外源性牙面黑色素沉着(Extrinsic black tooth stain,EBS)是沉积在牙齿上不连续的黑点或黑褐色条带,是一种特殊的菌斑,机械清除后很容易复发。其病因包括细菌,宿主和饮食,近年来关于EBS和铁代谢的研究日益增多。有研究显示EBS可能和微...外源性牙面黑色素沉着(Extrinsic black tooth stain,EBS)是沉积在牙齿上不连续的黑点或黑褐色条带,是一种特殊的菌斑,机械清除后很容易复发。其病因包括细菌,宿主和饮食,近年来关于EBS和铁代谢的研究日益增多。有研究显示EBS可能和微生态失调有关,发现的主要致病菌包括产黑色素类厌氧杆菌和放线菌。EBS患者的唾液具有较高的钙浓度和较强的缓冲能力,食用富含色素和铁的食物会促进EBS的产生。喷砂治疗是目前报道的机械清洁EBS有效且损伤较小的方法,此外,还可以结合化学、光疗、乳铁蛋白和益生菌微生物疗法治疗和减少EBS复发。展开更多
Background: Melanotic pigmentations in scars consecutive to the excision of melanocytic tumours can be secondary to a reactive phenomenon related to the scar tissue or to a recurrence of the melanocytic lesion excised...Background: Melanotic pigmentations in scars consecutive to the excision of melanocytic tumours can be secondary to a reactive phenomenon related to the scar tissue or to a recurrence of the melanocytic lesion excised in the first case. Recurrent naevi may sometimes adopt unusual features that make them difficult to differentiate from a melanoma. Objectives: To describe the clinical, dermoscopic and histological features of melanotic pigmentations in scars consecutive to the excision of melanocytic tumours, and to correlate the histological diagnosis with the dermoscopic features. Methods: This was a prospective cohortstudy using macrophotography, dermoscopy and histopatho- logical study. Ninety-five melanotic pigmentations (77 patients) in scars secondary to the excision of melanocytic tumours were prospectively collected in the Department of Dermatology at the Instituto Valenciano de Oncologa in Valencia, Spain. Histopathological study was performed in 57 scars. Results: Thirteen dermoscopic structures were identified. Four criteria allowed a differentiation between reactive and specific melanocytic pigmentations. Presence of globules and presence of heterogeneous pigmentation were features associated with specific melanocytic pigmentations (P < 0.0001). Presence of a regular network and presence of streaks weremore frequently found in reactive pigmentations (P = 0.023 and 0.026, respectively). Conclusions: Dermoscopic examination of melanotic pigmentations in excision scars of melanocytic tumours provides useful information about the origin of that pigmentation. Based on such information, recurrent naevi can be differentiated from reactive pigmentations in most cases. Excision and histopathological diagnosis continue to be imperative in some cases of recurrent naevi with atypical clinical features.展开更多
文摘外源性牙面黑色素沉着(Extrinsic black tooth stain,EBS)是沉积在牙齿上不连续的黑点或黑褐色条带,是一种特殊的菌斑,机械清除后很容易复发。其病因包括细菌,宿主和饮食,近年来关于EBS和铁代谢的研究日益增多。有研究显示EBS可能和微生态失调有关,发现的主要致病菌包括产黑色素类厌氧杆菌和放线菌。EBS患者的唾液具有较高的钙浓度和较强的缓冲能力,食用富含色素和铁的食物会促进EBS的产生。喷砂治疗是目前报道的机械清洁EBS有效且损伤较小的方法,此外,还可以结合化学、光疗、乳铁蛋白和益生菌微生物疗法治疗和减少EBS复发。
文摘Background: Melanotic pigmentations in scars consecutive to the excision of melanocytic tumours can be secondary to a reactive phenomenon related to the scar tissue or to a recurrence of the melanocytic lesion excised in the first case. Recurrent naevi may sometimes adopt unusual features that make them difficult to differentiate from a melanoma. Objectives: To describe the clinical, dermoscopic and histological features of melanotic pigmentations in scars consecutive to the excision of melanocytic tumours, and to correlate the histological diagnosis with the dermoscopic features. Methods: This was a prospective cohortstudy using macrophotography, dermoscopy and histopatho- logical study. Ninety-five melanotic pigmentations (77 patients) in scars secondary to the excision of melanocytic tumours were prospectively collected in the Department of Dermatology at the Instituto Valenciano de Oncologa in Valencia, Spain. Histopathological study was performed in 57 scars. Results: Thirteen dermoscopic structures were identified. Four criteria allowed a differentiation between reactive and specific melanocytic pigmentations. Presence of globules and presence of heterogeneous pigmentation were features associated with specific melanocytic pigmentations (P < 0.0001). Presence of a regular network and presence of streaks weremore frequently found in reactive pigmentations (P = 0.023 and 0.026, respectively). Conclusions: Dermoscopic examination of melanotic pigmentations in excision scars of melanocytic tumours provides useful information about the origin of that pigmentation. Based on such information, recurrent naevi can be differentiated from reactive pigmentations in most cases. Excision and histopathological diagnosis continue to be imperative in some cases of recurrent naevi with atypical clinical features.
