Micromorphology of glandular hairs on the leaves of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia triloba L. was investigated by light microscopy. We noticed similiarity and variation between the two species regarding morpholo...Micromorphology of glandular hairs on the leaves of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia triloba L. was investigated by light microscopy. We noticed similiarity and variation between the two species regarding morphology of glandular trichomes. Two main types of glandular trichomes were identified on both species： peltate and capitate. Peltate trichomes consisted of a basal cell, one stalk cell and a large multisecretory head in S. officinalis L. In S. triloba L. peltate trichomes posses a basal cell, a short unicellular stalk, and a large secretory head with 8 secretory cells. In Salvia officinalis L., four types of capitate trichomes have been distinguished. Five types of capitate trichomes have been found in Salvia triloba L. The fifth type of capitate trichome, called digitiform trichome was found in S. triloba L. This determined interspecific diversity between the two Salvia species.展开更多
Aims Adaptive convergence in floral phenotype among plants sharing a pollinator guild has been acknowledged in the concept of pollination syndrome.However,many plants display traits associated with a given syndrome,bu...Aims Adaptive convergence in floral phenotype among plants sharing a pollinator guild has been acknowledged in the concept of pollination syndrome.However,many plants display traits associated with a given syndrome,but are visited by multiple pollinators.This situation may indicate the beginning of a pollinator shift or may result in a stable situation with adaptations to different pollinators.In Salvia stachydifolia,a previous study suggested that flower shape is optimized to maximize the contribution to pollination of bees and hummingbirds.Here,we studied three additional aspects of its floral biology:sexual phases,nectar dynamics and breeding system,and examined their connection with pollinators’behaviour to explore the presence of adaptations to bee and/or hummingbird pollination.Methods Using a greenhouse population,we applied five pollination treatments to characterize breeding system.To determine sexual phases,we recorded flower opening,anther dehiscence,corolla fall and stigma receptivity.Additionally,we characterized nectar volume and concentration dynamics along the day.Finally,to determine pollinator assemblage and visitation patterns,we performed field observations and recorded pollinators’behaviour.Important Findings Salvia stachydifolia was partially protandrous and self-compatible,but open-pollinated plants attained the highest reproductive success,suggesting that reproduction is mainly dependent on pollinator activity.Bombus opifex bumblebees were the most frequent visitors,but Sappho sparganura hummingbirds dominated visits early in the morning and at dusk.Nectar was typical of bumblebee pollination.We suggest that the bee–hummingbird mixed visitation constitutes an unstable evolutionary situation,making S.stachydifolia an ideal system to understand the ecological circumstances in which pollination shifts occur.展开更多
文摘Micromorphology of glandular hairs on the leaves of Salvia officinalis L. and Salvia triloba L. was investigated by light microscopy. We noticed similiarity and variation between the two species regarding morphology of glandular trichomes. Two main types of glandular trichomes were identified on both species： peltate and capitate. Peltate trichomes consisted of a basal cell, one stalk cell and a large multisecretory head in S. officinalis L. In S. triloba L. peltate trichomes posses a basal cell, a short unicellular stalk, and a large secretory head with 8 secretory cells. In Salvia officinalis L., four types of capitate trichomes have been distinguished. Five types of capitate trichomes have been found in Salvia triloba L. The fifth type of capitate trichome, called digitiform trichome was found in S. triloba L. This determined interspecific diversity between the two Salvia species.
基金This study was supported by Fondo para la Investigacion Cientffica y Tecnoldgica(FONCyT)grant PICT 2017-2196 to S.B.V.and by FONCyT grant PICT-2018-03192 to F.S.
文摘Aims Adaptive convergence in floral phenotype among plants sharing a pollinator guild has been acknowledged in the concept of pollination syndrome.However,many plants display traits associated with a given syndrome,but are visited by multiple pollinators.This situation may indicate the beginning of a pollinator shift or may result in a stable situation with adaptations to different pollinators.In Salvia stachydifolia,a previous study suggested that flower shape is optimized to maximize the contribution to pollination of bees and hummingbirds.Here,we studied three additional aspects of its floral biology:sexual phases,nectar dynamics and breeding system,and examined their connection with pollinators’behaviour to explore the presence of adaptations to bee and/or hummingbird pollination.Methods Using a greenhouse population,we applied five pollination treatments to characterize breeding system.To determine sexual phases,we recorded flower opening,anther dehiscence,corolla fall and stigma receptivity.Additionally,we characterized nectar volume and concentration dynamics along the day.Finally,to determine pollinator assemblage and visitation patterns,we performed field observations and recorded pollinators’behaviour.Important Findings Salvia stachydifolia was partially protandrous and self-compatible,but open-pollinated plants attained the highest reproductive success,suggesting that reproduction is mainly dependent on pollinator activity.Bombus opifex bumblebees were the most frequent visitors,but Sappho sparganura hummingbirds dominated visits early in the morning and at dusk.Nectar was typical of bumblebee pollination.We suggest that the bee–hummingbird mixed visitation constitutes an unstable evolutionary situation,making S.stachydifolia an ideal system to understand the ecological circumstances in which pollination shifts occur.
