槐叶和龙爪槐叶中芦丁的薄层鉴别

目的:建立槐叶和龙爪槐叶中有效成分芦丁及其苷元槲皮素的定性鉴别方法。方法:采用薄层色谱法,以醋酸乙酯-甲酸-水(8:1:1)为展开剂,展开;以三氯化铝和碘蒸气显色后进行定性鉴别。结果:槐叶和龙爪槐叶中均含与槐花中相同的有效成分芦丁及其苷元槲皮素。结论:该方法可用于槐叶和龙爪槐叶的定性鉴别。

薄层扫描法测定龙爪槐叶中的芦丁含量

目的 建立薄层扫描法测定龙爪槐槐叶中芦丁含量的方法。方法 取龙爪槐叶干品 ,用乙醚提取 ,弃去醚层后 ,用甲醇提取 ,用薄层扫描法测定芦丁的含量。结果 芦丁呈现良好的线性关系 ,平均回收率为97.3% ,RSD为 1.9%。结论 本法适用于龙爪槐槐叶中芦丁的测定。

龙爪槐叶中黄酮醇苷元成分的研究

目的建立高效液相色谱法，同时测定龙爪槐叶中主要黄酮醇苷元成分槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素的含量，考察其含量在不同生长期的变化规律。方法选取不同时间点采摘龙爪槐叶，甲醇连续提取，水解后用高效液相色谱法测定槲皮素、山柰酚和异鼠李素的含量。结果龙爪槐叶中含有与银杏叶相似的黄酮醇苷元成分，含量高于银杏叶；其中槲皮素含量最高、山柰酚次之、异鼠李素含量最低。三者含量都表现出随不同生长期变化的规律，以4．5月份最高，以后逐渐降低。结论龙爪槐叶含有丰富的黄酮醇类化合物，不同生长期其含量有所变化，最佳槐叶采摘时间为4、5月份。

紫外-可见分光光度法测定龙爪槐叶中总黄酮含量

目的建立龙爪槐叶中总黄酮质量控制的方法。方法龙爪槐叶粉碎后,置索氏提取器中,甲醇连续提取,低温放置24 h以上,过滤去除叶绿素及杂质,滤液即为提取液。以芦丁为标准,亚硝酸钠-硝酸铝-氢氧化钠显色,采用紫外-可见分光光度法测定总黄酮含量,测定波长为500 nm。结果芦丁的线性范围为8～48μg·ml-1,回归方程:A=10.7318 C-0.0514,r=0.9991,平均回收率为94.85%,RSD=1.84%。结论龙爪槐叶甲醇提取后直接测定总黄酮含量,方法简便,结果准确,可用于龙爪槐叶总黄酮的质量控制。

Study on the Inhibitory Effect of Sophora japonica Extracts against the Growth of Microcystis aeruginosa

[Objective] The research aimed to discuss the inhibitory effect of Sophora japonica extracts against the growth of Microcystis aeruginosa.[Method] The inhibitory effect of extracted liquid of Sophora japonica leaf against the growth of M.aeruginosa was measured.Moreover,the active component was studied and analyzed initially.[Result] The absolute alcohol extract of Sophora japonica leaf was separated by n-hexane,ethyl acetate,n-butanol and water phases in turn.The polar fractions were found being the majority （〉60%）.The non-polar fraction in n-nexane （about 25%） was found significantly inhibiting the growth of M.aeruginosa.The inhibition rates of fraction in n-hexane at the concentrations of 25 and 50 mg/L against M.aeruginosa in 7 d were higher than 75% and 90% respectively.In addition,chlorophyll a of M.aeruginosa was also destroyed in the presence of the hexane fraction.[Conclusion] The research provided the theoretical basis for preventing and controlling the water bloom of M.aeruginosa.

DNA的粗提取与鉴定实验材料的选择及实验步骤的改进

以鲜茼蒿叶、鲜芍药叶、鲜芹菜叶、鲜枣树叶、干枣树叶、鲜龙爪槐叶、鲜月季叶等多种常见植物叶片为材料进行了DNA的粗提取与鉴定试验,并对实验条件、步骤进行改进。结果表明:鲜龙爪槐叶、鲜月季叶,实验现象十分明显。