永州黄姜提取物抗肿瘤效果研究

黄姜学名盾叶薯蓣（Dioscorea Zingiberensis C.H.Wright）,为薯蓣科薯蓣属（Dioscrea.L）草质缠绕性藤本植物[1]。黄姜提取物中主要活性成分为薯蓣皂苷（Diosgenin）,又称薯蓣皂素。研究表明,薯蓣皂苷具有溶血、降血脂、抗菌、消炎、脱敏、修复病变组织、刺激肝素细胞生长及促进胆汁分泌等作用[2]。

黄姜提取物的抗疲劳作用

目的：观察黄姜提取物的抗疲劳作用。方法：将体重18～22g雄性昆明种小鼠按体重随机分为阴性对照组（给予纯化水）和3个剂量组（3．35，6．7，67mg·kg^-1·d^-1），分别灌胃给予黄姜提取物，进行负重游泳试验、血清尿素测定（二乙酰一肟法）、肝糖原测定（蒽酮法）和血乳酸测定，结果：黄姜提取物在13．4mg·kg^-1·d^-1（相当于人体推荐摄入量的20倍）的剂量时，具有延长小鼠负重游泳时间和降低运动后小鼠血清尿素含量的作用；在6．7，13．4mg·kg^-1·d^-1（相当于人体推荐摄入量的10倍、20倍）的剂量时，具有增加小鼠肝糖原水平的作用；在3．35，6．7，13．4mg·kg^-1·d^-1（相当于人体推荐摄入量的5倍、10倍和20倍）的剂量时，未见具有降低运动小鼠血乳酸产生的作用。结论：黄姜提取物具有抗疲劳的作用。

黄姜杀灭鱼类指环虫活性部位的初步研究

以寄生于金鱼鳃部的指环虫为指示寄生虫,采用活体感染、活体杀虫的方法,通过不同极性的溶剂回流提取黄姜,制备粗提物,进行杀灭金鱼指环虫的药效活性追踪试验,确定黄姜杀灭鱼类指环虫的活性部位,并对活性部位进行安全性评价。试验结果表明,黄姜的杀虫活性部位是70%乙醇部位,其质量浓度为20.0 mg/L时,平均最高杀虫率为100%。70%乙醇提取物经过有机溶剂进一步萃取后,杀虫药效试验表明,石油醚和最终水相萃取部位对指环虫具有杀灭作用,但石油醚萃取部位作用较佳,其质量浓度为5.0 mg/L时,平均最高杀虫率为100%。活性部位对草鱼急性毒性试验结果显示,石油醚萃取部位对草鱼的48 h半致死质量浓度(LC50)为33.54 mg/L,其安全质量浓度为9.64 mg/L,表明黄姜是一种比较安全,杀虫效果良好的水产用中草药。

A combination extract of Renshen(Panax Ginseng),Yinyanghuo(Herba Epimedii Brevicornus),Yuanzhi(Radix Palygalae) and Jianghuang(Rhizoma Curcumae Longae) decreases glycogen synthase kinase 3β expression in brain cortex of APPV717I transgenic mice

OBJECTIVE： To investigate the neuroprotective mechanism of combination extract of Renshen （Ponax Ginseng）, Yinyanghuo （Herba Epimedii Brevi-comus）, Yuanzhi （Radix Palygalae） and Jianghuang （Rhizoma Curcumae Longae） （GEPT） in treating AI- zheimer＇s disease on the target of glycogen syn- thase kinase 3β（GSK-3β）. METHODS： Three-month-old APPV7171 transgenic mice were randomly divided into ten groups （n=12 per group） and intragastrically administrated vehi- cle or medicines： APP group was given 0.5% CMC, donepezil group was given donepezil （APP ＋ D group） （0.92 mg/kg-1. day-1）, and GEPT groups were given small dose of GEPT （APP＋Gs group） （0.075 g/ kg-1. day-1）, medium dose （APP＋Gm group） （0.15 g/ kg-1. day-1）, and large dose （APP＋GI group） （0.30 g/ kg-1. day-1） for 4 or 8 months, respectively. Three-month-old C57BL/6J mice as vehicle controls （n=12） were given 0.5% CMC for 4 or 8 months as well. The GSK-3β expression in the cortex of 7- and 11-month-old APPV7171 transgenic mice with and without GEPT or donepezil treatment and normal C57BL/6J mice were measured via Western blotting and Immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： Immunohistochemistry analysis showed significant increase of GSK-3β in the cerebral cortex of 7-month-old APP group （compare to control group P=0.003）, while the GSK-313 expression of donepezil or OEPT group were all significantly de-creased （Donepezil vs APP： P=0.041; GI vs APP： P=0.049, Gm vs APP： P=0.029, Gh vs APP： P=0.036）. Western blot analysis showed similar results. The densitometric measures of GSK-3β in APP mice in- creased significantly as compared with the control group （P=0.008）. And the GSK-3β expression indonepezil and GEPT groups were all decreased. There was significant difference between Gh group or donepezil group and the control group （P=0.05）. Similar findings were shown in the 11-month-old mice in each group, except for greater decrease of GSK-3β in the GEPT group. CONCLUSION： GEPT can effectively decrease the level of GSK-3β expression in the brain cortex of AP- PV7171 transgenic mice, and such effect is more sig- nificant in 11-month-old mice. This partially ex- plains the neuroprotecting mechanism of GEPT in preventing and treating of AD.