鼻病研究细胞培养实验室“1+2”教学培训模式的效果分析

目的探讨鼻病研究细胞培养实验室“1+2”教学培训模式在实践应用上的效果分析。方法选取2020~2023年4年间进入鼻病细胞培养实验室的研究生为研究对象,将2020~2021年进入鼻病细胞培养实验室的研究生33人纳入对照组,2022~2023年进入鼻病细胞培养实验室的研究生33人纳入实验组。对照组研究生采用常规实验室老师培训模式;实验组研究生采用“1+2”教学培训模式,即在线上培训交流基础上,结合实践培训模式(导师制模式+实验室制模式)。比较两组研究生理论知识考核、实验常规操作行为评估、实践操作考核及培训效果调查的差异。结果实验组研究生的理论知识考核成绩、实践操作考核成绩明显高于对照组(P均<0.001),且实验组研究生的细胞复苏、细胞传代、细胞冻存、仪器设备正确使用、实验室使用流程、实验器材的消毒灭菌、实验过程中的无菌操作得分均高于对照组(P均<0.05)。实验组研究生8项实验常规操作错误行为较对照组均明显减少(P均<0.05)。实验组研究生在实验室安全培训效果、实验室考核制度效果、培训后解决实践问题的能力、培训对提升综合能力的作用、整体满意度方面评分均高于对照组(P均<0.05)。结论“1+2”教学培训模式,可提升鼻病研究细胞培养实验室研究生的理论知识、细胞培养技术熟练度和整体实践能力,可促进鼻科学研究中细胞培养实验室的教学质量提升。

Advance in the Studies on Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Paranasal Sinuses

Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (SCNEC) of the paranasal sinuses is extremely rare,with an unclear pathogenesis.The presence of neuroendocrine granules is suggestive of neuroendocrine differentiation.It was reported that this disease relates to the presence of accessory salivary glands,and some basic research has shown that it might originate from the multi-potent stem cells.There are no specific clinical symptoms but rhinal and ophthalmological symptoms are found in most cases.Diagnosis mainly depends on histopathological manifestations,immunohistochemical results and features of the electron microscopic ultra-structure.Pathological differentiation from poorly differentiated squamous carcinoma,melanoma,esthesioneuroblastoma and neuroglioma etc.is needed.No unified regimen has been employed in treating the disease.At present,combined therapy has a manifest therapeutic effect,such as success with the 2003 French regimen.Tumor relapse is common and prognosis is poor.A complete combined treatment plan will be helpful to improve the prognosis.