[Objective] The aim was to indentify diseased leaves of broad bean by vibra- tional spectroscopy. [Method] In this paper, broad bean rust, fusarium rhizome rot, broad bean zonate spot, yellow leaf curl virus and norma...[Objective] The aim was to indentify diseased leaves of broad bean by vibra- tional spectroscopy. [Method] In this paper, broad bean rust, fusarium rhizome rot, broad bean zonate spot, yellow leaf curl virus and normal leaves were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. [Result] The spectra of the samples were similar, only with minor differences in absorption inten- sity of several peaks. Second derivative analyses show that the significant difference of all samples was in the range of 1 200-700 cm2. The data in the range of 1 200- 700 cm＇ were selected to evaluate correlation coefficients, hierarchical cluster analy- sis （HCA） and principal component analysis （PCA）. Results showed that the correla- tion coefficients are larger than 0.928 not only between the healthy leaves, but also between the same diseased leaves. The values between healthy and diseased leaves, and among diseased leaves, are all declined. HCA and PCA yielded about 73.3% and 82.2% accuracy, respectively. [Conclusion] This study demonstrated that FTIR techniques might be used to detect crop diseases.展开更多
[Objective] This study aimed to develop a new Bombyx mori variety Shuhuang No.1 and investigate its characteristics.[Method] The new variety was developed through cross breeding and pedigree separation.Its characteris...[Objective] This study aimed to develop a new Bombyx mori variety Shuhuang No.1 and investigate its characteristics.[Method] The new variety was developed through cross breeding and pedigree separation.Its characteristics were identified by laboratory tests and rural promotion practices in Sichuan Province.[Result]The cocoon produced by the new variety Shuhuang No.1 was golden-yellow and radiantly beautiful.Shuhuang No.1 was strong and easy to rear,uniform in development.The male and female ones could be distinguished by their larval color and markings.The cocoon yield per 10 000 the 4th instar larvae reached 20.30 kg; the length of a cocoon filament was about 1 115.0 m,and a non-broken filament was 882.95 mm long,accounting for 79.15％ of the total length.The raw silk ratio of fresh cocoon was 18.39％,and the neatness was 91.25 point.The main economic features of Shuhuang No.1 were better than those of the control.[Conclusion] The new variety had been approved by Sichuan Silkworm Evaluation Commission.It can be promoted in parent silkworm rearing areas Sichuan,Chongqing,Yangtze River basin.展开更多
Expression differences of flavonoid synthase I（BmFNS I）gene in the midgut,silk gland and fat body of the male and female Bombyx Mori with sex-identified fluorescent cocoon color were detected by fluorescence quantit...Expression differences of flavonoid synthase I（BmFNS I）gene in the midgut,silk gland and fat body of the male and female Bombyx Mori with sex-identified fluorescent cocoon color were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.The result showed that the relative expression level of BmFNS I gene in midgut of Bombyx Mori was the highest,followed by that in fat body,and the expression level in silk gland was the lowest,indicating that BmFNS I gene played an important role in flavonoids anabolism in mulberry leaves,which was the food of silkworm.However,there was no significant difference in BmFNS I gene expression level between midguts of male and female Bombyx Mori species with sex-identified fluorescent cocoon color,suggesting that there was no difference in flavonoids anabolism of mulberry leaves between the male and female Bombyx Mori with sex-identified fluorescent cocoon color,at least no difference in flavonoids anabolism regulated by FSN I gene.展开更多
The objective of this paper is to present a new ideotype of grain legume cultivar and show improvements in breeding from the introduction of the terminal inflorescence （ti） gene in field bean, and the introduction o...The objective of this paper is to present a new ideotype of grain legume cultivar and show improvements in breeding from the introduction of the terminal inflorescence （ti） gene in field bean, and the introduction of the restricted branching （rb） gene in three lupin crops--narrow-leafed lupin, white lupin and yellow lupin. Field trials using control cultivars were conducted at the Research Center for Cultivar Testing in Poland. For each species, different trial periods were selected in which new cultivars with ti/rb genes were registered. A breeding progress was estimated by a comparison of a new cultivar to control--bridge cultivar to the next trial period. Over the past twenty years cultivar improvement using ti/rb genes has proceeded differently in these species. The newest, self-completing legume cultivars have yields comparable to traditional ones and generally are earlier and more uniform when mature. This paper shows that breeding progress in rb yellow lupin is outstanding; in rb narrow-leafed lupin and ti field bean is favorable; and in rb white lupin is moderate.展开更多
A proteinase responsible for degradation of yolk proteins has been discovered in oocyte of Antheraea pernyi which was found to found to hydrolyze vitelluin effectively in acidic pH. Using bovine hemoglobin as substrat...A proteinase responsible for degradation of yolk proteins has been discovered in oocyte of Antheraea pernyi which was found to found to hydrolyze vitelluin effectively in acidic pH. Using bovine hemoglobin as substrate,the optimum pH was determine3d at 3.5.Unaffected by EDTA and DipF, the activity of the proteinase was strongly inhibited by E64 and other thiol blocking reagents. It is thus very likely to be a cysteine proteinase. Activity of the proteinas. was found to be increasing in developing oocyte.展开更多
Effects of ecdysteroid and juvenile hormone (JH) on vitellogenesis of the Japanese oak silkworm, Antheraea yamamai are reported in this article. After topical treatment with 20 hydroxyecdysone alone or JH analog ...Effects of ecdysteroid and juvenile hormone (JH) on vitellogenesis of the Japanese oak silkworm, Antheraea yamamai are reported in this article. After topical treatment with 20 hydroxyecdysone alone or JH analog (i.e. methoprene) alone and combined treatment with these two chemicals, vitellogenin (Vg) titers in the fat body and haemolymph at the pupal stage were mostly higher than those of the control, indicating that both ecdysteroid and JH exerted a promoting effect on the synthesis of Vg. In contrast, the Vg uptake was markedly inhibited by JH while stimulating effect of the ecdysteroid could be shown that vitellin (Vt) titer in the ovary was lower after methoprene treatments, but higher after 20 hydroxyecdyson treatments. Meanwhile, effects of these two hormones on Vg synthesis in the fat body were also tested with the incubation in vitro with Grace medium containing 3H leucine and the hormones. The results demonstrated that Vg synthesis was stimulated after treating with methoprene alone or 20 hydroxyecdysone alone and combined treating with these two chemicals, and particularly ecdysteroid had more marked positive effect. To comprehensively concluded our results, it could be regarded that ecdysteroid play the main role in the regulation of vitellogenesis for the Japanese oak silkworm.展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(30960179)Natural Science Foundation of Yunnan Province(2007A048M)~~
文摘[Objective] The aim was to indentify diseased leaves of broad bean by vibra- tional spectroscopy. [Method] In this paper, broad bean rust, fusarium rhizome rot, broad bean zonate spot, yellow leaf curl virus and normal leaves were studied using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. [Result] The spectra of the samples were similar, only with minor differences in absorption inten- sity of several peaks. Second derivative analyses show that the significant difference of all samples was in the range of 1 200-700 cm2. The data in the range of 1 200- 700 cm＇ were selected to evaluate correlation coefficients, hierarchical cluster analy- sis （HCA） and principal component analysis （PCA）. Results showed that the correla- tion coefficients are larger than 0.928 not only between the healthy leaves, but also between the same diseased leaves. The values between healthy and diseased leaves, and among diseased leaves, are all declined. HCA and PCA yielded about 73.3% and 82.2% accuracy, respectively. [Conclusion] This study demonstrated that FTIR techniques might be used to detect crop diseases.
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to develop a new Bombyx mori variety Shuhuang No.1 and investigate its characteristics.[Method] The new variety was developed through cross breeding and pedigree separation.Its characteristics were identified by laboratory tests and rural promotion practices in Sichuan Province.[Result]The cocoon produced by the new variety Shuhuang No.1 was golden-yellow and radiantly beautiful.Shuhuang No.1 was strong and easy to rear,uniform in development.The male and female ones could be distinguished by their larval color and markings.The cocoon yield per 10 000 the 4th instar larvae reached 20.30 kg; the length of a cocoon filament was about 1 115.0 m,and a non-broken filament was 882.95 mm long,accounting for 79.15％ of the total length.The raw silk ratio of fresh cocoon was 18.39％,and the neatness was 91.25 point.The main economic features of Shuhuang No.1 were better than those of the control.[Conclusion] The new variety had been approved by Sichuan Silkworm Evaluation Commission.It can be promoted in parent silkworm rearing areas Sichuan,Chongqing,Yangtze River basin.
基金Supported by the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(863Program)(2006AA10A118)Natural Science Foundation of the Higher Education Institutions of Jiangsu Province,China(07KJB230102)~~
文摘Expression differences of flavonoid synthase I（BmFNS I）gene in the midgut,silk gland and fat body of the male and female Bombyx Mori with sex-identified fluorescent cocoon color were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR.The result showed that the relative expression level of BmFNS I gene in midgut of Bombyx Mori was the highest,followed by that in fat body,and the expression level in silk gland was the lowest,indicating that BmFNS I gene played an important role in flavonoids anabolism in mulberry leaves,which was the food of silkworm.However,there was no significant difference in BmFNS I gene expression level between midguts of male and female Bombyx Mori species with sex-identified fluorescent cocoon color,suggesting that there was no difference in flavonoids anabolism of mulberry leaves between the male and female Bombyx Mori with sex-identified fluorescent cocoon color,at least no difference in flavonoids anabolism regulated by FSN I gene.
文摘The objective of this paper is to present a new ideotype of grain legume cultivar and show improvements in breeding from the introduction of the terminal inflorescence （ti） gene in field bean, and the introduction of the restricted branching （rb） gene in three lupin crops--narrow-leafed lupin, white lupin and yellow lupin. Field trials using control cultivars were conducted at the Research Center for Cultivar Testing in Poland. For each species, different trial periods were selected in which new cultivars with ti/rb genes were registered. A breeding progress was estimated by a comparison of a new cultivar to control--bridge cultivar to the next trial period. Over the past twenty years cultivar improvement using ti/rb genes has proceeded differently in these species. The newest, self-completing legume cultivars have yields comparable to traditional ones and generally are earlier and more uniform when mature. This paper shows that breeding progress in rb yellow lupin is outstanding; in rb narrow-leafed lupin and ti field bean is favorable; and in rb white lupin is moderate.
文摘A proteinase responsible for degradation of yolk proteins has been discovered in oocyte of Antheraea pernyi which was found to found to hydrolyze vitelluin effectively in acidic pH. Using bovine hemoglobin as substrate,the optimum pH was determine3d at 3.5.Unaffected by EDTA and DipF, the activity of the proteinase was strongly inhibited by E64 and other thiol blocking reagents. It is thus very likely to be a cysteine proteinase. Activity of the proteinas. was found to be increasing in developing oocyte.
文摘Effects of ecdysteroid and juvenile hormone (JH) on vitellogenesis of the Japanese oak silkworm, Antheraea yamamai are reported in this article. After topical treatment with 20 hydroxyecdysone alone or JH analog (i.e. methoprene) alone and combined treatment with these two chemicals, vitellogenin (Vg) titers in the fat body and haemolymph at the pupal stage were mostly higher than those of the control, indicating that both ecdysteroid and JH exerted a promoting effect on the synthesis of Vg. In contrast, the Vg uptake was markedly inhibited by JH while stimulating effect of the ecdysteroid could be shown that vitellin (Vt) titer in the ovary was lower after methoprene treatments, but higher after 20 hydroxyecdyson treatments. Meanwhile, effects of these two hormones on Vg synthesis in the fat body were also tested with the incubation in vitro with Grace medium containing 3H leucine and the hormones. The results demonstrated that Vg synthesis was stimulated after treating with methoprene alone or 20 hydroxyecdysone alone and combined treating with these two chemicals, and particularly ecdysteroid had more marked positive effect. To comprehensively concluded our results, it could be regarded that ecdysteroid play the main role in the regulation of vitellogenesis for the Japanese oak silkworm.
