Cost Control Strategies for Hubei General Highway Greening Project

In order to respond to the national policy of focusing on the service of building a new development pattern and promoting high-quality development,and to reduce the cost of greening projects while ensuring the effect of highway landscape,a process and cost control points of highway greening design,construction,and maintenance are summarized through a review of the literature.Additionally,this paper examines the attributes of highway greening and proposes cost control strategies that are aligned with these attributes.It is proposed that the implementation of cost control strategies for highway greening should commence at the project establishment phase,with the objective of establishing a comprehensive and effective cost management control system.While guaranteeing the greening landscape effect and the duration of the project,it is essential to regulate the crucial nodes in each phase of the design,construction,and maintenance process.Furthermore,it is vital to facilitate close collaboration between all parties involved,thereby reducing costs,conserving resources,and lowering energy consumption.This approach can also lead to enhanced economic and social benefits for highway greening projects.

Relationship between Project Consultants’ Performance and Project Success in the Rwandan Construction Industry

As discovered, today’s Rwandan construction industry is developing day by day, which plays a very important role in the country’s economic growth. In the construction industry, project consultants play a very significant role in providing services for such projects. The project consultants provide services from the beginning of the project to the completion of the project. Using project consultants is very useful for construction projects because it can ameliorate project efficiency and effectiveness. The main purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between project consultants’ performance and project success in the Rwandan construction industry. The data used in this study were obtained from primary and secondary sources. The secondary data was attained through an elaborated literature review of various books, articles, and papers related to this research to outlining and describing the chief ideas of this research title. The primary data was compiled through a questionnaire survey that was directed to 110 selected professionals in the construction projects in Rwanda to collect data from the site for statistical analysis of the research to test the hypothesis. However, a total of 90 usable responses were received within the scheduled period representing the response rate of 81.82%, which is likely to be representative and acceptable. Data collected from the questionnaire surveys were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists (SPSS), excel spreadsheets, and Relative Importance Index (RII), which provide more merit presentations. The survey results show that even if there are many obstacles in the use of project consultants in the Rwandan construction industry such as lack of knowledge and practice in project consulting, lack of well-trained project consulting professionals, lack of training opportunities in project consulting, lack of knowledge and experience in addition to the senior management opposition, and lack of local project consulting guidelines and information;they are needed in the construction project to make it more successful through reducing and saving the overall project’s life cycle cost according to client’s wishes, keeping time of construction project, improving quality of the project products in the present and future, removing major variations that affect construction project with its attendant cost overrun, and advising on construction project process. Therefore, it is more important to remark that the good performance of the project consultants in any industry especially in the construction industry will contribute to the successful implementation of the project. From the results of the study, the performance of project consultants is closely related to the success of the construction industry in Rwanda. The project consultants’ leading skills and knowledge automatically guide the project to complete with accurate time, budget, and quality to make the project successful. In this paper, we will also consider the project success criteria;the role and responsibility of project consultants;the factors affecting the performance of project consultants;and the reasons that hinder the implementation of project consulting in the Rwandan construction industry.

Drug Prescribing Trends among Consultants and General Practitioners in Sharjah-UAE

Background: Inappropriate prescribing can lead to errors in dispensing medications and serious problems for patients. Objectives: Prescription analysis can identify such drawbacks of prescribing, increase awareness of prescribers of rational prescribing and consequently lead to proper delivery of pharmaceutical care and enhance therapeutic outcomes. Methods: In the present study, prescriptions issued by consultants from a hospital and by general practitioners from private practice in Sharjah-United Arab Emirates were analyzed using indicators suggested by World Health Organizations. These include information with regard to prescriber, patient and the medication prescribed. We also determined the average number of drugs/encounter and % of prescriptions with antibiotics and those with injections. Data were collected and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and expressed in terms of both counts and percentages. Results: Almost all prescriptions were handwritten with easily readable ones being 65% for consultants and 46% for general practitioners. Average number of drugs/encounter was 2.1 and 2.8 for consultants and general practitioners, respectively. Antibiotics were prescribed in 27% and 44%;generic prescribing was 5% and 10% by consultants and general practitioners respectively and 8% of prescriptions by consultants contained injections. Variable results were obtained on information regarding the patient but consultants seem to be better in documenting patient’s age and gender. Consultants and general practitioners tend to prescribe 3 drugs and more in 35% and 25% respectively. The most commonly prescribed therapeutic classes for both groups of prescribers were NSAIDs and antibiotics with ibuprofen and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid combination being the most commonly prescribed drugs of each class. Conclusion: To improve prescription writing, interventions must include, among others, incorporation of topics on prescription writing in medical curriculum and programs of continuing medical education.

Research on the Teaching Mode of Entrepreneurial Project Management General Courses

Under the background of "the Belt and Road" and "Internet +", innovation and Entrepreneurial education in colleges and universities has been pushed to the focus of education. The opening of the course 3.0 "Entrepreneurial Project Management" in General Studies course of Wuhan University is an innovative education mode under the requirements of the background of the times. The development of network information technology in the new era has brought about the subversion and reform of teaching mode. This paper first analyzes the problems and present situation of the teaching of Entrepreneurial project management, introduces the characteristics of the teaching mode, and makes effective research and exploration on the three teaching modes of Entrepreneurial project management, in order to provide reference for the curriculum teaching reform and to promote the teaching effect of innovation and Entrepreneurial courses in colleges and universities.

General Convergence Analysis for Three-step Projection Methods and Applications to Variational Problems

First a general model for a three-step projection method is introduced, and second it has been applied to the approximation solvability of a system of nonlinear variational inequality problems in a Hilbert space setting. Let H be a real Hilbert space and K be a nonempty closed convex subset of H. For arbitrarily chosen initial points x0, y0, z0 ∈ K, compute sequences xn, yn, zn such thatT ： K→ H is a nonlinear mapping onto K. At last three-step models are applied to some variational inequality problems.

Building the Three Gorges Project for the Chinese Nation—An Interview with General Manager Lu Youmei, China Yangtze River Three Gorges Project Development Corporation

The Yangtze River has nurtured the fertile land on both its banks and hundreds of millions of Chinese people. but its raging waters have also wreaked havoc on the people living in its reaches. Since the founding of New China, large-scale surveys, planning, scientific research and feasibility studies have been carried out in an effort to harness the

Partial Oblique Projection Learning for Optimal Generalization

In practice, it is necessary to implement an incremental and active learning for a learning method. In terms of such implementation, this paper shows that the previously discussed S-L projection learning is inappropriate to constructing a family of projection learning, and proposes a new version called partial oblique projection (POP) learning. In POP learning, a function space is decomposed into two complementary subspaces, so that functions belonging to one of the subspaces can be completely estimated in noiseless case; while in noisy case, the dispersions are set to be the smallest. In addition, a general form of POP learning is presented and the results of a simulation are given.

Review of the Relocation of General Zhang Fei’s Temple in View of the Three Gorges Dam Project

As a national cultural property,General Zhang Fei’s Temple is the largest ancient architectural complex in the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River.It was built in the Han Dynasty and has a long history of nearly 2,000 years.In 1994,the Chinese government launched the Three Gorges Dam project at the Yangtze River and implemented the largest relocation project for the General Zhang Fei Temple to prevent it from being submerged.The temple was relocated 32 kilometers upstream along with the local people of Yunyang County,and the historic environment was rebuilt on the opposite side of the migrant city of New Yunyang County.The temple was restored successfully and the tradition of offering sacrifices to General Zhang Fei continued in the local community.The relocation project lasted for 8 years and became the largest cultural heritage conservation project of the People’s Republic of China at the end of the 20th century.This paper comprehensively summarizes and reviews the project goals,implementation process,and project highlights of this relocation,so as to provide an important case reference for heritage conservation projects in the future.

General contracts of Fuqing and Fangjiashan nuclear power projects signed

The general contracts of Fuqing and Fangjiashannuclear power projects affiliated to CNNC were signedon April 30th. It is the first time for CNNC to developnuclear power projects by EPC contracts includingdesign, purchasing and construction.Fuqing nuclear power project is located in

Project Management in College Students' Interpreting Practice

Nowadays, college students, as a main part of interpreters, have engaged more and more in interpreting practices in formsof foreign guests’reception, telephone interpreting, escort interpreting and consecutive interpreting, etc. However, these practicesstill remain a lot of problems, such as low quality, disordered management and improper resource utilization, which are in urgentneed of systematic interpreting project management. Combined with the features of students’interpreting practice, students-oriented interpreting project can better manage these problems above and build a standardized and effective language servicegroup. After summarizing the features of students’interpreting practice, this paper will focus on the concrete application of interpreting project management in college students’interpreting practice. Furthermore, this paper will also provide specific work flowand methods in students-oriented interpreting project.

第三方角度下EPC项目实施中的问题及解决建议

全过程造价咨询推进以来在EPC项目中应用渐广,这对项目参建各方而言需要改变传统观念,积极调整内部管理体系,以匹配新的承包模式。作为参建第三方,造价咨询单位在跟踪的EPC项目中发现诸多问题,致使项目实施过程中单位权责不明,工程量、价的确认、款项拨付、签证变更等批复及结算的一系列工作推进困难。EPC项目实施仍需国家更详尽的指导文件,参建各方需深入解读政策文件,建立健全内部管理体系和规章制度并真诚配合以利项目。

层次分析法在高校基建项目结算成果绩效考核体系中的应用

文章对高校基建项目结算成果绩效考核体系进行了完善,对层次分析法的概念、基本原理、模型和步骤进行了系统的阐述,同时列举工程实例,利用层次分析法建立绩效考核结构模型,将层次分析法引入高校基建项目结算成果绩效考核体系中。

A New Algorithm for Resource Constraint Project Scheduling Problem Based on Multi-Agent Systems

The resource constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) and a decision-making model based on multi-agent systems (MAS) and general equilibrium marketing are proposed. An algorithm leading to the resource allocation decision involved in RCPSP has also been developed. And this algorithm can be used in the multi-project scheduling field as well.Finally, an illustration is given.

An Equivalent Form of S-L Projection Learning

Learning a mapping between an input space and an output.space from training data canbe viewed as a problem of function approximation,which means that different criteria result in learningapproaches of different abilities.Among them,projection criterion proposed by one of the authors aimsdirectly at optimal generalization.The projection idea leads to three specific learning approaches,projection learning,partial projection learning,and averaged projection learning,and a framework of afamily of projection learning called S-L projection learning is established to discuss infinite kinds oflearning.S-L projection learning has a different form from the three methods,and it is not easy to analyzetheir relationship.This paper focuses on an equivalent form of S-L projection learning,which shows thatit is a transformed version of partial projection learning.

Historical Building Renovation as a Construction Project

Approaches to building renovation require high professional levels, interdisciplinary elements, team work and time to study and do research on the buildings. The process of renovating historic buildings is made up of agreements and compromises between the interests of the government, common interests, and the motives and interests of individual owners and prospective investors. Research that deals with any portion of cultural heritages always carried out very precisely, but there is still no precise knowledge of how to define a system and draw up a model that accurately represents a cultural heritage. In the existing literature on this topic, the authors have written about the different views of how to explain the construction project as a system. While many authors focus on ＂sub-phases＂ directly connected to the building of an object, the process involved in the construction phase often neglects the phases required before beginning work, which culminates in a logical sequence in the process of preparing a project. Irregularities or deficiencies which occur during the preparation process of a project often directly impact the construction itself. What the scope of this impact depends on the approach of the contractual organization, the organization of construction companies and on co-operation between the customer （or architects） and the contractors. Unlike the projects for newly built objects, the conservation projects of cultural heritage are not only more demanding because of lack of knowledge of the building materials, construction, foundation and interaction of the mentioned individual parts into a unit called a building. The authors analyzed the structural aspects of building conservation which were suggested by Beckmaun and Bowles and another methodology, which was developed as part of the 5th framework program for the purpose of providing a comprehensive and interdisciplinary treatment of the revitalization of a historical city. The authors found that both methodologies do not include modern IT tools and methods. By analyzing and monitoring the restoration of historic buildings in Slovenia, specifically in the city of Maribor （including all documentation, interviews and direct views） the authors found that the project was regarded as a collection of individual projects rather than a unified whole （a system）. The authors have demonstrated the consequences of structuring a historic building restoration project in a non-systemic way. This type of project can be classified as a non-sustainable renovation. In this article, at first the authors will try to clarify what types of systems and subsystems are considered in renovating historic buildings. The authors show when and why a system becomes stochastic （a probability） and in the end what would be needed to successfully re-establish it back to a determined system. By analyzing the work and reconstruction of old buildings in Maribor, the authors found that it would be necessary to give a new framework with IT tools for the preparation of a historic building restoration project.

A Study on the Control Technique of Construction Project Process

The construction process control of large-scale projects is one of the difficulties and keys in the owner’s project management. Based on generalization process index, this paper proposes an approach to construction project process control. The paper elaborates on the concept and calculation of generalization process index, which, on analysis, possesses Markov property. Monthly generalization process index is regarded as a state of Markov chain, and the transition between different states is realized by computer simulation. According to the Markov process forecasting model and by means of MATLAB program, the project process forecast is realized, and the completion probability in contract period is obtained. From practical instances, it is concluded that this approach has good applicability and operability and that the obtained results can reflect the degree of project risks.

A General Equilibrium Model for Energy Policy Evaluation Using GTAP-E for Vietnam

In the past several years, there has been growing concern on the scarcity of energy resources, the volatility of energy prices, and the impact of energy sector on climate change. In this context, energy-environment models designed for analysis of energy systems have become more important. In this paper, a Computable General Equilibrium Model （CGE） using an energy-environmental version of Global Trade Analysis Project （GTAP） model （known as GTAP-E） for Vietnam is presented based on the GTAP Data Base version 7. The model is developed following the original structure and the revised version of the GTAP-E model. This model is used to simulate the adoption of carbon tax for Vietnam for the base year of 2004. The economy-level and detailed sector-specific effects are also examined considering energy intensive and non-intensive sectors. Simulation results show the negative influences of different carbon tax scenarios to Vietnam＇s economy. The results would also indicate the potential of carbon taxation as a driving force for the mitigation of carbon dioxide and for new and renewable energy promotion in Vietnam. In fact, this study is the first simulation exercise of energy-environmental policy for the Vietnamese case.

Retrospective Analysis of 128 Patients of Acupuncture Consultation After Pancreatic Surgery

This study was conducted to analyze and summaries the current situation of acupuncture post-operative consultation of pancreatic cancer patients in the Qilu hospital of Shandong University,further provide a reference for acupuncture treatment of post-operative complications after pancreatic surgery,especially the effect of acupuncture in treating gastrointestinal dysfunction after pancreatic surgery.The consultation reasons,diagnosis,treatments,patient compliance,and the effect of acupuncture treatment of post-operative was studied and analyzed in 128 cases from October 9,2020 to October 9,2021.A total of 128 patients was selected for this study,and 116 of the patients were completely treated.This study showed that the effective rate of acupuncture;For early post-operative inflammatory bowel obstruction was 94.85%;For post-operative gastric emptying dysfunction was 81.25%;For early post-operative inflammatory bowel obstruction with gastric emptying disorder was 66.67%;and Clinical total effective rate was 91.38%.This study concluded that acupuncture may promote pancreatic gastrointestinal function rehabilitation,and provide a new method to enhance the patient’s recovery after surgery.

EPC工程总承包模式下发包人管理对策研究

据有关资料统计,目前我国工程总承包产值约占建筑业产值的10%,在工程建设领域,EPC工程总承包模式逐渐成为工程项目管理的主流模式之一。但在发包人的具体应用管理过程中,EPC工程总承包模式存在应用不合理、缺乏与之相配套的计价模式、投资控制难等问题。文章通过对典型问题的梳理,分析业务关键节点,提出在政策性文件的指导下,优化EPC工程总承包应用前提及模式,采取项目需求清单式管理,优化合同计价模式,引入全过程工程咨询等合理化对策与措施,解决EPC工程总承包应用中出现的典型问题,以期为EPC工程总承包更好发展与规范化应用提供参考。