浅议沙河市应征适龄青年ALT、BUN和Cr生物参考区间

目的：对应征适龄青年血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、尿素（U）和肌酐（CRE）参考区间进行评估。方法：对371名适龄青年血清ALT、U和CRE进行测定，并与国防动员部和全国临床检验操作规程所提供的参考区间进行比较，探讨其实用价值。结果：ALT、U和CRE测定结果为偏态分布，适龄青年血清ALT、U和CRE参考区间分别为7-44U／L、2．63、15．32mmol／L和47-07umol／L。结论：应该建立本地适龄青年血清ALT、U和CRE的参考区间，供征兵时参考。

Optically stimulated luminescence dating of young glacial sediments from the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Poor bleaching is a significant problem for Optically Stimulated Luminescence(OSL) dating of glacial sediments. Five young glacial samples(including two modern analogues) from different depositional settings were collected beyond the Yingpu Glacier in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. De was determined using different OSL methods. The luminescence characteristics and dating results showed that the large aliquot quartz Blue Stimulated Luminescence(BSL) is more applicable than polymineral infrared stimulated luminescence(IRSL) method. Small aliquot quartz BSL results showed poor luminescence properties due to low luminescence sensitivity of quartz in this area. The dating results also indicated that glaciofluvial samples deposited close to ice margin(~40 m and ~700 m) and supraglacial debris dominated lateral moraine samples are relatively well-bleached, whereas samples from ground moraine and low terminal moraine were poorly bleached, probably due to containing subglacial and englacial debris. The residual doses of glaciofluvial and lateral moraine crest samples were below a few Gy and age overestimations were below a few hundred years. The ground moraine and low terminal moraine samples had residual doses as high as ~110 Gy, and ages were overestimated by ~15-17 ka.

The relative age effect has no influence on match outcome in youth soccer

Purpose： In age-restricted youth sport, the over-selection of athletes born in the first quarter of the year and under-selection of athletes born in the last quarter of the year has been called the relative age effect （RAE）. Its existence in youth sports like soccer is well established. Why it occurs has not been identified, however, one thought is that older players, generally taller and heavier, are thought to improve the team＇s chances of winning. To test this assumption, birth dates and match outcome were correlated to see if teams with the oldest mean age had a systematic advantage against teams with younger mean ages. Methods： Player birth dates and team records （n = 5943 players on 371 teams; both genders; U11-U16） were obtained from the North Carolina Youth Soccer Association for the highest level of statewide youth competition. Results： The presence of an RAE was demonstrated with significant oversampling from players born in the I st vs. the 4th quarter （overall： 29.6% vs. 20.9% respectively, p 〈 0.0001）. Mean team age was regressed on match outcomes （winning %, points/match, points/goal, and goals for, against, and goal difference）, but there was no evidence of any systematic influence of mean team age and match outcomes, except possibly in U11 males. Conclusion： Selecting players based on physical maturity （and subsequently, on age） does not appear to have any systematic influence on match outcome or season record in youth soccer suggesting that the selection process should be focused on player ability and not on physical maturation.

BLOOD PRESSURE CHANGE WITH AGE IN SALT-SENSITIVE TEENAGERS

Objective To observe blood pressure change with age in salt-sensitive teenagers whose salt sensitivity were determined by repeated testing. Methods Salt sensitivity was determined through intravenous infusion of normal saline combined with volume-depletion by oral diuretic furosemide in 55 teenagers. After five years, salt sensitivity was re-examined and subject blood pressure was followed up. Blood pressure changes in salt-sensitive teenagers were compared to that of non-salt sensitive teenagers over five years. Results After 5 years, the repetition rate of salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading is 92.7%. In teena-gers with salt sensitivity on the baseline, both the systolic blood pressure increments and increment rates were much higher than non-salt sensitive teenagers (12.7±12.1 mmHg vs. 2.8 ±5.2 mmHg, P< 0.01; 12.2% ±12.0% vs. 2.5% ±4.4%, P< 0.001, respectively). There was a similar trend for diastolic blood pressure (8.4 ±6.4 mmHg vs. 3.7 ±6.4 mmHg, P= 0.052; 13.2% ±10.6 % vs. 6.8% ±10.1%, P= 0.053, respectively). Conclusions Salt sensitivity determined by intravenous saline loading showed good reproducibility. Blood pressure increments with age were much higher in salt-sensitive teenagers than non-salt sensitive teenagers, especially in terms of systolic blood pressure.

The Impact of Life Satisfaction on Chronological Age, Cognitive Age and Ideal Age

Using a sample of 655 individuals from 15-year olds to 79-year olds, the present research found that teenagers want to be older than their age and older people above 20-24 want to be younger than their age. Furthermore, life satisfaction has a major impact on the age people want to be in crises years, before the age of 40, 50, 60 and 70. Those with high life satisfaction more than those with low life satisfaction tend to have a more realistic ideal age, that is, closer to their actual age.

Height centile curve for child and adolescents in Shaanxi province

Objective: It has been recommended that age-related centile curves of anthropometric indexes(such as height, weight) be used rountinly to evaluate the growth and development statues in children. Presented here is the age-related height centile curves for children aged 0-18 years in Shaanxi, China,1995. Methods: Data of the Shaanxi population were retrieved from The Third Nationwide Growth Survey to construct the age-related height centile curves. The LMS method was used for curve fitting; all analyses were carried out on the basis of different sexes through a special program for LMS(λ-median-coefficient) method which was devised by Cole TJ. Results: Centile curves for boys and girls, showing similar age-related features but girls'puberty coming two years earlier than boys'. The period of puberty growth increment was about 2 years longer for boys. At age 18, boys were taller than girls for about 14 cm. Compared with height standard of NCHS(national center of health statistics), Shaanxi children were taller than American children before 14 years for boys, 12 years for girls, but after 15 years for boys and 13 years for girls, Shaanxi children were shorter than American ones. At age 18, Shaanxi children was 5.6 cm for boys and 4.9 cm for girls shorter than NCHS. Shaanxi children's height increase range from 1958 to 1995 at the same age was 4.9-15.1 cm ,with the mean of 9.59 cm for boys, and 3.7-12.5 cm, with the mean of 8.38 cm for girls. Between 1958-1995, the increasing velocity every ten years were 2.57 cm for boys and 2.26 cm for girls, which indicated that the children have reached the optimum. Conclusion: By means of LMS method, we constructed age-related height centile curves for Shaanxi children aged 0-18 years, these height centile curves are the first one for the Chinese children. It can be used as a reference for assessing growth and development status of Shaanxi children aged 0-18 years.

Palynomorph assemblages from the Fenghuoshan Group,southern Qinghai,China:their age and palaeoenvironmental significance

The varicoloured Fenghuoshan Group occurs widely in the Qiangtang-Hoh Xil region of the northern Qinghai-Xizang Plateau. Few fossils have been found to date in this sedimentary succession because lithological conditions are not conducive to their preservation. As a result, there has been a long-term disagreement among geologists about its age. Despite a few lists of fossil names in individual publi- cations, no detailed research on the palaeontology, including palynology, has been reported previously. In this study, we recovered many pollen grains and spores from two samples that were collected on the northern slope of Fenghuo Moun- tain. They indicate an age no younger than Maastrichtian for the upper part of the Fenghuoshan Group. It is considered likely that the entire Fenghuoshan Group represents deposi- tion between the late Early Cretaceous （possibly Albian） and the Maastrichtian. The palynoflora consists mainly of angio- sperm pollen, gymnosperm pollen and fern and bryophyte spores being subordinate. Pollen grains referable to the Ephedrales and the Taxaceae-Cupressaceae groups dominate the assemblage, implying a warm, arid climate and subtropical forest-shrub vegetation at the time of deposition.