利用高速摄像仪观察了聚焦十字型微通道内高黏度(630 m Pa·s)的甘油-水溶液中氮气气泡的生成过程。研究了气泡生成过程以及气泡体积和最小颈部半径的变化规律。结果表明,高黏流体内气泡生成过程可分为回缩、膨胀、挤压和最终破裂4...利用高速摄像仪观察了聚焦十字型微通道内高黏度(630 m Pa·s)的甘油-水溶液中氮气气泡的生成过程。研究了气泡生成过程以及气泡体积和最小颈部半径的变化规律。结果表明,高黏流体内气泡生成过程可分为回缩、膨胀、挤压和最终破裂4个阶段。气泡体积在膨胀和挤压阶段均随时间线性增长,但挤压阶段的斜率大于膨胀阶段的斜率。气泡最小颈部半径随时间变化分为两个不同的阶段:在挤压阶段,颈部半径随剩余时间呈幂率关系;而在最终破裂阶段,颈部半径随时间呈线性关系。展开更多
高黏流体的停留时间分布(residence time distribution,RTD)测定过程通常面临操作过程复杂,所需设备费用大、实验结果精度低等状况。基于脉冲法并结合图像灰度分析技术,提出了一种简单快捷、适用性强的停留时间分布测定方法,测试过程简...高黏流体的停留时间分布(residence time distribution,RTD)测定过程通常面临操作过程复杂,所需设备费用大、实验结果精度低等状况。基于脉冲法并结合图像灰度分析技术,提出了一种简单快捷、适用性强的停留时间分布测定方法,测试过程简单。在流体流动稳定后加入有色示踪剂,摄像采集整个流体出口截面处流体颜色变化信息,根据流体颜色灰度对应示踪剂浓度的变化,得到停留时间分布曲线。该方法可应用于粘度大于100Pa·s的高黏流体的停留时间分布测定。以麦芽糖浆为高粘流体实验介质,选用结晶紫为示踪剂,确定了流体颜色灰度与示踪剂浓度的线性关系以及线性范围,并通过重复性及一系列的对比性实验证明测定结果稳定。并将圆直管的RTD理论曲线与实验曲线进行比较,进一步验证本方法的正确性。展开更多
Experimental investigation of the microfiltration (MF) using a revolving cross-flow membrane filter was performed under the condition of constant pressure difference, and different flat membranes made of polyvinylid...Experimental investigation of the microfiltration (MF) using a revolving cross-flow membrane filter was performed under the condition of constant pressure difference, and different flat membranes made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, 0.1 μm), cellulose acetate (CA, 0.22 μm), sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES, 0.22 μm) and polyamide (PA, 0.45 μm), respectively, were used in filtration experiments. The dependence of the filtrate mass of the cross-flow MF on time was measured on-line. The experimental results showed that the effect of the cross-flow on high viscosity medium was more significant than that on the low viscosity one.展开更多
文摘利用高速摄像仪观察了聚焦十字型微通道内高黏度(630 m Pa·s)的甘油-水溶液中氮气气泡的生成过程。研究了气泡生成过程以及气泡体积和最小颈部半径的变化规律。结果表明,高黏流体内气泡生成过程可分为回缩、膨胀、挤压和最终破裂4个阶段。气泡体积在膨胀和挤压阶段均随时间线性增长,但挤压阶段的斜率大于膨胀阶段的斜率。气泡最小颈部半径随时间变化分为两个不同的阶段:在挤压阶段,颈部半径随剩余时间呈幂率关系;而在最终破裂阶段,颈部半径随时间呈线性关系。
文摘高黏流体的停留时间分布(residence time distribution,RTD)测定过程通常面临操作过程复杂,所需设备费用大、实验结果精度低等状况。基于脉冲法并结合图像灰度分析技术,提出了一种简单快捷、适用性强的停留时间分布测定方法,测试过程简单。在流体流动稳定后加入有色示踪剂,摄像采集整个流体出口截面处流体颜色变化信息,根据流体颜色灰度对应示踪剂浓度的变化,得到停留时间分布曲线。该方法可应用于粘度大于100Pa·s的高黏流体的停留时间分布测定。以麦芽糖浆为高粘流体实验介质,选用结晶紫为示踪剂,确定了流体颜色灰度与示踪剂浓度的线性关系以及线性范围,并通过重复性及一系列的对比性实验证明测定结果稳定。并将圆直管的RTD理论曲线与实验曲线进行比较,进一步验证本方法的正确性。
基金Supported by the State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China(2003CB615705)
文摘Experimental investigation of the microfiltration (MF) using a revolving cross-flow membrane filter was performed under the condition of constant pressure difference, and different flat membranes made of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF, 0.1 μm), cellulose acetate (CA, 0.22 μm), sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES, 0.22 μm) and polyamide (PA, 0.45 μm), respectively, were used in filtration experiments. The dependence of the filtrate mass of the cross-flow MF on time was measured on-line. The experimental results showed that the effect of the cross-flow on high viscosity medium was more significant than that on the low viscosity one.