用激光吹气注入高Z杂质使HL-1M装置放电有效地安全终止的研究

现在国际上大装置纷纷发现破裂放电而导致电流突然中止造成装置遭受重大的危害，因为能量熄灭阶段存在强烈的热通量，而且在电流熄灭阶段中产生强烈的逃逸电子，使得第一壁材料可运行的时间大大缩减；同时在真空器壁上产生很强的电磁力。所以，必须在大装置上建立一种避免和软化能量衰竭与电流衰竭，并且控制预计的放电破裂或突然终止放电的措施。

用激光吹气注入高Z杂质使HL-1M托卡马克放电安全终止的研究

采用高Z杂质注入HL1M等离子体中,触发等离子体电流衰竭的实验已经施行.用激光吹气注入高Z杂质能够增加辐射冷却,等离子体在-3ms时间内迅速冷却而且在电流终止之前电子温度损失约80%.实验证明它是一种使得大型聚变实验装置上在放电破裂之前显著减少等离子体中热能而且安全终止放电的简单、快速和有效的途径.

POTENTIAL SAFE TERMINATION BY LASER ABLATION OF HIGH Z IMPURITY IN THE HL-1M TOKAMAK

A preliminary experiment for triggering a plasma current quench by high Z impurities has been performed on the HL1M tokamak.Using injection of impurity with the higher charge of the nuclei allows us to increase the radiation cooling.It can be a simple and potential approach for decreasing significantly the plasma thermal energy before a disruption and for safe termination of the plasma.

Potential Safe Termination by Laser Ablation of High Z Impurity in the HL-1M Tokamak

In the contemporary large tokamak, the disruptive termination of a discharge will reduce the lifetime of the first wall materials with the intense heat flux at the energy quench and the intense runaway electrons duringthe current quench, and generate high electron magnetic forces on vacuum vessel components with intense eddy current at the current quench. Thus, avoidance and softening of the energy quench and the current quench and controlling an expected disruption or emergency shutdown must be established in the present tokamak machines.

托卡马克等离子体破裂的缓解和预报研究

HL-2A和HL-1M装置采用了激光吹气注入高Z杂质来缓减大破裂中的等离子体电流衰竭,并给出了初步实验结果。在HL-2A装置上建立了利用MHD扰动的参量预报放电破裂先兆的报警系统,研制了MHD实时检测与处理系统,实现了放电破裂先兆的预报、快速触发激光吹气、形成阻性高辐射等离子体、消耗热能和磁能,缓减大破裂。实验证明,这是一种使得大型聚变实验装置在放电破裂之前显著减少等离子体中热能和磁能,而且能安全终止放电的简单、快速和有效的途径。