During the Late Miocene,numerous medium to large-sized herbivores,that resemble the living Ovibos in skeletal morphology,dispersed throughout the Holarctic realm and comprised eleven genera:Lantiantragus,Shaanxispira,...During the Late Miocene,numerous medium to large-sized herbivores,that resemble the living Ovibos in skeletal morphology,dispersed throughout the Holarctic realm and comprised eleven genera:Lantiantragus,Shaanxispira,Tsaidamotherium,Criotherium,Mesembriacerus,Hezhengia,Urmiatherium,Parurmiatherium,Plesiaddax,Sinotragus,and Prosinotragus.These genera are primarily found in eastern Asia,in which nine genera are found in northern China,as well as in countries in eastern Europe and western Asia.They are distinguished by unique characteristics,including a perpendicular braincase,specialized horn cores,and a robust basioccipital.Previous studies have often classified these‘ovibovin’bovids as part of the conventional subfamily/tribe Ovibovinae/Ovibovini,along with extant Ovibos.Nevertheless,an increasing number of studies do not support the monophyly of the subfamily/tribe Ovibovinae/Ovibovini,nor is a close relationship likely between these Late Miocene‘ovibovin’bovids and extant Ovibos.Among the eleven genera of‘ovibovin’bovids,Plesiaddax,Hezhengia,and Urmiatherium are often considered to have a very close relationship and conventionally form the tribe Urmiatheriini.However,previous phylogenetic analyses do not support the monophyly of Urmiatheriini.This paper presents a summary of the transmutation of the terms Ovibovidae/Ovibovinae/Ovibovini/Ovibovina,the temporal and spatial distribution of the Late Miocene‘ovibovin’bovids in Eurasia,the principal characteristics of these taxa,and the previous phylogenetic analyses.展开更多
In this study, two Satureja L. species from different localities of Turkey （Satureja hortensis L. and Satureja boissieri Hausskn. ex Boiss.） have been studied to determine their taxonomic classification based on che...In this study, two Satureja L. species from different localities of Turkey （Satureja hortensis L. and Satureja boissieri Hausskn. ex Boiss.） have been studied to determine their taxonomic classification based on chemical characters. For this purpose, aerial parts of the studied taxa were investigated by HS-SPME/GC-MS. 28, 30 and 29 compounds were identified in S. boissieri from Sanhurfa, BingS1 and Malatya accounting from 90.80%, 91.31% and 92.67% of the whole oil, respectively. 26, 30 and 28 compounds were identified in S. hortensis from Adlyaman, Diyarbaklr, Elazl~ accounting from 93.20%, 92.85% and 92.42% of the whole oil, respectively, y-terpinene （30.4%, 26.5% and 32.1%）, carvacrol （26.4%, 25.2% and 23.3%） and p-cymene （10.5%, 13.2% and 10.4%） were determined as main compounds of S. boissieri in Sanhurfa, Bing6l and Malatya species, respectively. Carvacrol （25.0%, 34.1% and 32.1%）, thymol （28.2%, 20.2% and 28.1%） and y-terpinene （10.1%, 11.3% and 9.4%） were found as main constituents of S. hortensis in Adlyaman, Diyarbaklr and Elazl~ samples, respectively. The chemical distributions of the essential oil compounds in the Satureja pattern were discussed in respect to their chemotaxonomy and natural products.展开更多
文摘During the Late Miocene,numerous medium to large-sized herbivores,that resemble the living Ovibos in skeletal morphology,dispersed throughout the Holarctic realm and comprised eleven genera:Lantiantragus,Shaanxispira,Tsaidamotherium,Criotherium,Mesembriacerus,Hezhengia,Urmiatherium,Parurmiatherium,Plesiaddax,Sinotragus,and Prosinotragus.These genera are primarily found in eastern Asia,in which nine genera are found in northern China,as well as in countries in eastern Europe and western Asia.They are distinguished by unique characteristics,including a perpendicular braincase,specialized horn cores,and a robust basioccipital.Previous studies have often classified these‘ovibovin’bovids as part of the conventional subfamily/tribe Ovibovinae/Ovibovini,along with extant Ovibos.Nevertheless,an increasing number of studies do not support the monophyly of the subfamily/tribe Ovibovinae/Ovibovini,nor is a close relationship likely between these Late Miocene‘ovibovin’bovids and extant Ovibos.Among the eleven genera of‘ovibovin’bovids,Plesiaddax,Hezhengia,and Urmiatherium are often considered to have a very close relationship and conventionally form the tribe Urmiatheriini.However,previous phylogenetic analyses do not support the monophyly of Urmiatheriini.This paper presents a summary of the transmutation of the terms Ovibovidae/Ovibovinae/Ovibovini/Ovibovina,the temporal and spatial distribution of the Late Miocene‘ovibovin’bovids in Eurasia,the principal characteristics of these taxa,and the previous phylogenetic analyses.
文摘In this study, two Satureja L. species from different localities of Turkey （Satureja hortensis L. and Satureja boissieri Hausskn. ex Boiss.） have been studied to determine their taxonomic classification based on chemical characters. For this purpose, aerial parts of the studied taxa were investigated by HS-SPME/GC-MS. 28, 30 and 29 compounds were identified in S. boissieri from Sanhurfa, BingS1 and Malatya accounting from 90.80%, 91.31% and 92.67% of the whole oil, respectively. 26, 30 and 28 compounds were identified in S. hortensis from Adlyaman, Diyarbaklr, Elazl~ accounting from 93.20%, 92.85% and 92.42% of the whole oil, respectively, y-terpinene （30.4%, 26.5% and 32.1%）, carvacrol （26.4%, 25.2% and 23.3%） and p-cymene （10.5%, 13.2% and 10.4%） were determined as main compounds of S. boissieri in Sanhurfa, Bing6l and Malatya species, respectively. Carvacrol （25.0%, 34.1% and 32.1%）, thymol （28.2%, 20.2% and 28.1%） and y-terpinene （10.1%, 11.3% and 9.4%） were found as main constituents of S. hortensis in Adlyaman, Diyarbaklr and Elazl~ samples, respectively. The chemical distributions of the essential oil compounds in the Satureja pattern were discussed in respect to their chemotaxonomy and natural products.
