黑洞数与简化有向图

本文利用“特征数”对应所有n位数在重排求差变换T下的象,且将“共轭”的特征数结合成组；构造出N_n在变换T下的简化有向图。从而得到比文[1]更多的关于黑洞数的结果。

关于r进制二位黑洞数问题的探讨

本文对r进制二位黑洞数的存在性得出了若干结论,对黑程问题作了较圆满解决,证明了黑洞周长的若干性质,文中所采用方法为极差方法。

偶数阶黑洞数的逆共轭特征数

定[1]利用“共轭特征数”构造了Nn在重排求差变换Tn下的简化有向图（NnT，Tn）的同构图（Гm+，Tn*），本大对偶数阶变换T2m*引入“逆共轭特征数”，并将(Гm+，T2m*)中相互逆共轭的特征数也合并成一组，从而使有向图的组数进一步减少。

r进制3t位三分段黑洞数问题及其一般性研究

本文介绍一个特殊的黑洞数问题——r进制3t位三分段黑洞数问题。当r、t为任意正整数(r=1除外)时,对黑洞的个数、周长、各黑洞数的数值,任一个3t位数n的黑程等问题,都得出了一般性的结论。

四进制黑洞数问题探讨

本文用特征数法研究四进制m位数黑洞问题，不论m是多么大的数，对于黑洞的个数、黑洞的周长都作出了一般性的结论。对于求的元素的黑程，也找到了较简捷的一般性的方法。

探讨两个映射数列问题

本文给出了自然数数码方幂问题周期性的存在定理，进而对2次方和3次方的情形给出了具体的解答；本文还对二进制下的黑洞数问题进行了全面的讨论，得到了二进制下的所有黑洞数，黑洞长度和黑程。

Hydrological Process Factors Analysis of Heihe River Mountain Basin Based on GIS

Hydrological process factors are a reflection of the physical mechanism of basin hydrology,which can provide important basis for the use and protection of water resources.Taking Heihe River Mountain Basin as the study area,the hydrological simulation was made based on SWAT-GIS integrated model platform.The calculation methods of hydrological process factors using SWAT model were described based on the simulation results of runoff from 1990 to 2000.Hydrological process factors in the study area were analyzed by using GIS technology.The spatial and temporal characteristics of precipitation,runoff,infiltration,evapotranspiration and snowmelt in the basin were calculated and analyzed.

食盐与高血压

4500年前,中国的黄帝在一本医书中记载:如果在做饭时用过多的盐,会使脉搏搏动沉重,换言之,这是高血压的征兆。至今,西方的研究人员仍然对每天到底吃多少盐而争论不休。一些科学家把盐列为能引起高血压的因素,而另一些人则认为诸如吸烟以及现代生活的压力才是直接原因。现在,一个国际研究专家小组已经成立,他们的任务就是深入研究盐对高血压到底有何影响。研究小组用黑猩猩作实验,发现超量食盐能显著提高它们的血压。

与考生谈临场紧张的心理调适

紧张,是让考生们忌讳的字眼,似乎临场紧张就会发挥失常。这种看法也不全对,因为适度的紧张是竞技者需要的,只有过分紧张才是需要克服的。发人思索的黑猩猩取食试验研究者以饥饿为动机,测试黑猩猩智力发挥的水平。实验时。

Characterization and separation of pyrite from Abu Tartur black shale

This work aimed for pyrite separation from Abu Tartur black shale as a source of sulfur to be an added economic value of Abu Tartur area. The considered samples in the present work were collected from a core drilled in Abu Tartur plateau representing the pyrite-rich black shale of the U. Cretaceous age, Sample characterization was carried out using petrographic microscope, XRD, DTA/DTG, C/S and XRF techniques. Clay minerals, silt-sized quartz, calcite, and hematite were the main minerals associating pyr- ite （5.34g）. Liberation behavior of the sample was about 80% below 5 μm. Sample processing was achieved through one-day soaking followed by classification using I inch Mozley hydro-cyclone where about 35.5% by weight went to underflow and 64.5% went to overflow. The underflow product was subjected to an advanced gravity separation process using SB-40 Falcon Concentrator through a CCD statistical design prepared by Design-Expert 6.0 software proposed to opti- mize the separation process through a study for the effects of frequency （Hz） and water pressure （Psi） on both assay and recovery of the sulfur-rich heavy fraction. A heavy concentrate weighed 10.90% with inorganic sulfur content reached 11.37% （21.24% pyrite） with overall recovery （50.01%） was obtained after two cleaning at the optimum conditions.

Catalytic Activity of the Black Liquor and Calcium Mixture in CO2 Gasification of Fujian Anthracite

CO2 gasification of Fuijian high-metamorphous anthracite with black liquor （BL） and/or mixture of BL and calcium stuff （BL＋Ca） as catalyst was studied by using a thermogravimetry under 750-950℃ at ambient pressure. When the coal was impregnated with an appropriate quantity of Ca and BL mixture, the catalytic activity of CO2 gasification was enhanced obviously. With a loading of 8%Na-BL＋2%Ca, the carbon conversion of three coal samples tested reaches up to 92.9%-99.3% at 950℃ within 30min. The continuous formation of alkali surface compounds such as （[-COM], [-CO2M]） and the presence of exchanged Ca, such as calcium phenolate and calcium carboxylates （COO）2Ca, contribute to the increase in catalytic efficiency, and using BL＋Ca is more efficient than that adding BL only, The homogeneous model and shrinking-core model were applied to correlate the data of conversion with time and to estimate the reaction rate constants under different temperature. The corresponding reaction activation energy （Ea） and pre-exponential factor of three anthracites were estimated. It is found that Ea is in the range from 73.6 to 121.4kJ·mol^-1 in the case of BL＋Ca, and 74.3 to 104.2kJ·mol^-1 when only BL was used as the catalyst, both of which are much less than that from 143.5 to 181.4kJ·mol^-1 if no catalyst used. It is clearly demonstrated that both of BL＋Ca mixture and BL could be the source of cheap and effective catalyst for coal gasification.

Tunneling of Dirac Particles from Kaluza-Klein Black Hole

Applying the fermions tunneling method, proposed by Kerner and Mann recently, we discuss the tunneling characteristics of Dirac particles from the stationary Kaluza-Klein black hole. To choose Gamma matrix conveniently and avoid the ergosphere dragging effect, we perform it in the dragging coordinate frame. The result shows that Hawking temperature in this case also can be reproduced by the general Dirac equation.

An optimized sequential extraction scheme for molybdenum association in environmental samples

By comparing three sequential extraction pro- cedures, a new optimized extraction scheme for the molyb- denum association in environmental samples was proposed. Five operational steps were described as exchangeable （KH2PO4 ＋ K2HPO4： including water-soluble）, associated with organic matter （NaOH）, Fe-Mn oxides and/or carbonates （HC1）, sulfides （H2O2） and residue （HNO3 ＋ HF ＋ H2O2）. An optimized extraction scheme was com- pared with Tessier＇s procedure and the Commission of European Communities Bureau of Reference （BCR） was applied to black shales. Results showed Tessier＇s procedure gave the lowest concentration values for exchangeable molybdenum and the highest values for the residual molybdenum, which could not present the efficiency of the extraction reagents. BCR＇s procedure showed the highest values in oxidizable molybdenum and presented four fractions of molybdenum, which did not demonstrate the fractions of molybdenum in the black shales in detail. The optimized extraction scheme demonstrated a certain improvement on extraction efficiency over Tessier＇s proce- dure for the lowest residual molybdenum, and revealed morefeatured fraction information of molybdenum in black shales than BCR＇ s. Therefore, after a comparison with other two extraction procedures, the optimized extraction scheme proved suitable for the molybdenum in black shales and it also showed an accurate determination of the molybdenum in the fractions and source of bioavailable Mo.

The Natural Forest Protection Program in China： A Contingent Valuation Study in Heilongjiang Province

In 1998, the Chinese Government implemented the NFPP （Natural Forest Protection Program）, which included logging restrictions, protected areas, replanting, and a range of other policies aimed at safeguarding the state of the country＇s forests and reducing the risk of erosion and flooding. A second phase of this program is currently being discussed. In this paper, contingent valuation is used to estimate the WTP （willingness to pay） for maintaining the program among the inhabitants in Heilongjiang Province in northern China. The results show that, even with fairly conservative assumptions, the aggregated WTP for maintaining the program for another five years is some 3.24 billion yuan per year. This can be compared with the current cost of the Program in the province, which is some 1.57 billion yuan per year.

Electrochemical degradation of acidified reed pulp black liquor with three-dimensional electrode reactor

The electrochemical degradation of reed pulp black liquor containing lignin pretreated by acidification method was investigated using a three-dimensional electrode reactor. Using activated carbon as particle electrode, the effects of p H value, reaction temperature, electrolysis time and current on residual concentration of total organic carbon(TOC) were discussed in detail. The optimal conditions were obtained: pH 2.5, influent flow rate of 200 mL/min, 25 °C, 300 mA and 2h of electrolysis time, and the removal efficiency of TOC maintains at 35.57 %. The results of the electrochemical method indicate that ·OH radicals are produced in activated carbon anode in the electrolysis process and then adsorbed on the activated carbon surface. Microcell consists of ·OH radicals and the absorbed lignin. With the microcell reaction, the lignin is degraded, while the anodic polarized curve illustrates that the lignin is obviously oxidized in the anode. The contributions of direct and indirect electrolyses to the TOC removal ratio are about 50%, respectively.

Equation of State for Neutralino Star as a Form of Cold Dark Matter

In order to study the structure of neutralino star and dark galaxy, we consider dynamical interactions due to boson-exchange in the neutralino matter. Taking into account interactions of neutralinos with bosons, we derive the equation of state （EOS） of neutralino stars in terms of the relativistic mean-field approach. Then we apply the resulting EOS to investigate properties of the neutralino star such as its density profile and mass limit. For example, if the neutralino mass is around 1 TeV, the Oppenheimer mass limit of the neutralino star is obtained as 6.06 ×10^-7 M⊙, and the corresponding radius is about 7.8 mm. Actually, due to an increasing annihilation rate as indicated by our calculation, this dense state can never be realized in practice. Our results also show that the low-density neutralino star may be a possible aggregation of the cold dark matter.

Impact of nonlinear processes on formation of the Kuroshio large meander path in a barotropic inflow-outflow model

Based on a barotropic inflow-outflow model,we examine the formation of the Kuroshio large meander(LM) using conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation(CNOP) method.Both linear and nonlinear evolutions of such perturbations obtained by this method are investigated.The results show that the nonlinear evolution can result in the Kuroshio transition from a straight to LM path,whereas the linear evolution cannot.This implies that nonlinearity plays an important role in the formation of the Kuroshio LM path.The nonlinearity exists as advection in the evolution equations of the perturbation derived from the barotropic inflow-outflow model,namely the nonlinear advection of the perturbation by the perturbation(NAPP).By examining the role of this nonlinearity,we find that the NAPP tends to move the cyclonic eddy induced by the CNOP-type perturbation westward.Together with the beta effect,this offsets part of the eastward advection caused by the interaction between the perturbation and the background flow.Hence,the eastward movement of the cyclonic eddy is significantly weakened,effectively causing the eddy to develop.The sufficient evolution of this cyclonic eddy leads to the formation of the Kuroshio LM.

Dark Energy Accretion onto a Black Hole in an Expanding Universe

By using the solution describing a black hole embedded in the FLRW universe,we obtain the evolvingequation of the black hole mass expressed in terms of the cosmological parameters.The evolving equation indicates thatin the phantom dark energy universe the black hole mass becomes zero before the Big Rip is reached.

Noncommutative Inspired Reissner-Nordstrm Black Holes in Large Extra Dimensions

Recently, a new noncommutative geometry inspired solution of the coupled Einstein Maxwell field equations including black holes in 4-dimension is found. In this paper, we generalize some aspects of this model to the Reissner Nordstrom （RN） like geometries with large extra dimensions. We discuss Hawking radiation process based on noncommutative inspired solutions. In this framework, existence of black hole remnant and possibility of its detection in LHC are investigated.

Black Pine Afforestations in Abruzzo （Central Italy）： Perspectives and Management

In Italy, the hydro-geological protection of the Apennine territories is a well-known issue. For this reason, at the end of the 19th century, a new reforestation technique was proposed by the Inspector of Forest Service, Pietro Montanari to cope with difficult soil conditions of the mountain areas. This new approach was the first application of the so-called ＂gradoni＂ （small terraces） method of soil preparation. Each ＂gradone＂ was 100-120 cm wide and made with a slight counter slope （ca 10-15 degrees） to promote the accumulation of water and organic matter. Along each ＂gradone＂, bare root black pine seedlings （Pinus nigra Am.） were planted at a distance of 1 m from each other with a density of more than 3,000/ha. Nowadays, 19,158 hectares of black pine forests are growing in the Apennine of the Abruzzi region, largely resulting from those reforestation projects realized since the beginning of the 20th century. A case study of Monte Plaia （42°00′ 12″ N 13°53′39″ E）, that illustrates the situation after 70-110 years in consequence of lacking of silvicultural treatment and the application of aforest restoration method is presented.