“我曾经以生为中国人为耻，痛恨自己为何不能像其他美国人那样，长着黄头发和蓝眼睛……现在我以生为中国人为荣。事实上，中国的发展亦愈来愈值得骄傲，但年少时则难下这定论，故抵触一切属于亚洲的东西。”说这话的人是黄大卫（David...“我曾经以生为中国人为耻，痛恨自己为何不能像其他美国人那样，长着黄头发和蓝眼睛……现在我以生为中国人为荣。事实上，中国的发展亦愈来愈值得骄傲，但年少时则难下这定论，故抵触一切属于亚洲的东西。”说这话的人是黄大卫（David Henry Hwang，1957--），著名的华裔剧作家。他曾经以百老汇舞台剧《蝴蝶君》（M.Butterfly）获得1988年度托尼奖的最佳编剧、最佳导演、最具特色演员三项大奖，从而为华人打入美国演艺主流立下汗马功劳。展开更多
We estimated the reproductive success of adult brood fish and the heritability of growthrelated traits for large yellow croaker （Larimichthys crocea）. We created two independent full-factorial cross groups （1 and 2...We estimated the reproductive success of adult brood fish and the heritability of growthrelated traits for large yellow croaker （Larimichthys crocea）. We created two independent full-factorial cross groups （1 and 2） by crossing 4 malesx4 females and 4 males^3 females, respectively. We measured the body weight （BW）, body length （BL）, and body height （BH） of 281 individuals from group 1 and 318 individuals from group 2 at 20 months post hatch （harvest age）. We also collected a tissue sample from each individual. The parents and offspring were genotyped using six polymorphic mierosatellites. Of the 599 offspring, 99.2% were assigned to a single pair of parents. In both groups, some parent pairs produced a large number of offsprings while other pairs did not produce any offspring. The genetic diversity and putative No were lower in the offsprings than in the parents in both groups. The heritability estimates at 20-month age were 0.13±0.10 for BW, 0.19±0.13 for BL, and 0.09±0.06 for BH. The genetic and phenotype correlation between BW, BL, and BH was close to 1. The results provide basic information for selective breeding and further genetic characterization of large yellow croaker.展开更多
To evaluate and improve the milk quality in dual purpose cattle with hand or machine milking, a good management and sanitary program was implemented （GMSP） in 40 farms. Was obtained a diagnostic by an interview and ...To evaluate and improve the milk quality in dual purpose cattle with hand or machine milking, a good management and sanitary program was implemented （GMSP） in 40 farms. Was obtained a diagnostic by an interview and in situ evaluation of management conditions and milk samples for laboratory analysis integrating the platform and microbiological counts, before and after of GMSP. The changes achieved were no significant （P 〉 0.05） for pH and density, but alcohol and foreign material were positive modified （P 〈 0.05） by GMSP in both hand and machine milking. The quantities of sediments were decreased （P 〈 0.05） in more than 50.0%. Decrease （P 〈 0.05） was observed in the counts of CFU mL1 （colony forming unitsl） in aerobic mesophilic, coliforms, Salmonella ssp. and Staphylococcus aureus with the GMSP. After GMSP Salmonella ssp. incidence was affected （P 〈 0.05） by hand （55.5%） vs. machine （61.5%） milking type; coliforms count and positive incidence in milk were affected （P 〈 0.05） in hand （81.5%） vs. machine （53.9%）. Therefore it was confirmed that the implementation of adequate sanitary and management practices, in both hand and machine milking, decreased the presence and incidence of microorganisms in milk with potential to produce disease in animals and humans.展开更多
The large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea is one of the most important fish species in China. To estimate the re- productive success of breeders, three independent full-factorial crosses were created and the fins o...The large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea is one of the most important fish species in China. To estimate the re- productive success of breeders, three independent full-factorial crosses were created and the fins of breeders and progenies were sampled for microsatellite analysis. Out of 959 offspring from three sets, 99.6% were assigned to their parents using 6-7 mi- crosatellite markers. In all crosses, some parent pairs produced a large number of offspring and some parent pairs did not produce any offspring. The contributions of male or female parents were unequal, ranging from 1.0-89.3% across the three sets. The loss of putative Ne was 69.6% in set 1, 31.2% in set 2 and 57.6% in set 3. These results suggest that the unequal contribution of parents is universal in artificial breeding ofL. crocea, especially in a small population, and this should be taken into account in hatcheries or when releasing animals for resource enhancement展开更多
文摘“我曾经以生为中国人为耻，痛恨自己为何不能像其他美国人那样，长着黄头发和蓝眼睛……现在我以生为中国人为荣。事实上，中国的发展亦愈来愈值得骄傲，但年少时则难下这定论，故抵触一切属于亚洲的东西。”说这话的人是黄大卫（David Henry Hwang，1957--），著名的华裔剧作家。他曾经以百老汇舞台剧《蝴蝶君》（M.Butterfly）获得1988年度托尼奖的最佳编剧、最佳导演、最具特色演员三项大奖，从而为华人打入美国演艺主流立下汗马功劳。
基金Supported by the Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest (No. 200903029-4)Key Project of Science and Technology Department of Fujian Province (No. 2010N0021)the Foundation for Young Professors of Jimei University (No. 2009C002)
文摘We estimated the reproductive success of adult brood fish and the heritability of growthrelated traits for large yellow croaker （Larimichthys crocea）. We created two independent full-factorial cross groups （1 and 2） by crossing 4 malesx4 females and 4 males^3 females, respectively. We measured the body weight （BW）, body length （BL）, and body height （BH） of 281 individuals from group 1 and 318 individuals from group 2 at 20 months post hatch （harvest age）. We also collected a tissue sample from each individual. The parents and offspring were genotyped using six polymorphic mierosatellites. Of the 599 offspring, 99.2% were assigned to a single pair of parents. In both groups, some parent pairs produced a large number of offsprings while other pairs did not produce any offspring. The genetic diversity and putative No were lower in the offsprings than in the parents in both groups. The heritability estimates at 20-month age were 0.13±0.10 for BW, 0.19±0.13 for BL, and 0.09±0.06 for BH. The genetic and phenotype correlation between BW, BL, and BH was close to 1. The results provide basic information for selective breeding and further genetic characterization of large yellow croaker.
文摘To evaluate and improve the milk quality in dual purpose cattle with hand or machine milking, a good management and sanitary program was implemented （GMSP） in 40 farms. Was obtained a diagnostic by an interview and in situ evaluation of management conditions and milk samples for laboratory analysis integrating the platform and microbiological counts, before and after of GMSP. The changes achieved were no significant （P 〉 0.05） for pH and density, but alcohol and foreign material were positive modified （P 〈 0.05） by GMSP in both hand and machine milking. The quantities of sediments were decreased （P 〈 0.05） in more than 50.0%. Decrease （P 〈 0.05） was observed in the counts of CFU mL1 （colony forming unitsl） in aerobic mesophilic, coliforms, Salmonella ssp. and Staphylococcus aureus with the GMSP. After GMSP Salmonella ssp. incidence was affected （P 〈 0.05） by hand （55.5%） vs. machine （61.5%） milking type; coliforms count and positive incidence in milk were affected （P 〈 0.05） in hand （81.5%） vs. machine （53.9%）. Therefore it was confirmed that the implementation of adequate sanitary and management practices, in both hand and machine milking, decreased the presence and incidence of microorganisms in milk with potential to produce disease in animals and humans.
基金Aeknowleflgements Thanks to Chen Qing-kai for rearing fish families. This study was supported by Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest （200903029-4）, the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30771663）, Key Project of Fujian Provincial Department of Science ＆ Technology （2010N0021）, the Foundation for Innovation Research Team of Jimei University, China（2010A002） and the Open Foundation from Ocean Fishery Science and Technology in the Most Important Subjects of Zhejiang （20100203）.
文摘The large yellow croaker Larimichthys crocea is one of the most important fish species in China. To estimate the re- productive success of breeders, three independent full-factorial crosses were created and the fins of breeders and progenies were sampled for microsatellite analysis. Out of 959 offspring from three sets, 99.6% were assigned to their parents using 6-7 mi- crosatellite markers. In all crosses, some parent pairs produced a large number of offspring and some parent pairs did not produce any offspring. The contributions of male or female parents were unequal, ranging from 1.0-89.3% across the three sets. The loss of putative Ne was 69.6% in set 1, 31.2% in set 2 and 57.6% in set 3. These results suggest that the unequal contribution of parents is universal in artificial breeding ofL. crocea, especially in a small population, and this should be taken into account in hatcheries or when releasing animals for resource enhancement
