鲁式买断在德州延伸

山东白酒以地产地销为特色，基本上每个县、市都有几个地产的白酒品牌，这些品牌擅长开发品牌买断产品，成为独特的鲁式买断。本刊曾经将这种现象称为“全国最大的地产品牌群落”。目前在山东德州市场，这种品牌买断的现象正在从经销商买断延伸到终端买断，一个小小的餐饮店都可以搞品牌买断，他们不做市场，产品主要用于自己消费，销量占到了当地白酒销量的一半以上，严重冲击了酒店终端的市场。

鲁式买断并不寂寞

如果放眼北方市场我们就会发现，鲁式买断并不是山东特有现象，其实汾酒在山西、西凤在陕西都是如此。它们的共同点：都是一个区域市场上（一个省或者几个地区）开发了大量的买断产品。为什么这三个地方的情形如此相似，和古井、全兴、五粮液以及剑南春的买断情况都不一样？后者的买断产品并不集中在某个特定区域。我觉得有一个历史因素值得探讨，上面的三个区域有一个共同点，那就是这些区域的品牌都曾经在全国范围释放过能量，但由于种种原因，一下子被逼回原产地。昔日的汾老大（汾酒），曾经比当时五粮液的规模还要大，但由于朔州假酒案一下子让它退回山西。鲁酒中的很多品牌比如孔府家、扳倒井等也曾经借助广告的力量游走全国市场。陕西的西凤在很早之前就是全国性名酒，后来也基本退守陕西。这些曾经的全国性品牌一下子被逼回本土市场，其所蕴涵的巨大能量在突然之间只能释放在一个较小的区域里，那么这些能量（其实就是品牌拉力）就很快充斥于该区域市场的各个缝隙（其实就是各个价位、各个渠道）。

鲁式造纸机成形机理研究

各种型式的纸机其纸张抄造过程都是成形和逐步脱水的过程,衡量一种纸机技术上先进与落后,也应该从成形和脱水的角度来衡量,就是要看它能否高效率地抄出高质量的纸页。 ZL1—1575鲁式圆网造纸机(图1)于1987年9月18日在烟台造纸厂通过省级鉴定,纸机抄速达到200米/分,整机水平居国内领先地位。 ZL1—1575鲁式造纸机为什么能提高车速呢?为了探讨和弄清它的机理。

鲁式鲜香 美味无界

邢氏海参馆创立于山东济南。主营以海参菜品为特色的鲁菜。据餐厅厨师长饲永松介绍说。这组菜品是餐厅经营三年来沉淀下来的堂做招牌菜。不仅味道鲜美．而且提升用餐氛国。在堂做的过程中。因加热器皿温度很高。要注意操作和食用安全。如石锅海参在石锅中加工成熟后．需另装在可加热的汤盅内，以保证客人食用无忧。

PCR检测不同样品中牛羊布鲁氏菌病的对比试验研究

采集牛羊组织、生殖道拭子、鼻腔拭子和尿液,采用PCR方法检测布鲁氏菌病的感染情况,样品检出率从高到低顺序为组织、生殖道拭子、鼻腔拭子、尿液。用0.5%石碳酸生理盐水保存的拭子检出率高于PBS。

Robust Stability Analysis of Edge Polynomials with Variable Length

The concept of edge polynomials with variable length is introduced. Stability of such polynomials is analyzed. Under the condition that one extreme of the edge is stable, the stability radius of edge polynomials with variable length is characterized in terms of the real spectral radius of the matrix H -1 ( f 0) H (g) , where both H (f 0) and H (g) are Hurwitz like matrices. Based on this result, stability radius of control systems with interval type plants and first order controllers are determined.

羊布鲁氏杆菌病的预防与控制

布氏杆菌病是一种人畜共患的传染病,在我国的人畜之间都比较高的发病率,并且发病区域还有着扩大的趋势,经常会出现聚集性传播的疫情特征。本文主要是对羊布氏杆菌病的概况和现状进行了分析,对该病的预防和控制进行了研究。

Stability analysis of time-varying systems via parameter-dependent homogeneous Lyapunov functions

This paper considers the stability analysis of linear continuous-time systems, and that the dynamic matrices are affected by uncertain time-varying parameters, which are assumed to be bounded, continuously differentiable, with bounded rates of variation. First, sufficient conditions of stability for time-varying systems are given by the commonly used parameter-dependent quadratic Lyapunov function. Moreover, the use of homogeneous polynomial Lyapunov functions for the stability analysis of the linear system subject to the time-varying parametric uncertainty is introduced. Sufficient conditions to determine the sought after Lyapunov function is derived via a suitable paramenterization of polynomial homogeneous forms. A numerical example is given to illustrate that the stability conditions are less conservative than similar tests in the literature.

Robust H∞ output feedback control for a class of uncertain Lur＇e systems with time-delays

In this work, the analysis of robust stability and design of robust H∞ output feedback controllers for a class of Lur'e systems with both time-delays and parameter uncertainties were studied. A robust H∞ output feedback controller based on Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMIs) was developed to guarantee the robust stability and H∞ performance of the resultant closed-loop system. The presented design approach is based on the application of descriptor model transformation and Park's inequality for the bounding of cross terms and is expected to be less conservative compared to reported design methods. Finally, illustrative examples are advanced to demonstrate the superiority of the obtained method.

Sliding mode control of supercavitating vehicles in the vertical plane using guaranteed cost theory

This paper focuses on robust control problems for supercavitating vehicles in the vertical plane. Firstly, for the mathematical model with mismatched uncertainties, the robust sliding mode function is designed based on the guaranteed cost theory, and a sufficient condition for the existence is given in terms of linear matrix inequality （LMI）. Secondly, a continuous sliding mode controller is proposed to handle the nonlinear, time - varying behavior of the vehicles. Simulation results demonstrate that the system responds rapidly and has good robust stability. Therefore, it provides theoretical references for further study on control problems of supercavitating vehicles.

Linking strategies to optimize the robustness of multimodal transport network

In view of the problem that the multimodal transport network is vulnerable to attack and faces the risk of cascading failure,three low polarization linking strategies considering the characteristics of the multimodal transport network are proposed to optimize network robustness.They are the low polarization linking strategy based on the degree of nodes(D_LPLS),low polarization linking strategy based on the betweenness of nodes(B_LPLS),and low polarization linking strategy based on the closeness of nodes(C_LPLS).The multimodal transport network in the Sichuan-Tibet region is analyzed,and the optimization effects of these three strategies are compared with the random linking strategy under random attacks and intentional attacks.The results show that C_LPLS can effectively optimize the robustness of the network.Under random attacks,the advantages of C_LPLS are obvious when the ratio of increased links is less than 15%,but it has fewer advantages compared with B_LPLS when the ratio of increased links is 15%to 30%.Under intentional attacks,as the ratio of increased links goes up,the advantages of C_LPLS become more obvious.Therefore,the increase of links by C_LPLS is conducive to the risk control of the network,which can provide theoretical support for the optimization of future multimodal transport network structures.

Robust synchronization of uncertain complex systems with time-varying delays

Synchronization analysis and design problems for uncertain time-delayed high-order complex systems with dynamic output feedback synchronization protocols are investigated. By stating projection on the synchronization subspace and the complement synchronization subspace, synchronization problems are transformed into simultaneous stabilization problems of multiple subsystems related to eigenvalues of the Laplacian matrix of the interaction topology of a complex system. In terms of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs), sufficient conditions for robust synchronization are presented, which include only five LMI constraints.By the changing variable method, sufficient conditions for robust synchronization in terms of LMIs and matrix equalities are given,which can be checked by the cone complementarily linearization approach. The effectiveness of theoretical results is shown by numerical examples.

Robust tracking control design for a flexible air-breathing hypersonic vehicle

A nonlinear robust controller was presented to improve the tracking control performance of a flexible air-breathing hypersonic vehicle(AHV) which is subjected to system parametric uncertainties and unknown additive time-varying disturbances.The longitudinal dynamic model for the flexible AHV was used for the control development.High-gain observers were designed to compensate for the system uncertainties and additive disturbances.Small gain theorem and Lyapunov based stability analysis were utilized to prove the stability of the closed loop system.Locally uniformly ultimately bounded tracking of the vehicle's velocity,altitude and attack angle were achieved under aeroelastic effects,system parametric uncertainties and unknown additive disturbances.Matlab/Simulink simulation results were provided to validate the robustness of the proposed control design.The simulation results demonstrate that the tracking errors stay in a small region around zero.

Robust H_∞ filtering for neutral jump system with time-delays and uncertainties

The problem of robust H∞ filtering for a class of neutral jump systems with time-delay and norm- bounded uncertainties is considered. By re-constructing the system, the dynamics of overall augmented error systems is obtained which involves unknown inputs represented by disturbances, model uncertainties and time-delays. As to the nominal system, sufficient conditions are provided for the existence of the mode-dependent H∞ filter by selecting the appropriate Lyapunov-Krasovskii function and the robust H∞ filter is proposed for the jump system while considering the time-delays and uncertainties. Both of above conditions for the existence of the H∞ filter and roust H∞ filter are presented in terms of linear matrix inequalities, and convex optimization problems are formulated to design the desired filters. By employing the proposed mode-dependent H∞ filter, the systems have the stochastic stability and better ability of restraining disturbances stochastically, and the given prescribed H∞ performance is guaranteed. Simulation resuhs illustrate the effectiveness of developed techniques.

Robust parametric approach for tracking control of an air-breathing hypersonic cruise vehicle

To realize the stabilization and the tracking of flight control for an air-breathing hypersonic cruise vehicle, the linearization of the longitudinal model under trimmed cruise condition is processed firstly. Furthermore, the flight control problem is formulated as a robust model tracking control problem. And then, based on the robust parametric approach, eigenstructure assignment and reference model tracking theory, a parametric optimization method for robust controller design is presented. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

The Robust Stability for Interval-Polynomial

In this paper, a new stability criterion for positive-coefficient polynomial is given. Then the problem about the robust stability for an interval-polynomial is investigated and some new stability criterions for interval-polynomials are obtained. The coefficient perturbation bound for stable interval polynomial can be completely determined by the coefficients of polynomial (1.1). So the conclusions of this paper are simple and useful. Several examples in the end of this paper show that the criterions given in this paper are effective.

盛世小菜开元风

刚开始以为这是农家乐风味的小炒，后来我们看到了粗犷且有浓郁鲁式风味的火夸，再后来又将典型的鲁菜海参加入了粤式煲汤行列，再再后来菌香浓郁的云南菜也上桌了。把所有菜系一网打进，但彼此之间又有了新的融合与搭配，这就是家常菜的大趋势吧。

Three Paradigms in Lu Xun Research and Contemporary Value Options

Research on Lu Xun is never simply the analysis of an individual writer, but constitutes an understanding of the cultural attributes represented by Lu Xun himself and his writings. Likewise, the evaluation of research on Lu Xun is never a simple evaluation of academic history, but rather a social evaluation associated with the value orientations of those times. At present, with the return of academic logic and the growing tendency toward private research, a noteworthy divergence of standpoints and evaluations of Lu Xun research has emerged. At the same time, as a prominent discipline that has been over-interpreted, research on Lu Xun is demonstrating a tendency toward redundancy and triviality. Three fundamental paradigms are commonly employed in research on Lu Xun： historical research that attempts to explore historical materials; academic research that focuses on knowledge interpretation and aesthetic evaluation; and contemporary research that pursues the contemporary meaning and values of Lu Xun＇s ideas. Each paradigm offers an insight into and understanding of Lu Xun＇s rich and complex spiritual world; each presents a paradox of one kind or the other; and each performs different value functions.

Efficient WENOCU4 scheme with three different adaptive switches

Although classical WENOCU schemes can achieve high-order accuracy by introducing a moderate constant parameter C to increase the contribution of optimal weights,they exhibit distinct numerical dissipation in smooth regions.This study presents an extension of our previous research which confirmed that adaptively adjusting parameter C can indeed overcome the inadequacy of the usage of a constant small value.Cmin is applied near a discontinuity while Cmax is used elsewhere and they are switched according to the variation of the local flow-field property.This study provides the reference values of the adaptive parameter C of WENOCU4 and systematically evaluates the comprehensive performance of three different switches(labeled as the binary,continuous,and hyperbolic tangent switches,respectively)based on an optimized efficient WENOCU4 scheme(labeled as EWENOCU4).Varieties of 1D scalar equations,empirical dispersion relation analysis,and multi-dimensional benchmark cases of Euler equations are analyzed.Generally,the dissipation and dispersion properties of these three switches are similar.Especially,employing the binary switch,EWENOCU4 achieves the best comprehensive properties.Specifically,the binary switch can efficiently filter more misidentifications in smooth regions than others do,particularly for the cases of 1 D scalar equations and Euler equations.Also,the computational efficiency of the binary switch is superior to that of the hyperbolic tangent switch.Moreover,the optimized scheme exhibits high-resolution spectral properties in the wavenumber space.Therefore,employing the binary switch is a more cost-effective improvement for schemes and is particularly suitable for the simulation of complex shock/turbulence interaction.This study provides useful guidance for the reference values of parameter C and the evaluation of adaptive switches.