基于激光雷达与机载光电成像融合的高速轨道形变检测系统设计

高速轨道形变是指高速铁路轨道在运营过程中由于列车荷载、温度变化、地基沉降等因素而发生的变形现象,极大影响了高速铁路车辆的行驶安全性,为此,设计了基于激光雷达与机载光电成像融合的高速轨道形变检测系统;通过激光发射器、激光信号接收器的结构设计与组装,实现激光雷达成像模块的设计,从无人机、光电摄像机、云台等方面,完成对机载光电成像模块的设计,实现图像数据的融合处理;在硬件优化系统的支持下,生成高速轨道的激光雷达与机载光电图像,经过去噪、畸变校正、去雾等操作,完成对初始图像的预处理;采用加权融合的方式,得到激光雷达与机载光电融合图像,并提取融合图像的边缘特征,计算高速轨道位置坐标,通过坐标计算结果与轨道初始结构数据的比对,输出高速轨道形变的检测结果;实验结果表明:所设计系统的平均状态误检率为2.3%,形变量检测误差平均值为0.15 mm,具有良好的检测能力。

工业纯钛位错界面的高速形变响应

以工业纯钛为密排六方金属的模型材料。通过多道次冷轧工艺制备具有不同位错界面类型的工业纯钛板材。利用分离式霍普金森压杆(SHPB)实现高速形变,采用透射电子显微分析技术观察位错界面结构的变化,从而分析出不同类型位错界面的高速形变响应。结果表明:在应变速率为1000 s^(-1)时,初始位错界面成为高速形变过程中位错滑移的主要障碍。几何必须位错界面间距为0.5μm的板材冲击后会出现与原始界面交截的新生位错界面,初始几何必须位错界面(GNB)间距为0.3μm以下的工业纯钛在高速形变后会出现位错团结构;初始位错界面在0.1μm或以下,局部剪切的组织模式只是初始位错界面的扭折和位错塞积,在高度局域化的组织中,基体扭折位错界面并未产生,但有位错塞积和亚晶结构。

高速磁悬浮电机转子低频振动干扰观测与抑制研究

针对磁悬浮电机高速时由于低频振动导致转子失稳问题,利用改进型干扰观测器对磁悬浮电机转子在高速时的低频振动进行观测,进而在控制器中对其进行抑制。此改进型干扰观测器不仅能正确观测出磁悬浮转子高速时的低频振动,还能有效克服磁悬浮转子高速时形变带来的影响。以100kW磁悬浮电机为实验平台,对转子在24 000r/min时进行实验验证。实验表明,加入改进型干扰观测器的主动磁轴承系统相较于原系统,磁悬浮电机转子低频增益减小了20dB,转子的跳动量减小了36.8μm,控制精度提高了63.89%。结果表明:改进型干扰观测器的加入有效抑制了磁悬浮电机转子高速时的低频振动,提高了磁悬浮电机高速时的稳定性。

钢中铈及其碳化物对高温塑性的影响

应用高速形变机研究了钢中饰及其碳化物对高温塑性的影响.测试结果表明,在1173～1473K温度范围内,钢中固溶的铈和铈碳化合物均有利于提高钢的高温塑性.

Strain rate-dependent high temperature compressive deformation characteristics of ultrafine-grained pure aluminum produced by ECAP

To explore the effect of strain rate ε on the high temperature deformation characteristics of ultrafine-grained materials, the deformation and damage features as well as microstructures of ECAP-treated pure Al at different temperatures T and strain ratesε were systematically studied through compression tests and microscopic observations. The increase in ε eliminates strain softening at T≤473 K, and largely enhances the yield strength and flow stress at 473?573 K. The shear deformation dominates the plastic deformation of ECAP-treated Al. Many cracks along shear bands (SBs) are formed at T≥473 K and secondary SBs basically disappear at 1×10?3 s?1; however, at 1×10?2 s?1, cracks are only observed at temperature below 473 K, and secondary SBs become clearer at T≥473 K. The microstructures of ECAP-treated Al mainly consist of sub-grains (SGs). The increase in ε inhibits the SG growth, thus leading to the increases both in yield strength and flow stress at high temperatures.

Subtransus deformation mechanisms of TC11 titanium alloy with lamellar structure

Isothermal compression tests are applied to study the deformation mechanisms of TCll titanium alloy with lamellar structure under the deformation temperature range of 890-995 ℃ and strain rate range of 0.01-10 s^-1. According to the flow stress data obtained by compression tests, the deformation activations are calculated based on kinetics analysis of high temperature deformation, which are then used for deformation mechanism analysis combined with microstructure investigation. The results show that deformation mechanisms vary with deformation conditions： at low strain rate range, the deformation mechanism is mainly dislocation slip; at low temperature and high strain rate range, twinning is the main mechanism; at high temperature and high strain rate range, the deformation is mainly controlled by diffusion offl phase.

Model of critical strain for dynamic recrystallization in 10%TiC/Cu-Al_2O_3 composite

Using the Gleeble-1500 D simulator, the hot deformation behavior and dynamic recrystallization critical conditions of the 10%Ti C/Cu-Al2O3(volume fraction) composite were investigated by compression tests at the temperatures from 450 °C to 850 °C with the strain rates from 0.001 s-1 to 1 s-1. The results show that the softening mechanism of the dynamic recrystallization is a feature of high-temperature flow true stress-strain curves of the composite, and the peak stress increases with the decreasing deformation temperature or the increasing strain rate. The thermal deformation activation energy was calculated as 170.732 k J/mol and the constitutive equation was established. The inflection point in the lnθ-ε curve appears and the minimum value of-(lnθ)/ε-ε curve is presented when the critical state is attained for this composite. The critical strain increases with the increasing strain rate or the decreasing deformation temperature. There is linear relationship between critical strain and peak strain, i.e., εc=0.572εp. The predicting model of critical strain is described by the function of εc=1.062×10-2Z0.0826.

Deformation simulation of low-temperature high-speed extrusion for 6063 Al alloy

The hot compression test of 6063 Al alloy was performed on a Gleeble-1500 thermo-simulation machine, and the forming of 6063 rod cxtrudate in low-temperature high-speed extrusion was simulated with extrusion ratio of 25 on the platform of DEFORM 2D successfully. From the compression experimental results, the flow stress model of this Al alloy is obtained which could be the constitutive equation in the simulation of low-temperature high-speed extrusion process. From the numerical simulation results, there is a higher strain concentration at the entrance of the die and the exit temperature reaches up to 522 ℃ in low-temperature high-speed extrusion, which approaches to the quenching temperature of the 6063 Al alloy. The results show that the low-temperature high-speed extrusion method as a promsing one can reduce energy consumption effectively.

Effect of strain rate on hot deformation characteristics of GH690 superalloy

In order to clarify the effect of strain rate on hot deformation characteristics of GH690superalloy,the hot deformationbehavior of this superalloy was investigated by isothermal compression in the temperature range of1000?1200°C and strain raterange of0.001?10s?1on a Gleeble?3800thermo-mechanical simulator.The results reveal that the flow stress is sensitive to the strainrate,and the dynamic recrystallization(DRX)is the principal softening mechanism.The strain rate of0.1s?1is considered to be thecritical point during the hot deformation at1000°C.The DRX process is closely related to the strain rate due to the adiabatictemperature rise.The strain rate has an important influence on DDRX and CDRX during hot deformation.The nucleation of DRXcan be activated by twin boundaries,and there is a lower fraction ofΣ3n(n=1,2,3)boundaries at the intermediate strain rate of0.1s?1.

Constitutive analysis of AZ31 magnesium alloy plate

The plastic deformation simulation of AZ31 magnesium alloy at different elevated temperatures （from 473 to 723 K） was performed on Gleeble-1500 thermal mechanical simulator at the strain rates of 0.01, 0.1, 1, 5 and 10 s-t and the maximum deformation degree of 80%. The relationship between the flow stress and deformation temperature as well as strain rate was analyzed. The materials parameters and the apparent activation energy were calculated. The constitutive relationship was established with a Zener-Hollomon （Z） parameter. The results show that the flow stress increases with the increase of strain rate at a constant temperature, but it decreases with the increase of deformation temperature at a constant strain rate. The apparent activation energy is estimated to be 129-153 kJ/mol, which is close to that for self-diffusion of magnesium. The established constitutive relationship can reflect the change of flow stress during hot deformation.

Research on RF Cavity Tolerance of CYCIAE-100

The tolerances of the manufacture and installation errors and Dees deformation caused by gravity in RF cavity of CYCIAE-100 are investigated.Both the analytic treatment and numerical simulation are carried out to give the tolerance of the manufacture and installation errors which disturb the radial and vertical motion of the beam.The Dees deformation caused by gravity leads to axial misalignment of the Dees and then induces the build-up of coherent axial oscillations.However,the calculated results show that the deformation of our Dees is acceptable.

汽车保险杠用材的开发

针对汽车市场上顾客对乘坐安全性的企盼,需要解决汽车保险杠的性能问题。也就是说,当汽车突然发生撞击时,它能吸收几乎是全部的冲击能,使乘坐人员的安全得以保障;另外,也要有利于冲制加工。为此,世界各国各钢铁企业都在潜心研究,企图开发出这种材料,双相钢就是近年来开发出来的一种好材料。武钢近年来也进行了研制,并已生产出热轧双相钢板。