Three (2 + 1)-dimensional equations—Burgers equation, cylindrical Burgers equation and spherical Burgers equation, have been reduced to the classical Burgers equation by different transformation of variables respecti...Three (2 + 1)-dimensional equations—Burgers equation, cylindrical Burgers equation and spherical Burgers equation, have been reduced to the classical Burgers equation by different transformation of variables respectively. The decay mode solutions of the Burgers equation have been obtained by using the extended -expansion method, substituting the solutions obtained into the corresponding transformation of variables, the decay mode solutions of the three (2 + 1)-dimensional equations have been obtained successfully.展开更多
Objective: The objective of this randomized controlled trial study was to evaluate the education training in relation to lifestyle improvement in patients with type 2 diabetes through its influence in the levels of gl...Objective: The objective of this randomized controlled trial study was to evaluate the education training in relation to lifestyle improvement in patients with type 2 diabetes through its influence in the levels of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1 c), blood pressure, triglyceride, cholesterol levels, and body mass index(BMI).Methods: The study included patients with type 2 diabetes randomly selected from 20 residential areas in Tirana, Albania where family physicians provide services. The sample size in total was 200 patients in both groups(control and intervention). The education training(four sessions) was conducted by trained nursing staff for 6 months. Patients were screened for the biochemical profile before and after the intervention. To compare the groups with respect to the interest outcomes, the t-test was used. The value of P < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: There were 104 male patients and 96 female patients. The mean age was 54.9 ± 8.7. No significant differences were found between the study groups in relation to clinical and biochemical data before the education sessions. After the intervention, in the intervention group, the mean level of HbA1 c was significantly lower than the value in the control group(6.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.001) as well as for the mean values of BMI. The mean reduction(more than 15%) in HbA1 c after the intervention was 43% in the intervention group and 2% in the control group(OR = 36.9, P < 0.05). Differences in BMI, HbA1 c, triglycerides, and cholesterol were more significantly visible in the intervention group. However, the difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure values was almost the same(P > 0.05).Conclusions: The results of this study further support that the approach for education of patients with type 2 diabetes on changing lifestyle benefit the patient in controlling diabetes. It is believed that the establishment of diabetes education classes in health centers is an important investment in improving the management of type 2 diabetes.展开更多
Real-time atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging revealed for the first time, the detailed growth/dissolution mechanism of Lauryl glycol (LG) or 1, 2 dodecanediol molecules on HOPG at the nano-level after recrystallizi...Real-time atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging revealed for the first time, the detailed growth/dissolution mechanism of Lauryl glycol (LG) or 1, 2 dodecanediol molecules on HOPG at the nano-level after recrystallizing them from chloroform solution. At the early stage of recrystallization, parallelogram-like-structures having lengths of several microns and distinct widths (between ~ 100 - 400 nm) were observed. Growth/dissolution behavior of these parallelogram-like-structures as a function of time was investigated. While dissolution occurred along all three dimensions, growth was found to be strictly two dimensional. Both the growth and dissolution process were found to be logarithmic in nature. The average growth rates along their length and width were found to be 11 nm/min and 1.5 nm/min respectively. Average dissolution rate in percentage on HOPG surface was found to be ~ 0.078%/min. Based upon the recrystallization of LG molecules schematics are drawn for a better understanding of the recrystallization process.展开更多
Background:Diabetes health education is an integral component of diabetes management.The aim of education is not only to provide knowledge and skills,but also to change patients’attitude and increase motivation towar...Background:Diabetes health education is an integral component of diabetes management.The aim of education is not only to provide knowledge and skills,but also to change patients’attitude and increase motivation towards therapeutic recommendation thereby.The main objective of the study is to compare the impact of diabetes health education for patients with type 2 diabetes in terms of knowledge,health outcomes and effect on glycemic control(glycated hemoglobin,haemoglobin A1c).Methods:A cohort of 110 patients with newly diagnosed diabetes were included in this prospective study.Baseline characteristics were retrieved from the medical record of the Al-Jouf Diabetes Center,Saudi Arabia.While,diabetic health education program effectiveness and haemoglobin A1c were measured after 3 months health education.Results:Results showed a significant reduction in mean haemoglobin A1c after education,which was down by 1.47(t=6.07,P<0.001).Whereas,the mean haemoglobin A1c before diabetic education was 9.19±1.70%and after education,it was 7.72±0.80%.The difference is more significant in young Saudi males,those who were married and were more educated.However,there was no significant with respect to any socio-demographic variables.Conclusion:The findings demonstrate that diabetic education was effective in controlling diabetes and the beneficial effect of this intervention did not differ with respect to socio-economic conditions and demographic conditions.Moreover,early diabetic education can lead to decrease in diabetic related complications.展开更多
文摘Three (2 + 1)-dimensional equations—Burgers equation, cylindrical Burgers equation and spherical Burgers equation, have been reduced to the classical Burgers equation by different transformation of variables respectively. The decay mode solutions of the Burgers equation have been obtained by using the extended -expansion method, substituting the solutions obtained into the corresponding transformation of variables, the decay mode solutions of the three (2 + 1)-dimensional equations have been obtained successfully.
文摘Objective: The objective of this randomized controlled trial study was to evaluate the education training in relation to lifestyle improvement in patients with type 2 diabetes through its influence in the levels of glycated hemoglobin(HbA1 c), blood pressure, triglyceride, cholesterol levels, and body mass index(BMI).Methods: The study included patients with type 2 diabetes randomly selected from 20 residential areas in Tirana, Albania where family physicians provide services. The sample size in total was 200 patients in both groups(control and intervention). The education training(four sessions) was conducted by trained nursing staff for 6 months. Patients were screened for the biochemical profile before and after the intervention. To compare the groups with respect to the interest outcomes, the t-test was used. The value of P < 0.05 was considered significant.Results: There were 104 male patients and 96 female patients. The mean age was 54.9 ± 8.7. No significant differences were found between the study groups in relation to clinical and biochemical data before the education sessions. After the intervention, in the intervention group, the mean level of HbA1 c was significantly lower than the value in the control group(6.2% vs 6.8%, P = 0.001) as well as for the mean values of BMI. The mean reduction(more than 15%) in HbA1 c after the intervention was 43% in the intervention group and 2% in the control group(OR = 36.9, P < 0.05). Differences in BMI, HbA1 c, triglycerides, and cholesterol were more significantly visible in the intervention group. However, the difference in systolic and diastolic blood pressure values was almost the same(P > 0.05).Conclusions: The results of this study further support that the approach for education of patients with type 2 diabetes on changing lifestyle benefit the patient in controlling diabetes. It is believed that the establishment of diabetes education classes in health centers is an important investment in improving the management of type 2 diabetes.
文摘Real-time atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging revealed for the first time, the detailed growth/dissolution mechanism of Lauryl glycol (LG) or 1, 2 dodecanediol molecules on HOPG at the nano-level after recrystallizing them from chloroform solution. At the early stage of recrystallization, parallelogram-like-structures having lengths of several microns and distinct widths (between ~ 100 - 400 nm) were observed. Growth/dissolution behavior of these parallelogram-like-structures as a function of time was investigated. While dissolution occurred along all three dimensions, growth was found to be strictly two dimensional. Both the growth and dissolution process were found to be logarithmic in nature. The average growth rates along their length and width were found to be 11 nm/min and 1.5 nm/min respectively. Average dissolution rate in percentage on HOPG surface was found to be ~ 0.078%/min. Based upon the recrystallization of LG molecules schematics are drawn for a better understanding of the recrystallization process.
文摘Background:Diabetes health education is an integral component of diabetes management.The aim of education is not only to provide knowledge and skills,but also to change patients’attitude and increase motivation towards therapeutic recommendation thereby.The main objective of the study is to compare the impact of diabetes health education for patients with type 2 diabetes in terms of knowledge,health outcomes and effect on glycemic control(glycated hemoglobin,haemoglobin A1c).Methods:A cohort of 110 patients with newly diagnosed diabetes were included in this prospective study.Baseline characteristics were retrieved from the medical record of the Al-Jouf Diabetes Center,Saudi Arabia.While,diabetic health education program effectiveness and haemoglobin A1c were measured after 3 months health education.Results:Results showed a significant reduction in mean haemoglobin A1c after education,which was down by 1.47(t=6.07,P<0.001).Whereas,the mean haemoglobin A1c before diabetic education was 9.19±1.70%and after education,it was 7.72±0.80%.The difference is more significant in young Saudi males,those who were married and were more educated.However,there was no significant with respect to any socio-demographic variables.Conclusion:The findings demonstrate that diabetic education was effective in controlling diabetes and the beneficial effect of this intervention did not differ with respect to socio-economic conditions and demographic conditions.Moreover,early diabetic education can lead to decrease in diabetic related complications.
