An incubation experiment was carried out in laboratory to study the effect of temperature, moisture, phosphorus, organic matter, cropping and previous elemental sulfur application on elemental sulfur oxidation in four...An incubation experiment was carried out in laboratory to study the effect of temperature, moisture, phosphorus, organic matter, cropping and previous elemental sulfur application on elemental sulfur oxidation in four selected soils, fluvo-aquic soil, black soil, yellow-brown soil and red soil. In all the soils tested, sulfur oxidation rate was influenced by temperature and the temperature coefficient (Q10) values at the range from 10 to 30 ℃ were 4.41, 4.05, 6.19 and 3.71 for the four soils, respectively. The rate of sulfur oxidation was parabolically related to soil Water content. The optimum moisture content for the maximum oxidation rate was different among soils. Phosphorus increased the oxidation rate of elemental sulfur by 57.7%, 33.1%, 21.7% and 26.4% for the above four soils, respectively, compared with the control (no phosphorus applied). Organic material of corn straw which was ground and passed through a 0.5-mm sieve also increased the oxidation rate of elemental sulfur in the four soils by 59.8%, 7.8%, 39.2% and 540.4%, respectively. Elemental sulfur which was applied previously to soils significantly enhanced the oxidation of elemental sulfur subsequently added and increased sulfur-oxidizing populations such as autotrophic elemental sulfur oxidizers with pH optimum 6.8, autotrophic thiosulfate oxidizers with pH optimum 6.8, heterotrophic thiosulfate oxidizers and heterotrophic sulfate producers. Cropping had little effect on elemental sulfur-oxidizing potentiality of soils.展开更多
It was found out that spices straight from the package are not sterile. The only way to receive sterile spices is to use radiation technology which means to irradiate spices with ionizing radiation. However, this meth...It was found out that spices straight from the package are not sterile. The only way to receive sterile spices is to use radiation technology which means to irradiate spices with ionizing radiation. However, this method is quite expensive and raises great resistance of public. And this is the reason why we are interested in implementing plasma technology. The first step of the research was to choose the most appropriate spice. The range of available spices is nearly unlimited, however, we took into account the following ones： sweet paprika, basil, rosemary, saffron, marjoram, thyme and black pepper. Finally, we chose black pepper because it is most often used by butchers to make meat products. It is also called the ＂King of Spices＂ or the ＂Black Gold＂. Black pepper is one of the most often used spices in the United States and in Europe. It is important to have sterile black pepper when we aim at ripening products for example ripening sausages or some kinds of cheeses. What is more, it was found out that black pepper has antimicrobial properties, antioxidant effects and also antipyretic and analgesic properties. The aim of the research was to receive sterile spices using low pressure cold plasma with oxygen, nitrogen, air, argon and hydrogen peroxide.展开更多
文摘An incubation experiment was carried out in laboratory to study the effect of temperature, moisture, phosphorus, organic matter, cropping and previous elemental sulfur application on elemental sulfur oxidation in four selected soils, fluvo-aquic soil, black soil, yellow-brown soil and red soil. In all the soils tested, sulfur oxidation rate was influenced by temperature and the temperature coefficient (Q10) values at the range from 10 to 30 ℃ were 4.41, 4.05, 6.19 and 3.71 for the four soils, respectively. The rate of sulfur oxidation was parabolically related to soil Water content. The optimum moisture content for the maximum oxidation rate was different among soils. Phosphorus increased the oxidation rate of elemental sulfur by 57.7%, 33.1%, 21.7% and 26.4% for the above four soils, respectively, compared with the control (no phosphorus applied). Organic material of corn straw which was ground and passed through a 0.5-mm sieve also increased the oxidation rate of elemental sulfur in the four soils by 59.8%, 7.8%, 39.2% and 540.4%, respectively. Elemental sulfur which was applied previously to soils significantly enhanced the oxidation of elemental sulfur subsequently added and increased sulfur-oxidizing populations such as autotrophic elemental sulfur oxidizers with pH optimum 6.8, autotrophic thiosulfate oxidizers with pH optimum 6.8, heterotrophic thiosulfate oxidizers and heterotrophic sulfate producers. Cropping had little effect on elemental sulfur-oxidizing potentiality of soils.
文摘It was found out that spices straight from the package are not sterile. The only way to receive sterile spices is to use radiation technology which means to irradiate spices with ionizing radiation. However, this method is quite expensive and raises great resistance of public. And this is the reason why we are interested in implementing plasma technology. The first step of the research was to choose the most appropriate spice. The range of available spices is nearly unlimited, however, we took into account the following ones： sweet paprika, basil, rosemary, saffron, marjoram, thyme and black pepper. Finally, we chose black pepper because it is most often used by butchers to make meat products. It is also called the ＂King of Spices＂ or the ＂Black Gold＂. Black pepper is one of the most often used spices in the United States and in Europe. It is important to have sterile black pepper when we aim at ripening products for example ripening sausages or some kinds of cheeses. What is more, it was found out that black pepper has antimicrobial properties, antioxidant effects and also antipyretic and analgesic properties. The aim of the research was to receive sterile spices using low pressure cold plasma with oxygen, nitrogen, air, argon and hydrogen peroxide.
