130 wheat varieties are selected as materials to test the LOX activity, whiteness, yellowness, carotenoids content and RVA parameters, which are to be analyzed by variance analysis, correlation analysis, cluster analy...130 wheat varieties are selected as materials to test the LOX activity, whiteness, yellowness, carotenoids content and RVA parameters, which are to be analyzed by variance analysis, correlation analysis, cluster analysis and classified according to the origins. The result shows there are highly significant variations in LOX activity from varieties; LOX activity is positively correlated with whiteness, and significantly and negatively correlated with yellowness. Cluster analysis applying longest distance method based on LOX activity clusters all the varieties or lines into three major groups. There are great differences between the averages of LOX activity from varieties. LOX activities are discussed in the application of nutritional quality improvement in wheat.展开更多
Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 which could produce carotenoids was isolated from Antarctic sea ice. The major carotenoid was identified as astaxanthin by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry （LC/MS）, and its content accou...Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 which could produce carotenoids was isolated from Antarctic sea ice. The major carotenoid was identified as astaxanthin by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry （LC/MS）, and its content accounted for 87.62% of total carotenoids （1,786 μg/g）. High Performance Liquid Chromatogrephy （HPLC） analysis showed that the purity of the astaxanthin reached about 96. 16% through a simple purification. Maximum astaxanthin production （1,908μg/g） was obtained when the yeast was grown at 10 ℃ in seawater medium containing 5 g/L sodium acetate, 5 g/L peptone, 0.5 g/L NaC1, 0.01 g/L KH2PO4; 0.01 g/L MgSO4·7H20 and 0.001 g/L FeSO4·7H20 at pH 7.5.展开更多
Effect of fertilizer source （mineral fertilizer or organic manure） on photosynthetic pigments leaves content of four brassica vegetables （Pak choi, Kohlrabi, Cauliflower and Cabbage） was tested. Among treatments, ...Effect of fertilizer source （mineral fertilizer or organic manure） on photosynthetic pigments leaves content of four brassica vegetables （Pak choi, Kohlrabi, Cauliflower and Cabbage） was tested. Among treatments, cauliflower fertilized with chicken manure had the highest content of chlorophyll a and b （10.08 and 9.37 μm·g^-1）, while, pak choi had the lowest values （2.00 and 2.44 μm·g^-1） in non-fertilized plants. These differences in chlorophyll a and b content may have a great impact on photosynthetic rate and activity. Total carotenoids and total xanthophylls （lutein, zeaxanthin, antheraxanthin and violaxanthin） were the highest in cauliflower while the lowest was in pakchoi, β-carotene, on the other hand, was the highest percentage of total carotenoids （65.7%） in pak choi while Kohlrabi had the lowest percent （57.4%）. This high percentage offl-carotene of total carotenoids may compensate for lower content of chlorophylls and assist for efficient light harvesting process. Lutein showed to be the major components of xanthophyll pigments brassica vegetables and ranged from 0.462μm·g^-1 in cabbage to 0.626μm·g^-1 in kohlrabi but not differed significantly which may refer to genetically controlled. However, lutein, antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin content were increased significantly by the application of chicken manure regardless ofbrassica vegetable type. Violaxanthin was only detected in pak choi and not affected by fertilizer source. It can be concluding from the increasing contents of total xanthophylls pigments that may increase photosynthetic efficiency through non-photochemical quenching process.展开更多
Cassava is an important starchy root crop and a major staple for more than 70 million people in Nigeria. New yellow-fleshed genotypes are being developed to combat vitamin A deficiency. Trials of 18 yellow-fleshed gen...Cassava is an important starchy root crop and a major staple for more than 70 million people in Nigeria. New yellow-fleshed genotypes are being developed to combat vitamin A deficiency. Trials of 18 yellow-fleshed genotypes and two officially released white-fleshed clones, used as checks for 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons in five major cassava growing agroecological zones of Nigeria. The trial locations were Ikenne （humid forest）, Ibadan （forest-savanna transition）, Ubiaja （subhumid forest）, Mokwa （southern Guinea savanna） and Zaria （northern Guinea savanna）. At each location, the trial was established in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The objective of the study was to assess genotype performance and genotype ~ environment interaction for total carotene concentration （TCC）, total carotene content per root （TC-R）, and total carotene content per plant （TC-P）. Significant differences （P 〈 0.001） among genotypes, environments and genotype x environment interaction for all the traits evaluated were observed. For TCC, TC-R and TC-P, the best genotypes across the 10 environments were TMS I051601, TMS 1050311, and TMS 1050998. Variation among genotypes accounted for most of the Total Sum of Squares for TCC （67.9%）, TC-R （39.0%） and TC-P （35.9%）. These characteristics of total carotene were also highly correlated. This study revealed that cassava with total carotene concentration can be assessed using either the TCC, or the TC-R, or the TC-P.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NO:31371615)National Key Research&Developing Plan(2016YFD0300405)the National Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province(1608085MC70)~~
文摘130 wheat varieties are selected as materials to test the LOX activity, whiteness, yellowness, carotenoids content and RVA parameters, which are to be analyzed by variance analysis, correlation analysis, cluster analysis and classified according to the origins. The result shows there are highly significant variations in LOX activity from varieties; LOX activity is positively correlated with whiteness, and significantly and negatively correlated with yellowness. Cluster analysis applying longest distance method based on LOX activity clusters all the varieties or lines into three major groups. There are great differences between the averages of LOX activity from varieties. LOX activities are discussed in the application of nutritional quality improvement in wheat.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 40406003 and 40206022）.
文摘Rhodotorula sp. NJ298 which could produce carotenoids was isolated from Antarctic sea ice. The major carotenoid was identified as astaxanthin by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry （LC/MS）, and its content accounted for 87.62% of total carotenoids （1,786 μg/g）. High Performance Liquid Chromatogrephy （HPLC） analysis showed that the purity of the astaxanthin reached about 96. 16% through a simple purification. Maximum astaxanthin production （1,908μg/g） was obtained when the yeast was grown at 10 ℃ in seawater medium containing 5 g/L sodium acetate, 5 g/L peptone, 0.5 g/L NaC1, 0.01 g/L KH2PO4; 0.01 g/L MgSO4·7H20 and 0.001 g/L FeSO4·7H20 at pH 7.5.
文摘Effect of fertilizer source （mineral fertilizer or organic manure） on photosynthetic pigments leaves content of four brassica vegetables （Pak choi, Kohlrabi, Cauliflower and Cabbage） was tested. Among treatments, cauliflower fertilized with chicken manure had the highest content of chlorophyll a and b （10.08 and 9.37 μm·g^-1）, while, pak choi had the lowest values （2.00 and 2.44 μm·g^-1） in non-fertilized plants. These differences in chlorophyll a and b content may have a great impact on photosynthetic rate and activity. Total carotenoids and total xanthophylls （lutein, zeaxanthin, antheraxanthin and violaxanthin） were the highest in cauliflower while the lowest was in pakchoi, β-carotene, on the other hand, was the highest percentage of total carotenoids （65.7%） in pak choi while Kohlrabi had the lowest percent （57.4%）. This high percentage offl-carotene of total carotenoids may compensate for lower content of chlorophylls and assist for efficient light harvesting process. Lutein showed to be the major components of xanthophyll pigments brassica vegetables and ranged from 0.462μm·g^-1 in cabbage to 0.626μm·g^-1 in kohlrabi but not differed significantly which may refer to genetically controlled. However, lutein, antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin content were increased significantly by the application of chicken manure regardless ofbrassica vegetable type. Violaxanthin was only detected in pak choi and not affected by fertilizer source. It can be concluding from the increasing contents of total xanthophylls pigments that may increase photosynthetic efficiency through non-photochemical quenching process.
文摘Cassava is an important starchy root crop and a major staple for more than 70 million people in Nigeria. New yellow-fleshed genotypes are being developed to combat vitamin A deficiency. Trials of 18 yellow-fleshed genotypes and two officially released white-fleshed clones, used as checks for 2008/2009 and 2009/2010 seasons in five major cassava growing agroecological zones of Nigeria. The trial locations were Ikenne （humid forest）, Ibadan （forest-savanna transition）, Ubiaja （subhumid forest）, Mokwa （southern Guinea savanna） and Zaria （northern Guinea savanna）. At each location, the trial was established in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The objective of the study was to assess genotype performance and genotype ~ environment interaction for total carotene concentration （TCC）, total carotene content per root （TC-R）, and total carotene content per plant （TC-P）. Significant differences （P 〈 0.001） among genotypes, environments and genotype x environment interaction for all the traits evaluated were observed. For TCC, TC-R and TC-P, the best genotypes across the 10 environments were TMS I051601, TMS 1050311, and TMS 1050998. Variation among genotypes accounted for most of the Total Sum of Squares for TCC （67.9%）, TC-R （39.0%） and TC-P （35.9%）. These characteristics of total carotene were also highly correlated. This study revealed that cassava with total carotene concentration can be assessed using either the TCC, or the TC-R, or the TC-P.
