101（Cr） afforded a 71.4% increase in hydroxide conductivity at 20℃, 100% RH. Besides, the composite membranes exhibited enhanced dimensional stability and mechanical strength due to the rigid framework of ImMIL- 101（Cr）. At room temperature and the ImM1L-101（Cr） content of 10wt%, the swelling ratio of the ImPEEK/lmMIL-101（Cr） was 70.04% lower while the tensile strength was 47.5% higher than that of the pure membrane.

Electrodeposition in organic system and properties of NiO electrochromic films

By electrodeposition in organic system,NiO films with reversible electrochromic property were fabricated.Fluorine-doped tin oxide glass slices were used as substrates,i.e.cathodes.Cyclic voltammetry and ultraviolet-visible transmission spectroscopy were adopted to study the electrochromic properties of the films.High resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM) was employed to analyze the composition and structure of the films.It is found that the films are composed of fine NiO crystal grains of a few nanometers in diameter,endowing them with large visible light transmittance variation,rapid switch rate(i.e.rapid response time) between the bleached and colored states.Their cycling durability reached 6000 cycles.