镨锆黄色料制备方法研究进展

主要介绍了镨锆黄色料常见的制备方法及其优缺点,并指出矿化剂、烧成制度以及后期加工方式是影响其呈色的主要因素,最后提出了提高镨锆黄色料发色的主要手段。

陶瓷釉上彩用铬锑钛黄色料的合成与表征

通过固相法,以二氧化钛、三氧化二锑、重铬酸钾为原料合成釉上无毒环保铬锑钛黄色料,研究了原料的组成、合成温度、保温时间等因素对色料呈色的影响,确定了其较好的配方组成和合成制度,制备出呈色效果较好的釉上铬锑钛黄色料,并采用XRD、SEM、色度分析对合成样品进行了表征。结果表明:较好的铬锑钛黄色料配方为二氧化钛88.2%、三氧化二锑8.8%、重铬酸钾3%;合成温度为1200~1230℃,保温时间为60 min;合成样品为纯相固溶有铬和锑的金红石,晶粒发育完善、分散良好,多为1μm以下的粒状,有一些发育成四方柱形,长度为3~5μm;其呈色为鲜亮的橘黄色,黄度值可高达47左右。

粒度对镨黄色料在透明釉中发色的影响

研究了不同粒度分布的镨黄色料在不同釉中的发色,通过在高、中、低温透明釉的呈色状况及色度对比,研究了粒度对镨黄色料发色的影响,得出了适合镨黄色料发色的粒度范围。

镨黄色料粒径对其色度的影响

喷墨打印成为当前陶瓷装饰的主流技术,其技术关键是稳定的陶瓷墨水。为提高陶瓷墨水的稳定性,通常需求粒径分布窄的超细陶瓷色料。但是,色料的细化过程会改变色料的呈色及其在釉中的稳定性。为认识这种影响,本文以市售镨黄色料为研究对象,通过物理破碎改变色料的粒径。结果表明:当平均粒径(d50)从6.809μm减小到1.094μm时,镨黄色料的色度值从L*=82.49,a*=7.47,b*=72.70转变为L*=81.51,a*=-0.58,b*=56.41。镨黄色料在透明釉中也呈现相似的粒径-色度规律。这种变化是由于固相法合成的镨黄色料具有双层结构,黄色的Pr-ZrSiO_4在色料颗粒的表面,白色的ZrO_2在色料颗粒的核心。球磨导致的色料颗粒的破坏使得白色的ZrO_2核心裸露出来,降低了Pr-ZrSiO_4的浓度,减弱了色料的呈色。

煅烧温度及氟化锂对球形镨黄色料性能的影响

本文采用溶胶-凝胶-微乳液法(SGM)制备了球形锆镨黄色料(Pr-ZrSiO4),并系统的研究了氟化锂、煅烧温度等工艺参数对色料的呈色性能及微观结构的影响。结果表明:采用SGM法能够得到分散性、流动性和呈色性能良好,同时表面具有微纳凸起结构的球形锆镨黄色料。TEM和EDS测试表明,微纳凸起结构的存在是由于气态氟化硅向氧化锆扩散和沉积作用。该工作为高性能黄色陶瓷墨水的研发提供了选择。

铈离子对钒锆黄色料呈色性能的改性研究

采用溶胶一凝胶法合成了铈离子(Ce^(3+))改性钒锆黄(V-ZrO_(2))色料,并研究了Ce^(3+)对V-ZrO_(2)色料的呈色性能的影响。结果表明:当Ce^(3+)的掺杂量为0.3mol%时V-ZrO_(2)色料具有最佳的色度参数,其色度值为L*=61.74,a*=9.24,b*=43.87。此外,发现了Ce^(3+)的引入对V^(4+)掺杂到ZrO_(2)晶格中的过程中存在协同/竞争的双重机制,即:当Ce^(3+)掺杂量低于0.3 mol%时能够提高V^(4+)在ZrO_(2)中的掺杂量,从而提高V-ZrO_(2)色料的呈色能力;反之则会抑制V^(4+)进入ZrO_(2)晶格。同时,Ce_(0.003)V-ZrO_(2)色料在高温陶瓷釉中呈现出优异的着色性能。

电熔氧化锆制备镨黄色料的研究

本文通过对经过提纯和颗粒形貌处理的特种电熔氧化锆的主要物理化学性质进行了分析,并与普通电熔氧化锆和化学锆进行对比。同时,在1120℃和1280℃温度下进行了镨黄色料的发色实验。结果表明:特种电熔氧化锆制备的镨黄色料发色效果和耐温性明显好于普通电熔氧化锆,可以替代化学锆在高温镨黄色料中的应用。

探究矿化剂种类对镨黄色料发色的影响

笔者基于本公司生产条件,以探究为目的系统地对比了矿化剂对锆镨黄色料发色的影响,对标现有产品,得到了发色优于现有生产水平的镨黄色料。

锆钒黄色料的改进与研究

一、前言: 锆钒黄陶瓷颜料是一种锆基陶瓷颜料。传统的锆钒黄通常是由ZrO_2和V_2O_5混合煅烧而成,这种配方一直延用至今。但是,近几年来化工原料涨价,颜料成本提高,为此我们查阅有关资料,进行了初步试验。二、锆钒黄色料的改进依据: 锆基陶瓷颜料按着色元素在颜料中的分布状态有:固溶型、吸附型和包裹型三种,

溶胶–凝胶法制备陶瓷喷墨打印用镨锆黄色料

陶瓷喷墨打印技术以其独特的优点已成为各国研究的热点。目前国内喷墨打印用色料的研究存在黄色等色料发色不纯正的问题。采用溶胶–凝胶法,通过正交试验,制备了颜色纯正的镨掺杂硅酸锆黄色料粉体。通过CIE L~*a~*b~*系统研究样品的色度,确定优化的制备条件为:镨掺量3%、pH值3、水浴温度70℃,较优样品亮度值L~*为90.37,绿度值a~*为–0.33,黄度值b~*为40.50。红绿度值趋近于0(–0.33),即红绿色对黄色呈色影响最低,黄色纯正。样品的主晶相为硅酸锆,含有少量的β-石英和单斜氧化锆。色料晶粒尺寸为62 nm,形貌呈四方体,晶格条纹清晰,晶体生长发育良好,镨离子取代了硅酸锆晶格中的锆离子。墨水装饰效果评价表明控制镨掺量、pH值及反应温度可获得发色纯正的镨锆黄色料以及发色纯正釉面的效果。

复合结构钛黄陶瓷色料的制备与近红外反射性能研究

采用钛酸丁酯水解制备了单分散的TiO_(2)微球,以球状TiO_(2)为核,通过尿素均相沉淀法制备了具有核壳结构的钛黄色料,研究了核壳结构的构建对(Cr,Sb)TiO_(2)色料的近红外反射特性的影响。结果表明,通过球壳结构的构建可提高(Cr,Sb)TiO_(2)的近红外反射率,核壳结构的TiO_(2)@(Cr,Sb)TiO_(2)可作为一种具有近红外反射特性的黄色功能陶瓷色料。

老挝北部黄色图章石的矿物成分及微量元素特征

老挝北部黄色图章石(又称老挝北部黄料)呈明亮的黄色至褐黄色,多见水波纹状内部纹理,与我国图章石中的田黄外观特征具有一定相似性。本文运用X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)、拉曼光谱(LRM)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、电子探针(EPMA)、激光剥蚀等离子质谱(LA-ICP-MS)、全铁化学分析等测试方法对其矿物组成、微量元素及产地特征等进行了研究。结果表明,老挝北部黄料的主要组成矿物单一,为无序地开石,杂质矿物包括重晶石、锐钛矿、硬水铝石和赤铁矿等,其中地开石颗粒表面平整,呈板状紧密排列;萝卜纹主要呈枝状、短脉状零星分布在基体中;老挝北部黄料的黄色由Fe^(3+)所致,且颜色深浅与Fe^(3+)含量呈正相关关系,其Cr、Rb、Sr含量低于田黄,Ga含量高于田黄。通过多元统计判别分析法可将老挝北部黄料和田黄进行有效区分,其判别函数对未知样品进行验证的正确率可达92. 9%,且模型的可靠性较高。通过稀土元素配分模式图可以直观区分老挝北部黄料和田黄。

Screening of Decolorizing Fungi for Rose Bengal and Water-soluble Colour Paste and Its Decolorization Conditions

The strain No. 2 which was isolated from the soil through enrichment culture was used as the experimental material. It was cultured in liquid medium to research decolorizing effect to Rose Bengal and soluble color paste under the different conditions of different media,carbon sources,nitrogen sources,initial pH values and culture temperatures. The results revealed that the optimum decolorizing conditions were using bean juice medium and PDA medium as the minimal medium,sucrose as the carbon source,and ammonium nitrate as the nitrogen source,initial pH 6.0-8.0. In addition,the strain was primarily identified as Aspergillus flavus according to its morphous and ITS sequence analysis.

Effects of Dietary Mannan Oligosaccharides and Calcium Formate on Performance and Egg Quality of Japanese Quail （Coturnixjaponica）

The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of dietary supplementation of mannan oligosaccharides （MOS）, extracted from yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and acidifier calcium formate （CF） on some performance parameters and egg quality characteristics of Japanese quail （Coturnixjaponica）. During the experimental period, which lasted 90 days, one hundred eighty three, 42-day-old quail, were distributed into 4 groups of 3 replications each and were placed in separate wire suspended cages. The birds of control group received a commercial feed, while the birds of the other 3 groups received the same feed, to which either 6 g CF kg^-1 or 1 g MOS kg^-1 or both 6 g CF kg^-1 plus 1 g MOS kg^-1 were added. The live weight, feed consumption, feed conversion ratio and mortality of birds were not significantly affected. The addition of MOS in the feed significantly （P 〈 0.05） increased palmitic acid percentage of egg yolk. Also, the addition of CF significantly （P 〈 0.05） decreased egg shape index and palmitic acid percentage of egg yolk. Furthermore, significant （P 〈 0.05） interaction between MOS and CF was observed on palmitic acid percentage, egg shape index and egg shell thickness. No significant effect was observed for egg： weight, specific weight, parts percentage （yolk, albumen, shell）, shell deformation, yolk diameter and yolk colour （L＊a＊b＊ colour space）.

Fabrication of PMMA doped with griseofulvin material and its optical rotatory dispersion

Chiral molecule C17H17CIO6 was incorporated in MMA by sol-gel process and its optical polarization response was measured. The optical rotatory dispersion was measured with self-manufactured apparatus. The results show that the maximum and minimum rotation angles of the chiral PMMA are 69° at the wavelength of 450 nm and 17° at the wavelength of 700 nm,respectively. The experimental results accord with the simulation results by the Boltzmann formula.

Optimization of Extraction Technology of Pigments from Petals of Matthiola incana(L.)R.Br.of Different Colors

[ Objective] The paper aimed to study the optimum extraction technology of pigments from petals of Matthiola incana（ L. ） R. Br. of differ- ent colors. [Method] Petal pigments of Aida variety （white violet）, Francesco variety （ red violet） and Arabella variety （ purple violet） were ana- lyzed by colorimetric reaction method and ultraviolet-visible spectrum method, and the optimum extraction technology of flavonoid compounds from petals of them was determined by single factor experiment and orthogonal experiment. [ Result] The optimum extraction conditions of white violet were as follows： with 95% ethanol ＋ 5% HCI as solvent, solid-liquid ratio （ 1 ： 40）, extraction time （3 h）, extraction temperature （65 ℃ ）. The opti- mum extraction conditions of red violet and purple violet were as follows： with acetone as solvent, solid-liquid ratio （1：40）, extraction time （3 h）, extraction temperature （65 ℃）. [ Conclusion] The study provided theoretical foundation for further development and exploitation of pigments from M. incana（ L. ） R. Br.

Identification of Pathogenic Germs and Antibiotics Residues in the Raw Milk and Their Effects on Human Health

Milk is a food of great value, it provides more essential nutrient than any other natural food. The presence of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic residues in milk can cause a real danger to consumers. Effectively, the milk consumption contaminated by bacteria can have an immediate impact which means a toxi-infection. Therefore, the presence of antibiotics residues in milk can constitute an important risk at the allergic and antibiotic resistance cases on the consumer. The present study concerning the pathogens germs identification and Antibiotic residues seeking in milk and their impact on the human health, has been realized on a total number of 80 samples of raw milk resulted from direct sale channel （dairies） throughout Blida different regions localities. The Microbiological analysis has shown only three conform samples to JORA Standards. Really, milk non-conformity results to the microbiological standards consisting on total aerobic mesophilic flora total count, total coliforms, Thermotolerant coliforms E. coli, Faecal streptococcus, Staphylococcus aureus have shown the following contamination rate： 61.25%, 93.75%, 86.25%, 55%, 93.75% and 50%. Salmonella is characterized by a total absence in all analyzed milk samples. Moreover, the antibiotics residues research by Delvotest SP make plainly visible 33 positive samples. Further, two samples of the three which were judged conform to the bacteriology standards has been found contaminated by the antibiotic residues. The analyzed milk quality can be considered as a real danger to the consumption.

New Environmental Friendly Yellow Ceramic Pigments of the Type （Fe^ⅢM^Ⅴ）-TiO2

The family of Cr（Ⅲ） and Fe（Ⅲ）-doped rutile pigments of nominal composition （M^ⅢM^V）xTi1-2xO2, with M^Ⅲ = Cr（Ⅲ） or Fe（Ⅲ） and M＇（V） = Sb, Nb, Ta, with x = 0.03, 0.15 and 0.25 were investigated as ceramic pigments covering the yellow-ochre-brown palette. The formulations containing Fe（Ⅲ） are novel compositions not included in the commercial rutile pigments. The materials were characterized by XRD （X-ray diffraction） analysis and FTIR （Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy）. The transition temperature from anatase-to-rutile was estimated by the evolution of the spectral patterns. This crystal phase transition is responsible of the color formation. A higher distortion of TiO6 octahedra is observed in the case of （FeSb） containing cells which contribute to the enhancement of the light absorption. The coloring performance of all the formulations were evaluated by enameling the mixtures containing 5% pigments and commercial frits representative of single and double firing industrial processes. The chromatic values obtained are in the yellow to brown domain of the chromatic plot, depending on the composition of the pigment-frit batch. In the case of the Fe-glazes, and particularly the combination （FeNb）, the chromatic values are close to the best yellow tinting. This new FeNb-rutile pigment could be a more benign substitute of Cr-yellow pigments. The homogeneity of the enamels was confirmed by SEM （scanning electron microscopy）-EDAX （energy dispersive X-ray analysis） microscopy.

Near UV-pumped yellow-emitting Sr_9Mg Li(PO_4)_7:Eu^(2+) phosphor for white-light LEDs

Laboratory discovery of new phosphors for white-light light-emitting diodes （WLEDs） is still an im- perative challenge. A new yellow-emitting Sr9MgLi（PO4）7：Eu^2＋ phosphor was discovered based on the mineral-inspired pro- totype evolution and new phase construction strategy pro- posed by our group. Sr9MgLi（PO4）7：Eu^2＋ has been synthesized by using a high temperature solid-state method, and its phase structure and luminescence properties have been investigated in detail, and applied in WLED lamp. Sr9MgLi（PO4）7 phase is derived from the ]3-Ca3（PO4）2-type mineral structure. Upon 365 nm UV light excitation, the SrgMgLi（PO4）7：Eu^2＋ phosphor exhibits a broad emission band from 450 nm to 700 nm. The white-light LED lamp was fabricated based on the phosphor blends of the composition-optimized yellow-emitting Sr9MgLi （PO4）7：Eu2＋ and commercial blue-emitting BaMgAl10O17：Eu^2＋, and a 365 nm UV chip was used as the excitation source. The Ra, CCT value and CIE of the as-fabricated LEDs were found to be 83, 5,612 K, and （0.324, 0.358）, respectively. All the results indicate that Sr9MgLi（PO4）7：Eu^2＋ could be potential in the development of UV-pumped white-light LEDs.