Effects of hormone replacement therapy on mood and sleep quality in menopausal women

BACKGROUND Hormone replacement therapy is an effective treatment strategy for the management of symptoms in naturally menopausal women.However,some patients report experiencing adverse effects.AIM To analyze the effects of hormone replacement therapy in menopausal female patients.METHODS A total of 152 menopausal female patients admitted to the Gynecology Department of the Ganzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital between January 2021 and December 2023 were divided into the observation group(n=76,conventional treatment+hormone replacement therapy)and the control group(n=76,conventional treatment only)via random casting.The improvement observed in the following items were compared between the groups:Kupperman menopausal index(KMI),emotional state[The Positive and Negative Affect Scale(PANAS)],sleep quality[Self-Rating Scale of Sleep(SRSS)],treatment effectiveness,and treatment safety.RESULTS The modified KMI and SRSS scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group after three rounds of treatment.The improvement in the PANAS score observed in the observation group was greater than that observed in the control group(P<0.05).The total treatment effectivity rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(86.84%vs 96.05%,χ2=4.121,P=0.042).The incidence rate of adverse reactions in the two groups was comparable(6.58%vs 9.21%,χ2=0.361,P=0.547).CONCLUSION Hormone replacement therapy effectively improved the clinical symptoms,actively channeled negative emotions,and improved the quality of sleep in menopausal patients,indicating its effectiveness and safety.

Hormone replacement therapy for menopausal mood swings and sleep quality:The current evidence

Marked alterations in the normal female hormonal milieu in the perimenopausal period significantly affect women’s health,leading to decreased well-being,psychological distress,and impaired quality of life.Common menopausal symp-toms include hot flashes,sleep and mood changes,fatigue,weight gain,and urogenital disturbances.Clinicians often neglect mood swings and disrupted sleep,although those can significantly limit the productivity of women and impair their cognitive function and mental health.Evidence-based management should include a personalized,holistic approach to alleviate symptoms and careful consideration of the risks vs benefits of hormone replacement therapy(HRT),with due consideration of personal preferences.A research paper in the recent issue of the World Journal of Psychiatry by Liu et al investigated the role of HRT in altering mood changes and impaired sleep quality in menopausal women,which helps us to understand the benefits of this treatment approach.

Research status of hormone replacement therapy on mood and sleep quality in menopausal women

Menopausal syndrome is a common disease of clinical women,which refers to a series of physical and mental symptoms caused by the fluctuation or reduction of sex hormones before and after menopause.Many of these patients have sleep and mood abnormalities that affect their health and quality of life.At present,the understanding of it is gradually improving.This paper mainly analyzes its back-ground and current treatment.

Full-Scale Isogeometric Topology Optimization of Cellular Structures Based on Kirchhoff-Love Shells

Cellular thin-shell structures are widely applied in ultralightweight designs due to their high bearing capacity and strength-to-weight ratio.In this paper,a full-scale isogeometric topology optimization(ITO)method based on Kirchhoff-Love shells for designing cellular tshin-shell structures with excellent damage tolerance ability is proposed.This method utilizes high-order continuous nonuniform rational B-splines(NURBS)as basis functions for Kirchhoff-Love shell elements.The geometric and analysis models of thin shells are unified by isogeometric analysis(IGA)to avoid geometric approximation error and improve computational accuracy.The topological configurations of thin-shell structures are described by constructing the effective density field on the controlmesh.Local volume constraints are imposed in the proximity of each control point to obtain bone-like cellular structures.To facilitate numerical implementation,the p-norm function is used to aggregate local volume constraints into an equivalent global constraint.Several numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.After simulation and comparative analysis,the results indicate that the cellular thin-shell structures optimized by the proposed method exhibit great load-carrying behavior and high damage robustness.

Color Expression and Mood Creation in Imagery Oil Painting

Oil painting is a traditional Western painting form.With the introduction of China and the influence of China’s traditional painting and aesthetics,the painting style became more distinctive,expanding a new development direction of oil painting,and thus imagery oil painting came into being.Color,as the most important element in imagery oil painting,mainly plays the role of mood creation and emotional expression.Many creators are good at injecting their thoughts and emotions into the paintings through color matching,so as to enhance the artistic expression of the paintings.This paper analyzes the color expression characteristics of imagery oil painting and explores the color expression techniques in imagery oil painting and mood creation of imagery oil painting from several aspects.

Love Donation

At my school,we made donations to children in the flooded areas last week.All the teachers and students volunteered,so did I.Besides books,I donated schoolbags,clothes,toys and so on.I am willing giving①away these things,because I feel it's my duty to help those in trouble.

Analyzing the Differences in the Concepts of Love Between Korean and American Women Using the Female Characters in Kim Ji-young,Born in 1982 and The Sun Also Rises as Examples

This paper scrutinizes the differences in the conceptualization of love between Korean and American women.Grounded in an analysis of literary figures,Brett and Kim Ji-young,the study unravels the intricate interplay of cultural,historical,and societal forces shaping these perspectives.The contrasting landscapes of the United States,driven by ideals of freedom and individualism,and Korea,entrenched in Confucian values and collectivism,serve as crucibles for forming women’s roles,self-perception,and societal expectations.The examination extends to communication styles,illuminating the directness of American expression versus Korea’s reliance on formalism.Through this exploration,the paper illustrates the profound impact of cultural contexts on the intricate tapestry of love,offering a nuanced understanding of divergent viewpoints within a global context.

基于改进Frequency-Bessel变换法的主动源Love波频散分析

近年来,Love波多道分析技术在浅地表结构探测中受到越来越广泛的应用.与Rayleigh波相比,Love波相速度不受纵波速度影响,其反演参数较少,可使反演过程更加稳定、求解的横波速度模型更加可靠.高分辨率和多模式面波频散分析是面波多道分析技术中至关重要的一环.本文利用改进Frequency-Bessel变换法对主动源Love波进行频散分析.通过改进的0阶Frequency-Bessel变换,将时间-空间域多道Love波记录变换到频率-波数域,获得其频散能量谱.通过公式推导和数值模拟,验证了该方法的有效性.实例测试表明,该方法具有较高的分辨率和多模式分辨能力,为多分量面波勘探提供了一种有效的频散分析手段.

Love型槽波三维地震物理模拟试验研究

三维槽波地震物理模拟技术一直以来都是超声地震物理模拟的一个难题,国内外开展的相关工作较少。要成功模拟出Love型槽波,需要从槽波波场特征、模型设计浇筑、数据采集系统、固体采集耦合等方面系统考虑。针对三维槽波地震物理模拟成功的关键技术参数分析、发射接收系统关键器件-换能器的性能特征、不同直径换能器组合的激发接收方式、槽波物理模型设计制作以及固体模型数据采集等方面开展试验研究,成功模拟出了特征明显的Love型透射槽波。研究结果表明:①模型设计时煤层厚度不能大于30 mm,但必须大于换能器尺寸的2倍以上,且应与探头激发的波长相当,否则无法成功激发出明显的Love型槽波;②直径1 mm的点状换能器和直径8 mm的平面换能器,在无负载条件下,从能量传输效率、子波幅频特性等方面对比,平面换能器均优于点状换能器;③点状换能器和平面换能器不同组合方式作为激发、接收点,在铝板和有机玻璃板为负载的综合试验情况下,要在现有设备条件下实现三维槽波物理模拟只能采用平面换能器作为接收点,激发源可任意选择;④平面换能器激发接收的Love型槽波信噪比高、艾里相能量强,能清晰分辨模型中断层,而点状换能器激发接收的槽波记录信噪比、艾里相能量较弱,无法识别模型中的构造。

Love型槽波物理模拟及对断层的响应研究

槽波地震勘探因为具有分辨率高、能量衰减小的特点,在煤矿井下隐伏致灾体的地球物理勘探中已得到了广泛的应用。但现阶段的槽波探测精度尚无法满足矿山智能化的要求。目前,物理模拟多以二维模型条件下的Rayleigh型槽波模拟为主,Love型槽波研究较少。为了掌握Love型槽波的传播规律,进行了三维槽波物理模拟中的Love型槽波研究。首先,通过波动方程和频散曲线分析,研究了Love型槽波的波动及质点振动特征;然后以相似性原则为基础,通过构建类比于野外采集的激发、接收、同步装置,搭建了槽波物理模拟平台;随后通过硅橡胶和树脂等材料的配比选择,制作了符合实际地层岩层属性的地震物理模型;最后通过设计的3种典型观测系统,进行槽波超声物理模拟,成功观测到了物理模型中的Love型槽波。通过对煤层和围岩中2条测线的波场记录和频散曲线的对比分析,特别是理论曲线的符合程度进一步验证了模拟的有效性。同时,通过对横穿断层和正常煤层的2条测线Love型槽波波场的对比发现,断层前后波场频率成分发生了以Airy相为分界的明显转换,而且过断层后槽波能量几乎全部被衰减。研究结果将为后续定量、精细化槽波地震勘探提供采集、处理及解释等方法技术的理论支撑。

带有旋转的压电半导体层状结构中的广义Love波

研究了半空间上带有旋转压电半导体覆盖层状结构中的广义Love波.以弹性半空间材料为基底,带有厚度为h的压电半导体覆盖层.基于压电半导体材料的本构方程以及考虑旋转效应的控制方程,结合边界条件以及广义Love波函数的试探解,推导出考虑旋转效应的压电半导体层状结构中广义Love波的波速方程,从而为压电半导体材料在工程中的应用提供理论基础.

Effect of Internet+continuous midwifery service model on psychological mood and pregnancy outcomes for women with highrisk pregnancies

BACKGROUND There are many drawbacks to the traditional midwifery service management model,which can no longer meet the needs of the new era.The Internet+continuous midwifery service management model extends maternal management from prenatal to postpartum,in-hospital to out-of-hospital,and offline to online,thereby improving maternal and infant outcomes.Applying the Internet+continuous midwifery service management model to manage women with highrisk pregnancies(HRP)can improve their psycho-emotional opinion and,in turn,minimize the risk of adverse maternal and/or fetal outcomes.AIM To explore the effectiveness of a midwife-led Internet+continuous midwifery service model for women with HRP.METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 439 women with HRP who underwent prenatal examination and delivered at Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital(affiliated to the Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine)from April to December 2022.Among them,239 pregnant women underwent routine obstetric management,and 200 pregnant women underwent Internet+continuous midwifery service mode management.We used the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory,Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale,and analysis of delivery outcomes to compare psychological mood and the incidence of adverse delivery outcomes between the two groups.RESULTS The data showed that in early pregnancy,the anxiety and depression levels of the two groups were similar;the levels gradually decreased as pregnancy progressed,and the decrease in the continuous group was more significant[31.00(29.00,34.00)vs 34.00(32.00,37.00),8.00(6.00,9.00)vs 12.00(10.00,13.00),P<0.05].The maternal self-efficacy level and strategy for weight gain management were better in the continuous group than in the traditional group,and the effective rate of midwifery service intervention in the continuous group was significantly higher than in the control group[267.50(242.25,284.75)vs 256.00(233.00,278.00),74.00(69.00,78.00)vs 71.00(63.00,78.00),P<0.05].The incidence of adverse delivery outcomes in pregnant women and newborns and fear of maternal childbirth were lower in the continuous group than in the traditional group,and nursing satisfaction was higher[10.50%vs 18.83%,8.50%vs 15.90%,24.00%vs 42.68%,89.50%vs 76.15%,P<0.05].CONCLUSION The Internet+continuous midwifery service model promotes innovation through integration and is of great significance for improving and promoting maternal and child health in HRP.

Investigation of Patients’ Mood on Their Distance from the Pharmacist during Medication Instruction

Background: Pharmacists must adjust their distance from patients to facilitate communication during interviews and gain their trust. The distance between the patients and the pharmacists varies depending on many factors, such as gender, posture and the patients’ mood. Only a few of these papers have actually measured and validated distance with patients. In this study, we validated our method of assessing mood and measuring distance before beginning a survey with patients. Methods: We measured comfortable interpersonal distance among men and women using an ecological scenario, in which a pharmacist approaches the subject, and the subject is asked to stop the pharmacist at the distance he/she feel comfortable with. Five pharmacists and 33 subjects participated in the study. The Japanese version of the Brief Mood Questionnaire Checklists (BMC-J) was used to quantify the subject’s mood for the day, and then the distance from the pharmacist that the subjects considered comfortable was measured at the bedside. The relationship between the mood and distance obtained was examined. Results: The comfortable distance of subjects was influenced by gender, posture, and mood. The shortest distance was 94.7 ± 11.1 cm (mean ± SD), for the male subjects versus the female pharmacists in the sitting position. The distance of male subjects shorted when they had positive emotions and lengthened when they were worried. Female subjects maintained a long distance from both male and female pharmacists when they had positive emotions and a short distance when they were worried. Conclusion: Findings show that the distance changes depending on the subjects’ mood at the time of measurement. It was found that the present measurement method can be used to determine the psychological state of the patient and measure the comfort distance at that time, and can be used as a simple method to examine these relationships. Therefore, it is also considered a practical method for the next step, which is a clinical study on patients.

林依晨 About Mood Love

从青涩到成熟的过程与转变，让可爱女人林依晨变得相当有吸引力。而她自己却说私底下的自己其实也会很性感，不是外表的性感，而是想法和态度。那性感小女人林依晨又是怎么看待爱情的呢？

Association between depressive mood and body image and menopausal symptoms and sexual function in perimenopausal women

BACKGROUND Perimenopausal is the period when women's ovarian function begins to decline before and after menopause.During this period,women experience a series of mental state changes,such as decreased hormone levels,decreased libido,and even female sexual dysfunction(FSD)in severe cases,which reduces their quality of life.Factors affecting the occurrence of FSD include physiological and nonphysiological factors,among which physiological factors are uncontrollable.Therefore,it is particularly important to ascertain the related non-physiological factors that affect the occurrence of FSD for improving the quality of sexual life of perimenopausal women.AIM To investigate the mediating effect of depressive mood and body image on menopausal symptoms and sexual function in perimenopausal women.METHODS A total of 186 perimenopausal women were enrolled between January 2019 and January 2021 and divided into the FSD(134 cases)and control(52 cases)groups based on the presence and absence of FSD.Clinical data were compared between the two groups.FSD-related factors were analyzed using logistic regression analysis.Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD),Body Image Scale(BIS),and Menopause Rating Scale(MRS)scores were compared among women with different FSD scores.The correlation of the MRS score with the BIS and HAMD scores and the mediating effect of the BIS and HAMD scores on the MRS score and female sexual function index(FSFI)were analyzed.RESULTS The HAMD and BIS scores were higher in the FSD group than in the control group,and the difference in monthly income between the two groups was statistically significant(all P<0.05).Monthly income of<2000 yuan[odds ratio(OR)=26.586,P=0.000],BIS score(OR=1.590,P=0.000),and HAMD score(OR=1.884,P=0.000)were independent risk factors for FSD.MRS scores were positively correlated with BIS and HAMD scores(r=0.358 and 0.244,P=0.000 and 0.001,respectively)and negatively correlated with FSFI scores(r=-0.433,P=0.000).Body image and depressive mood had partial mediating effects,accounting for 39.90%of the total effect.CONCLUSION Depression and body image play mediating roles between menopausal symptoms and sexual function in perimenopausal women.

因难见巧:诗歌First Love的不可译因素汉译

在中西翻译史上,关于诗歌可译性和不可译性的争论由来已久。不可译因素的客观存在给诗歌翻译带来了诸多困难和障碍,本文以约翰•克莱尔的诗歌First Love的不同译本,分析音步、押韵和诗歌风格等不可译因素的翻译策略,探讨译者如何巧妙地化“不可译”为“可译”。

A Study on the Different Levels of“Attention”in the Processing of English Subjunctive Mood by Chinese Learners

“Attention”is a very vital cognitive mechanism.Cognitive psychology considers“attention”as the focus of mental activity and consciousness on an object.People engage their senses and memory to actively process the object in front of them.Theories of second language acquisition suggest that a large amount of input is the basis for language acquisition.At the same time,what is actively noticed by the learner can be effectively internalized.Thus,“attention”is also a non-linguistic factor that plays a significant role in language acquisition.The subjunctive mood is a major challenge in the teaching of English grammar.Generally speaking,the verbs in a sentence are used to distinguish between subjunctive and declarative sentences.In this paper,experimental utterances were written based on previous research by using verbs that are easy to cause ambiguity and confusion,and then set up the reinforced and non-reinforced attention conditions with different levels of“attention”to investigate whether there are different results and effects on subjects’comprehension of sentences under different levels of“attention”conditions.Under the different levels of“attention”,the subjects were examined to see whether there were different results in comprehension of the sentences and the impact of the different levels of“attention”.It was found that subjects in the reinforced“attention”condition comprehended sentences better,answered questions faster,and answered questions more correctly than subjects in the non-reinforced condition.This study also shed some light on English second language grammar teaching.

Effects of health concept model-based detailed behavioral care on mood and quality of life in elderly patients with chronic heart failure

BACKGROUND With the intensification of social aging,the susceptibility of the elderly population to diseases has attracted increasing attention,especially chronic heart failure(CHF)that accounts for a large proportion of the elderly.AIM To evaluate the application value of health concept model-based detailed behavioral care in elderly patients with CHF.METHODS This study recruited 116 elderly CHF patients admitted from October 2018 to October 2020 and grouped them according to the nursing care that they received.The elderly patients who underwent health concept model-based detailed behavioral care were included in a study group(SG;n=62),and those who underwent routine detailed behavioral nursing intervention were included as a control group(CG;n=54).Patients’negative emotions(NEs),quality of life(QoL),and nutritional status were assessed using the self-rating anxiety/depression scale(SAS/SDS),the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire(MLHFQ),and the Modified Quantitative Subjective Global Assessment(MQSGA)of nutrition,respectively.Differences in rehabilitation efficiency,NEs,cardiac function(CF)indexes,nutritional status,QoL,and nursing satisfaction were comparatively analyzed.RESULTS A higher response rate was recorded in the SG vs the CG after intervention(P<0.05).After care,the left ventricular ejection fraction was higher while the left ventricular end-diastolic dimension and left ventricular end systolic diameter were lower in the SG compared with the CG(P<0.05).The post-intervention SAS and SDS scores,as well as MQSGA and MLHFQ scores,were also lower in the SG(P<0.05).The SG was also superior to the CG in the overall nursing satisfaction rate(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Health concept model-based detailed behavioral care has high application value in the nursing care of elderly CHF patients,and it can not only effectively enhance rehabilitation efficiency,but also mitigate patients’NEs and improve their CF and QoL.

Research on Unreliable Narration of Love Writing in “The Bear Came over the Mountain”

Alice Munro,a famous Canadian Canadian short-story writer.She gained the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2013.Munro’s works focus on women and adolescents.She also writes about the illness and love of the elderly.“The Bear Came over the Mountain”is one of them.In this story,Munro adopts unreliable narration to depict love between Grant and Fiona.This paper aims to study the love writing and its unreliable narration in this story.Based on the text of love writing,this paper analyzes the specific strategies of unreliable narration.The author believes that the unreliable narration of the love text in the story can be divided into the unreliable narration of character type and information type.Through analysis of these two types of narration in the story,special meaning of unreliable narration to describe love can be found.Besides,Munro’s description also contains her own insight of love:the course of true love does not always run smooth.