余麦口咽合剂治疗阴虚肺燥干咳与咽炎片对比的临床疗效观察

研究余麦口咽合剂治疗阴虚肺燥引起干咳患者的临床疗效。方法 选取2022年1月1日至2023年9月30日收治的阴虚肺燥引起干咳患者80例。随机分为对照组与治疗组各40例。根据患者症状轻重区分用药观察。对照组轻症患者给予单用咽炎片治疗,治疗时间为10日。中、重症患者给予咽炎片联合止咳橘红胶囊进行治疗,治疗时间为两周;治疗组轻症患者给予单用余麦口咽合剂进行治疗,治疗时间为10日。中、重症患者给予余麦口咽合剂联合止咳橘红胶囊进行治疗,治疗时间为两周。结果 治疗组轻症患者总有效率95.%,复发率0%,中、重症患者总有效率95%,复发率5%;对照组轻症患者总有效率90%,复发率9%,中、重症患者治疗总有效率83%,复发率11%。治疗组总有效率明显高于对照组。结论 余麦口咽合剂治疗肺虚肺燥所致的干咳的疗效及复发率,无论是轻症单用还是中、重症联合用药都明显优于咽炎片的单用及联合用药的的治疗效果。方法 简单安全,无不良反应,值得推广。

余麦口咽合剂联合西药治疗阴虚火旺型久咳的临床疗效观察

旨在评估余麦口咽合剂联合西药对阴虚火旺型慢性咳嗽患者的临床疗效。方法 将129例阴虚火旺型久咳患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,对照组43例,治疗组86例。对照组采用复方甲氧那明胶囊联合盐酸氨溴索分散片治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加服余麦口咽合剂治疗,14天为一疗程,共治疗2个疗程。比较两组治疗效果及不良反应等。结果 (1)治疗过程中,对照组和治疗组各有3例和6例患者流失,最终对照组完成40例,治疗组完成80例。(2)治疗2个疗程后,对照组和治疗组的总有效率分别为85.00%、91.25%;治疗组的总有效率显著高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P < 0.05)。(3)观察过程中,治疗组患者的不良反应发生率无明显增加,安全性较好。结论 余麦口咽合剂联合西药对于治疗阴虚火旺型的慢性咳嗽有着明显的治疗效果,其在实际操作中的安全性也较高,这使得它有潜力被广泛用于医疗实践中。

山麦消食口服液的制备及质量控制

目的:建立山麦消食口服液的制备工艺与质量控制方法。方法:确定山麦消食口服液的制备工艺,对山麦消食口服液中的黄芪、白术、党参等用薄层色谱法进行了鉴别,通过室温下留样观察及稳定性实验考察制剂质量,拟订其质量控制标准。结果:薄层色谱法简便、斑点清晰、专属性强、阴性对照无干扰。稳定性试验结果表明,该制剂在考察的时间内性状稳定。结论:该制剂制备工艺简单、合理,质量控制方法可靠。

Tunisian Population of the Wheat Pathogen Mycosphaerella graminicola is Still Fully Sensitive to Strobilurin Fungicides

Mycosphaerella graminieola （anamorph： Zymoseptoria tritici） is the causal agent of Septoria tritici blotch, the most frequently occurring disease on wheat crops worldwide. A set of 163 monoconidial isolates of this fungus were sampled in 2012 from five geographical locations of Tunisia （Bizerte, B6ja, Kef, Jendouba and Siliana） in order to examine the status of strobilurin resistance of M. graminicola in this country. The resistance was assessed by using PCR-based mismatch mutation assay that determined the cytochrome b substitution G143A responsible for strobilurin resistance. All isolates were found sensitive since they possessed the wild-type allele G143 conferring sensitivity. This study confirms previous reports on the fungus in Tunisia and reveals that the Tunisian population of M. graminicola remains fully sensitive to strobilurin fungicides. An appropriate management of strobilurin applications in Tunisia is thereby recommended to prevent local development and widespread of resistance, as in Europe, where pathogen populations are fully resistant to strobilurins today.

Co-residence in Denmark in 1801

The Danish 1801 census is available in a fully coded and standardised digital version. This makes it possible to analyse the living conditions of the Danes in new ways. A very central aspect of living conditions is household and family. The census is divided by these lines and therefore calculations of household size and complexity are straight forward and this clearly gives one side of the picture. A totally different side is co-residence analysis. This is not straight forward, but because of the standardisation it is doable. By this means, you get a picture of the likelihood that a person of a given age group lives together with specific relatives. It gives an insight into a central part of living conditions and it gives a picture of differences between sexes and urbanisations. The paper brings the two ways of description together and shows that each has something to contribute to the picture of the Danes.

Effect of Malva Nut Gum on Pasting Characteristics and Freeze-thaw Stability of Commercial Wheat, Rice or Waxy Rice Flour

The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of Malva nut gum （MG） replacement on the pasting characteristics and freeze-thaw stability of wheat, rice or waxy rice flours. Pasting properties and freeze-thaw stability of different flours incorporated with 0, 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 5% of MG were investigated. Pasting temperature （60 ℃-87 ℃） of the pastes significantly decreased with increasing of MG content for wheat and rice flours, but had no significant effect for waxy rice flour. Incorporation of MG into all flours significantly elevated the peak viscosity by about 0.9-2.6 folds when compared to non-MG samples. Hot paste viscosity, breakdown and final viscosity for all flour mixtures significantly increased with increasing of MG which ranged from 81-427, 37-559 and 152-463 RVU, respectively. Freeze-thaw stability measurement demonstrated that higher level of MG in wheat and rice gel mixtures could decrease syneresis. However, MG had no effect on syneresis of waxy rice gel. Presence of MG in flours alters the pasting properties and syneresis effect. It is suggested that higher viscosity and lower syneresis of gels could be modified by MG.

Incidence and Development of Powdery Mildew （Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici） in the Czech Republic in the Years 1999-2010 and Race Spectrum of This Population

Powdery mildew （Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici） is one of the most important leaf diseases of wheat on the worldwide. Evolutionary potential of a pathogen population is reflected in its population genetic structure. Severity of powdery mildew in twelve years of small-plot experiments was in individual years different. Incidence of powdery mildew was followed in 1999-2010 and powdery mildew development was studied in 2003 and 2004 in the Crop Research Institute （CRI）. These experiments were made on the cultivar Kanzler, susceptible cultivar to powdery mildew. Disease severity was made as a percentage of typical symptoms of the disease. Structure of powdery mildew population was probed in 2009 and 2010 in CRI and in the locality Humpolec. The highest was in 2004 and the lowest in 2003. Development of the disease in two extreme years depended on progress of weather factors mainly to average daily temperature and photosynthetic active radiation. In the year 2009 was higher disease severity in CRI than in the CRI station in Humpolec but in 2010 vice versa higher disease severity was in Humpolec. Observation showed that in small distances of two localities can be differences in composition of powdery mildew population. Higher virulence in CRI was to the gene of specific resistance Pml whereas in Humpolec to the gene Pm 17. In the year 2010 in CRI was the highest virulence to the gene Pm 1 whereas in Humpolec the highest virulence was to the genes Pm3fand Pm4a. Differences of powdery mildew were in 12 years of observation were very distinct and showed difference in structure of powdery mildew population in near localities.

Influence of Mechanical Grinding on the Interface Characteristics of Rice/Wheat Straws

The mechanical grinding method was used to make rice and wheat straw flakes and the properties of the interface of straws before and after grinding were evaluated. The particle boards were prepared using two kinds of straw flakes, respectively and their physical and mechanical properties were investigated. The results showed that the rice straw was easier to be broken when compared with wheat straw and the inner surface of cells in grinded straws was exposed remarkably. The characteristic peaks of lignin and cellulose on the surface of wheat straw were more significant than rice straw. The free-radical concentrations of straws were increased dramatically after being grinded with heating in the range from I00 ~C to 200 ~C. The surface free energy of straws was also improved after being grinded and the value in wheat straw was higher than that of rice straw, which implies that wheat straw was easier to be bonded than rice straw. The physical and mechanical properties of two kinds of straw particle boards could achieve the requirements of Chinese National Standards of GB 4897.3-2003, while wheat straw particle boards had better properties than those made from rice straws.

Characterization of New Allelic Variation for Glutenin in EMS-Mutant Durum Wheat Population （Triticum turgidum L. subsp, durum （Desf.））

The High Molecular Weight HMW-GS and Low-Molecular-Weight LMW-GS Glutenin Subunits are major determinants of wheat dough processing qualities. Tilling populations was generated by EMS mutagenesis from Chaml durum variety. Protein quality was investigated by SDS sedimentation, protein content, gluten content and thousand kernel weights. 21 mutants were selected from 1,500 lines of tilling population depending on the variations of their electrophoresis profiles. The analysis of Glu-B 1 HMW-GS has showed two types of profiles： lines deficient on Bx7 and lines with expression of new protein between （Bx7-ByS） allelic pair combination. The majority of these mutant lines have showed quality compounds associated with bad technological characteristics like the parent Cham l with the exception of two mutant lines expressing new protein that have significantly stronger gluten properties an one mutant deficient on Bx7 HMW-GS that developed high value of SDS. For Glu-B3 LMW-GS coding for LMW glutenin type 1 and 2, new mutant line showing expression of new protein pattern. The mutant showing over-expression of bands on gel SDS-PAGE for LMW typel like Chaml, have produced the highest protein and gluten content, while the new mutant showing new profile have showed high value of Gluten and SDS.

Demographic, Economic, and Social Challenges of the Population Ageing in Cameroon

The elderly represent a growing proportion of the overall population and household＇s heads in Cameroon. This demographic change has some impact on the economic and social situation of the latter, in particular, the functioning of the family structure and solidarity between generations. The successive crises （food and financial） coupled with structural adjustment programs have in fact worsened the problems of the elderly, without having for compensation, provided the corresponding benefits for other age groups. This study contributes to the analysis of changes over time in the family support system, especially with regard to household＇s heads aged in Cameroon. To achieve this, the discussion turns around three questions： （1） what is the extent and nature of the ageing in Cameroon？ （2） what are the demographic, economic, and social implications？ and （3） what is the impact of economic and social change on intergenerational relationships？ The data used come from the Population Census （1976, 1987, and 2005）, and the Cameroonian Household Survey of 2007. The gradual deterioration of the support system for the family, especially due to modernization, and the current and future numbers of older should bring more policymakers to meet the specific needs of this group in Cameroon.

干预不良喂养方式对2～6岁厌食症儿童临床疗效的影响

目的观察干预不良喂养方式对2～6岁厌食症儿童临床疗效的影响。方法选取2016年6月至2017年10月我科门诊确诊为厌食症伴不良喂养方式患儿300例,随机分为干预组155例和非干预组145例。干预组给予不良喂养方式的纠正,非干预组口服山麦健脾口服液治疗。2组均治疗8周后观察并比较临床疗效、中医证候积分、身高和体质量的变化。结果干预组总有效率为86.75%,高于非干预组的76.64%,2组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组治疗前中医证候积分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。与治疗前比较,2组治疗后中医证候积分均显著降低(P<0.05),且干预组降幅大于非干预组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组治疗前身高、体质量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),具有可比性。与同组治疗前比较,2组治疗后身高、体质量均显著升高(P<0.05),且干预组体质量增幅高于非干预组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但身高增幅比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论不良的喂养方式是引起小儿厌食症的一个重要原因,正确识别和纠正不良的喂养方式,尤其是纠正过度喂养,是治疗小儿厌食症的一个重要措施。