Histopathological changes in retinas and F-ERG features of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with ozone

AIM： To study the histopathological changes in the retina and flash electroretinogram （F-ERG） features of ozone-treated streptozotocin （STZ）-induced diabetic rats. METHODS： Seventy male Sprague Dawley rats were grouped as follows： blank group （GB, n=10）, model control group （GM, n=18）, ozone group （GOs, n=19）, and oxygen group （GO2, n=18）. The model was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of STZ. Ozone or oxygen enteroclysm was given twice per week for 4wk. F-ERG and histopathological examinations were performed one month after treatment. RESULTS： Under dark adaption, as compared to GB, the other groups each had differential decreases in the a-wave amplitudes （P〈0.05）; the latencies were delayed in GM, GO2, and GO3 rats （P〈0.05）. Similar results were observed under light adaption, with the exception that the a-wave of the amplitudes （F=0.28, P〉0.05）. There were significant differences in the apoptosis index among the groups （P〈0.05）. Under ozone treatment, apoptosis was decreased in GO3 as compared to GM and GO2 . CONCLUSION： Ozone administration alleviates nerve damage and reduces pathology and apoptosis in the retinas of diabetic rats.

Amoxicillin–clavulanic acid induced sperm abnormalities and histopathological changes in mice

Objective: To explore the genotoxic potential and histopathological changes induced in liver, kidney, testis, brain and heart after using the antibiotic drug amoxicillin/clavulanic acid(4:1).Methods: The study included chromosomal aberration analysis in bone-marrow and mouse spermatocytes, induction of sperm morphological abnormalities and histopathological changes in different body organs. The drug was administrated orally at a dose of81 mg/kg body weight twice daily(Total = 162 mg/kg/day) for various periods of time equivalent to 625 mg/men(twice daily).Results: The results revealed non-significant chromosomal aberrations induced after treatment with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid(AC) in both bone marrow and mouse spermatocytes after 7 and 10 days treatment. On the other hand, statistically significant percentages of sperm morphological abnormalities were recorded. Such percentage reached 8.10 ± 0.55, 9.86 ± 0.63 and 12.12 ± 0.58 at the three time intervals tested(7, 14 and 35 days after the 1 st treatment respectively)(treatment performed for 5 successive days) compared with 2.78 ± 0.48 for the control. The results also revealed histopathological changes in different body organs after AC treatment which increased with the prolongation of the period of therapy. Congestion of central vain, liver hemorrhage and hydropic changes in hepatocytes were noticed in the liver. Degenerative changes were found in kidney glomerulus and tubules while testis showed atrophy of seminiferous tubules, and reduction of spermatogenesis. AC also induced neurotoxicity and altered brain neurotransmitter levels. Hemorrhage in the myocardium, disruption of cardiac muscle fibers and pyknotic nuclei in cardiomyocytes were recorded as side effects of AC in heart tissue.Conclusions: The results concluded that AC treatment induced sperm morphological abnormalities and histopathological changes in different body organs. Clinicians must be aware of such results while describing the drug.

Histopathological Changes in the Epidermis of the Air Breathing Catfish Heteropneustes fossilis Exposed to Sublethal Concentration of Mercuric Chloride

Histopathological alterations induced by the sublethal concentration of (0.03 ppm) mercuric chloride solution on the epidermis of the fresh-water catfish Heteropneuates fossilis have been studied. It induces slow but significant histopathological changes in the various cellular components of the epidermis. It induces vacuolization, necrosis and pycnosis of the nuclei of the epithelial cells which subsequently shed. Loosening of epithelial cells of the outermost and middle layers following degeneration of the intercellular material and widened intercellular spaces is another important alteration. Prolonged mercury treatment also causes a gradual decrease in staining intensity for sulphated glycosaminoglycans in the outer border of the most superficial layer epithelial cells. The glandular elements (club cells and mucocytes) also get affected, showing cyclic degeneration followed by regeneration.

Immune Responses and Histopathological Changes in Rabbits Immunized with Inactivated SARS Coronavirus

To evaluate the immunogenicity of inactivated SARS coronavirus(SARS-CoV),three groups of rabbits were immunized three times at 2-week intervals with inactivated vaccine + adjuvant,adjuvant,and normal saline respectively.Eight batchs of serum were sampled from the auricular vein at day 7 to day 51,and specific IgG antibody titers and neutralizing antibody titers were detected by indirect ELISA and micro-cytopathic effect neutralizing test.Antibody specificity was identified by proteinchip assay.Histopathological changes were detected by H&E staining.The results showed that,rabbits in the experimental group immunized with inactivated SARS-CoV all generated specific IgG antibodies with neutralizing activity,which suggested the inactivated SARS-CoV could preserve its antigenicity well and elicit an effective humoral immune responses.The peak titer value of specific IgG antibody and neutralizing antibody reached 1:40960 and 1:2560 respectively.In the experimental group,no obvious histopathological changes was detected in the H&E stained slides of heart,spleen,kidney and testis samples,but the livers had slight histopathological changes,and the lungs presented remarkable histopathological changes.These findings are of importance for SARS-CoV inactivated vaccine development.

Histopathological Effects of the Protein Toxin from Xenorhabdus nematophila on the Midgut of Helicoverpa armigera

Xenorhabdus nematophila HB310, which is highly virulent for many insects, is symbiotic with Steinernema carpocapsae HB310. Toxin II was obtained using methods such as salting out and native-PAGE from the cells of X. nematophila HB310. The histopathology of toxin II on H. armigera larvae was studied by dissecting an olefin slice of the midgut. The symptoms showed that the histopathology of the H. armigera midgut was similar to that of other novel midgut-active toxins such as the δ-endotoxins from Bacillus thuringiensis, as well as Tca from Photorhabdus luminescens W14. The midgut tissues of H. armigera fourth-instar larvae began to transform after the oral intake of the toxin Ⅱ over 6 h. First, the anterior region of the peritrophic membrane （PM） began to degrade followed by the elongation of the columnar cells. The epithelium decomposed gradually, and the midgut tissues were either loose or disordered. The PM disappeared after 12 h but reappeared after 72 h following transient or sublethal exposure to the toxin Ⅱ. Toxin Ⅱ also directly destroyed in vitro PMs of H. armigera.

Effect of Zinc Sulfate against the Red Palm Weevil Rhynchophorus ferrugineus with Reference to Their Histological Changes on the Larval Midgut and Adult Reproductive System

The red palm weevil Rhynchophorusferrugineus is the most important insect pest for the date palm trees in the Middle East and Gulf states. Zinc sulfate （ZnSOa＇H20） was toxicologically, biologically and physiologically evaluated as insect development disruptors against the RPW. LCs0 of Zinc sulfate against 10 days old larvae was 0.566%, 3% concentration inhibited the larvae from feeding. LCs0 concentration of zinc sulfate solution was capable to disrupting growth, development and reproduction of R. ferrugineus. Growth and development disruptions are resulted from larval feeding on the treated diet that causing percentage of mortality rate, retardation in larval and pupal duration, percentage of pupation, adults emergence, reduction in deposited eggs that laid by the resulting adults and in the egg fertility. The study further reveals that Zinc sulfate effects on histological structure of epithelial cells of the larval midgut including separation and elongation of their cells, rupture in the peritrophic membrane and in some microvilli and some degeneration of the surrounding muscles. Histological changes also was observed on the adults ovary, in this way, disrupt female gamete production through their action on the accumulation of yolk granules （vitellogenesis） and follicular epithelial cells. Disruption of male gamete production was detected by disorganized of testicular cysts and depopulation of these cysts in addition to degeneration in germ cells. Zinc sulfate may be used among other control methods by injection into the tree trunk or as fertilizer around the tree roots which in turn may have an indirect effect for controlling the RPW.

A huge adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas with sarcomatoid change:An unusual case report

Adenosquamous carcinoma rarely occurs in the pancreas,and is characterized by the presence of cellular components from both duct adenocarcinoma and squamous carcinoma.Here,we describe a rare case of pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma with sarcomatous change.Immunohistochemistry showed that the sarcomatous lesion lost the epithelial marker and aberrantly expressed of acquired mesenchymal markers,which indicated that this special histological phenotype may be attributed to epithelial-mesenchymal transition.This case also indicated that a routine radical surgery without aggressive treatment strategies was still appropriate for adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas with sarcomatoid change.

Sodium Fluoride Induces Hepato-Renal Oxidative Stress and Pathophysiological Changes in Experimental Animals

The liver is a primary site for xenobiotics detoxification, and its metabolism is readily altered by toxicity. The kidney is a common target for toxic xenobiotics due to its capacity to extract and concentrate toxic substances by highly specialized cells. So, they are the target organs of sodium fluoride toxicity. The aim of this review is to highlight on hepatorenal oxidative stress and pathophysiological changes induced by treatment of experimental animals with sodium fluoride. Our review shows fluoride toxicosis caused an elevation in the serum activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, and the level of total bilirubin, and reduction in the serum levels of total protein, albumin, and globulins, and serious histopathological changes in the hepaic tissues. Also, NaF administration caused increases in serum urea, creatinine, uric acid, sodium ions, and chloride ions levels and serious histopathological changes in the kidney tissues. Treatment of experimental animals with NaF induced oxidative stress in hepatic and renal tissues. It can be concluded that administration of sodium fluoride to experimental animals induced oxidative stress, serious hepatorenal histopathological changes, and disturbance in liver and kidney functions. So, human should be advised to decrease exposure to sodium fluoride to decrease the harmful effects of NaF on liver and kidney.

Genotoxic and Histopathological Effects of Water Pollution on <i>Clarias gariepinus</i>Fish at Fayoum Governorate, Egypt

Increasing land reclamation in El-Fayoum governorate has led to increase the amount of drainage water that discharged without prior treatments to two main drains, El-Wadi and El-Bats drainages loaded by salts and heavy metals. So, the present investigation aims to evaluate quality of water samples collected from a branch of the river Nile (El-Lahon canal) and the main drains (El-Bats and El-Wadi) at Fayoum governorate on some biomarkers of the Nile catfish;Clarias gariepinus inhabiting the studied degradable aquatic habitats. Water and nighty fish samples colleted from the different studied sites of collection by the help of fishermen for physicochemical analyes of water and fish biochemical analyses and histopathological alteration. Results revealed highly significant differences at P ≤ 0.01 with the highest water ammonia, nitrite, heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb and Cd) and lowest dissolved oxygen content accompanied by metals bioaccumulation in vital organs of fish collected from the main drains (El-Bats and El-Wadi) in comparision with that collected from the studied branch of the river Nile. Higher bioaccumulation of the studied heavy metals in gills, liver, kidney and muscles of Clarias gariepinus collected from the main drains significant increase in serum glucose, liver and kidney functions, disturbance in protein profile of fish collected from the studied main drains than that of fish collected from the river Nile branch, El-Lahon that showed more or less normal values. Moreover, histopathological alterations in gills, liver, kidneys and clear DNA strand breaks in fish liver cells increased statistically in Clarias gariepinus collected from El-Fayoum drainage canals. Generally, the results highlights on the importance of taking action through the responsible authorities towards quality of the drainage water that fed fish farms by law that could play a role as a main source of protein for human beings.

Comparison of resistive index and shear-wave elastography in the evaluation of chronic kidney allograft dysfunction

BACKGROUND Detection of early chronic changes in the kidney allograft is important for timely intervention and long-term survival.Conventional and novel ultrasound-based investigations are being increasingly used for this purpose with variable results.AIM To compare the diagnostic performance of resistive index(RI)and shear wave elastography(SWE)in the diagnosis of chronic fibrosing changes of kidney allograft with histopathological results.METHODS This is a cross-sectional and comparative study.A total of 154 kidney transplant recipients were included in this study,which was conducted at the Departments of Transplantation and Radiology,Sindh Institute of Urology and Transplantation,Karachi,Pakistan,from August 2022 to February 2023.All consecutive patients with increased serum creatinine levels and reduced glomerular filtration rate(GFR)after three months of transplantation were enrolled in this study.SWE and RI were performed and the findings of these were evaluated against the kidney allograft biopsy results to determine their diagnostic utility.RESULTS The mean age of all patients was 35.32±11.08 years.Among these,126(81.8%)were males and 28(18.2%)were females.The mean serum creatinine in all patients was 2.86±1.68 mg/dL and the mean estimated GFR was 35.38±17.27 mL/min/1.73 m2.Kidney allograft biopsy results showed chronic changes in 55(37.66%)biopsies.The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value(PPV),and negative predictive value(NPV)of SWE for the detection of chronic allograft damage were 93.10%,96.87%%,94.73%,and 95.87%,respectively,and the diagnostic accuracy was 95.45%.For RI,the sensitivity,specificity,PPV,and NPV were 76.92%,83.33%,70.17%,and 87.62%,respectively,and the diagnostic accuracy was 81.16%.CONCLUSION The results from this study show that SWE is more sensitive and specific as compared to RI in the evaluation of chronic allograft damage.It can be of great help during the routine follow-up of kidney transplant recipients for screening and early detection of chronic changes and selecting patients for allograft biopsy.

土大黄对银屑病模型小鼠焦虑样行为学的影响

目的探讨土大黄对银屑病模型小鼠焦虑样行为学的影响。方法多次刺激复制焦虑小鼠模型,成功后用咪喹莫特乳膏涂抹小鼠背部脱毛区,以复制焦虑复合银屑病小鼠模型。将90只建模成功小鼠分为模型组(等体积生理盐水)、甲氨蝶呤组(1.3 mg/kg)、阿瑞匹坦组(5 mg/kg)及土大黄低、中、高剂量组(1,2,4 g/kg),各15只。各组小鼠灌胃相应药物或生理盐水,每天1次,连续15 d;另取15只小鼠设为正常对照组,无刺激,背部脱毛区涂抹凡士林,灌胃等体积生理盐水。取小鼠脑、心脏、肝脏、肾上腺、脾脏、胸腺,称定质量,并计算脏器系数;进行行为学实验;观察小鼠背部皮肤病理形态学,并进行评分。结果与模型组比较,阿瑞匹坦组、土大黄高剂量组小鼠肝脏系数及土大黄中剂量组小鼠肾脏系数均显著降低(P<0.05);土大黄各剂量组小鼠的中央区运动距离均显著延长,中央区/边缘区平均速率均显著提升,进入中央区次数均显著增加、潜伏期均显著延长(P<0.05);甲氨蝶呤组、阿瑞匹坦组及土大黄中、高剂量组小鼠新异臂、起始臂停留时间百分比均显著升高,其他臂停留时间百分比均显著降低(P<0.05);土大黄各剂量组小鼠真皮层及Baker评分,土大黄中、高剂量组小鼠表皮层评分,以及土大黄低、高剂量组小鼠角质层评分均显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,各给药组小鼠背部皮肤棘层增厚、角化不全及角化过度程度均减轻,未见明显表皮突延长及真皮乳头上移,且皮下炎性细胞浸润减少。结论土大黄不仅能缓解银屑病模型小鼠皮肤角质层、表皮层、真皮层损伤,同时能改善其焦虑、认知能力受损状态。

“调和致中”法针药结合治疗慢性萎缩性胃炎伴肠上皮化生的临床研究

目的观察“调和致中”法针药结合对慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)伴肠上皮化生(IM)的临床疗效及内镜下胃黏膜的影响。方法将80例CAG伴IM患者随机分为观察组和对照组各40例。观察组予“调和致中”针药结合治疗,对照组口服胃复春片。治疗前后及治疗结束后1年,对2组患者的中医症状、胃黏膜镜下征象、病理变化、临床疗效及复发情况进行比较。结果治疗后,2组患者的中医证候积分、黏膜征象积分、胃黏膜病理积分均较治疗前减少(P<0.05),观察组减少优于对照组(P<0.05);1年后随访,对照组胃脘胀满和/或疼痛与嗳气泛酸、呈颗粒(结节)状与糜烂、炎症与肠化积分与治疗前相比无明显差异(P>0.05),胃中嘈杂与饮食减少、黏膜皱襞、血管透见与出血积分较治疗前减少(P<0.05),且观察组中医证候积分、黏膜皱襞积分、炎症、肠化积分减少优于对照组(P<0.05);与对照组比,观察组总有效率更高、复发率更低(P<0.05)。结论对于CAG伴IM患者,“调和致中”针药结合能显著改善其临床症状,可在一定程度上延缓或逆转内镜下黏膜及病理表现,并能有效降低复发率。

亚甲基蓝对罗氏沼虾组织结构、抗氧化系统及免疫能力的影响

为保障亚甲基蓝在甲壳动物养殖中的安全使用,本研究以罗氏沼虾(Macrobrachium rosenbergii)为对象,采用半静水式方法开展急性毒性实验,并通过暴露和清水恢复实验,分析亚甲基蓝对罗氏沼虾组织结构、抗氧化系统及免疫能力的损伤。结果显示:水温25℃下,亚甲基蓝对罗氏沼虾的24、48、72和96 h半数致死浓度(LC 50)分别为209.7、54.7、6.1和2.8 mg/L,安全浓度为1.1 mg/L。1.4 mg/L亚甲基蓝暴露4 d后,罗氏沼虾肝胰腺、鳃和肠道组织出现病理损伤,肝胰腺组织中丙二醛(MDA)和过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))大量积累,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)的活性显著低于对照组,免疫相关基因热休克蛋白(HSP)表达水平显著升高,酚氧化酶原(proPO)、TOLL样受体(TLR)和凝集素(LEC)基因表达水平显著降低。转移至清水中养殖7 d后,肝胰腺组织中的MDA和H_(2)O_(2)含量,SOD、GSH-Px、AKP和ACP活性,以及免疫基因表达量恢复至对照组水平,但肝胰腺、鳃和肠组织的病理损伤并未完全恢复。

取食Cry3Aa蛋白后黄曲条跳甲成虫中肠组织的病理变化

为明确Cry3Aa蛋白对黄曲条跳甲成虫的致死效果及作用机理,采用浸叶法测定了黄曲条跳甲成虫取食Cry3Aa蛋白后的死亡情况,并利用透射电镜观察了Cry3Aa蛋白处理后成虫中肠组织的病理学变化。结果显示,取食浓度为2 mg/mL的Cry3Aa蛋白6 d和12 d后黄曲条跳甲成虫的死亡率分别为33.33%和77.78%;透射电镜观察发现,蛋白处理后成虫中肠发生了明显的病理变化,并且随着时间的延长,病理变化更加明显,主要表现为:柱状细胞变形、细胞间隙增大、微绒毛缩短并肿胀、线粒体变形、内质网肿胀。本研究表明黄曲条跳甲成虫中肠是Cry3Aa蛋白的重要作用部位,研究结果为揭示Cry3Aa蛋白对黄曲条跳甲成虫的作用机理奠定了基础。

加味八正散对慢性肾小球肾炎大鼠炎症因子及肾脏组织病理改变影响的实验研究

目的研究加味八正散对慢性肾小球肾炎(CGN)大鼠炎症因子及肾脏组织病理改变的影响。方法按照随机原则将90只大鼠分为6组:空白组,模型组,肾炎康复片组,加味八正散高、中、低剂量组。于实验开始前一日及处死大鼠前一日收集24 h尿液,检测尿蛋白定量。实验结束时,处死所有大鼠,用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)法检测肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、γ干扰素(IFN-γ)、白介素4(IL-4)、白介素6(IL-6)、白介素10(IL-10)的表达。处死大鼠时摘取肾脏行HE染色,光镜下观察大鼠肾脏病理改变并分级。结果造模前,各组24 h尿蛋白定量差别不大;治疗后,模型组24 h尿蛋白定量远高于空白组(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,肾炎康复片组和加味八正散高、中、低剂量组24 h尿蛋白定量均降低(P<0.05);与空白组相比,模型组血清中IFN-γ、TNF-α含量明显增加,IL-4、IL-6、IL-10含量明显下降(P<0.05);与模型组相比,肾炎康复片组和加味八正散高、中、低剂量组血清中IFN-γ、TNF-α含量都有所下降,而IL-4、IL-6、IL-10含量均明显上升(P<0.05)。空白组肾脏组织病理改变为0级,肾小球、肾小管形态正常,结构清晰,没有病理表现;模型组肾脏组织病理改变为Ⅲ级,可见明显的肾小管结构紊乱、肿胀、变性,大量炎性细胞浸润,肾小管上皮细胞脱落且基底膜增厚,上皮细胞变性坏死,出现明显的间质纤维化;肾炎康复片组肾脏组织病理改变为Ⅰ级,与模型组相比,肾小管炎性细胞浸润明显减轻,萎缩及纤维化程度改善;加味八正散低剂量组肾脏组织病理改变为Ⅱ级,与模型组相比,肾小管炎性细胞浸润程度稍有减轻,萎缩及纤维化程度得到改善,但有系膜区轻度增宽;加味八正散中剂量组肾脏组织病理改变为Ⅰ级,与模型组相比,肾小管炎性细胞浸润程度稍有减轻,萎缩及纤维化程度得到改善;加味八正散高剂量组肾脏组织病理改变为0级,与模型组相比,肾小球、肾小管形态结构基本恢复正常,肾小管无炎性细胞浸润,萎缩及纤维化程度明显改善。结论经加味八正散治疗后,肾小球肾炎大鼠24 h尿蛋白定量降低,说明加味八正散具有治疗效果,且高剂量组治疗效果最好;大鼠血清中TNF-α、IFN-γ含量下降,而IL-4、IL-6、IL-10含量升高,说明加味八正散对于慢性肾小球肾炎疗效较好,能够提高炎症介质水平,具有抗炎作用。同时减轻大鼠肾脏病理损伤,对肾脏具有保护作用。

取食转Bt基因水稻对稻纵卷叶螟幼虫中肠的组织病理学效应

利用透射电镜观察了稻纵卷叶螟Cnaphalocrocis medinalis(Guene)幼虫取食转Bt基因水稻后中肠的组织病理变化。结果表明:稻纵卷叶螟幼虫取食转cry1Ab基因水稻后,中肠上皮细胞的线粒体先发生形态变化,随连续取食时间的延长线粒体出现凝聚、内嵴稀疏、空泡化等,在后期还呈凝聚态随突起脱落或沿杯腔边沿单一排列。内质网的变化也很明显,病变过程中伴随着粗糙内质网的肿胀、核糖体脱落,粗糙内质网增多等现象。细胞核的变化较小,在处理后期出现细胞核拉长、核仁聚集等变化。组织病变程度不一,有的细胞在病变早期就出现了空泡化。

嗜线虫致病杆菌杀虫毒素对棉铃虫的中肠组织病理学研究

嗜线虫致病杆菌HB310菌株与小卷蛾斯氏线虫HB310共生,对多种昆虫均具有较高生物活性。本实验通过盐析和非变性凝胶电泳等方法从嗜线虫致病杆菌HB310菌株的细胞内分离纯化出具胃毒活性的蛋白毒素Ⅱ。经毒素Ⅱ处理的棉铃虫幼虫,中肠组织的病理学变化类似于发光杆菌Tca毒素和Btδ-内毒素。棉铃虫4龄幼虫口服毒素Ⅱ6h后中肠组织开始发生变化:首先围食膜前端破碎,中肠柱状细胞伸长;随着时间推移,12h后整个围食膜被破坏消失,中肠组织病变加重,肠壁细胞排列疏松混乱;随着毒素作用的逐渐减弱,处理72h后棉铃虫中肠围食膜又重新出现。毒素Ⅱ离体处理棉铃虫围食膜,同样可以导致围食膜破碎。

铜绿丽金龟和黄褐丽金龟幼虫感染Bt HBF-1菌株后的病症及中肠组织病理变化

研究了丽金龟科(Rutelidae)铜绿丽金龟Anomala corpulenta和黄褐丽金龟A.exoleta幼虫感染苏云金芽孢杆菌Bacillus thuringiensis HBF-1菌株后的病症,并采用组织切片的方法研究了感染HBF-1菌株后中肠的组织病理变化。结果表明:丽金龟科幼虫感染HBF-1菌株后,初期幼虫无明显感病症状,随着感染时间的延长,逐渐出现反应迟钝、麻痹、丧失条件反射能力等症状,最终虫体变黑、伸直或是收缩,直至死亡,时间稍长便会呈腐稠状。在相差显微镜下观察中肠组织切片发现,感染3d时,肠壁细胞出现变形及空洞;7d时,细胞破坏更加严重,甚至无法辨认细胞形状;10d时,肠壁细胞开始脱离底膜;新鲜死虫,肠壁细胞连同细胞内含物全部脱离,仅留底膜。

试验感染鸭病毒性肝炎雏鸭的组织病理学研究

对试验感染I型鸭肝炎病毒雏鸭的组织病理变化进行了观察 ,结果表明 :接毒后 1 2h ,肝、脾、肾及胰等器官组织主要表现为变性性变化 ;接毒后 2 4h ,则呈现明显的坏死性变化 ;接毒后 72h及 1 6 8h ,则出现较为明显的增生性反应。脑表现为非化脓性脑炎变化。肝、肾、脾及胰的超微结构研究表明 ,主要是组织细胞的膜系统及核结构的损伤。在肝细胞和脾细胞中有脂滴。

无色杆菌毒蛋白对菜粉蝶中肠的组织病理学影响

无色杆菌毒蛋白经口进入菜粉蝶幼虫体内 6、12、18、2 4h以后 ,菜粉蝶幼虫的中肠组织逐渐遭到破坏 ,开始有些肠壁细胞伸长 ,在顶端形成囊泡 ,以后囊泡和细胞核脱落进入肠腔 .处理后期临近死亡的幼虫中肠肠壁组织被严重破坏 ,仅残留基层细胞 ,并形成一些空腔 ,从而影响昆虫的正常取食 .