Correlation Study on Expression of GST-π Protein in Brain Tissue and Peripheral Blood of Epilepsy Rats Induced by Pilocarpine

Previous studies have suggested that glutathione-S-transferase π （GST-π） over-expression in the brain tissue is associated with refractory epilepsy. However, whether the change in GST-π level in the peripheral blood is in line with that in brain tissue remains unknown. This study examined the correlation between GST-π in brain tissue and that in peripheral blood in rat models of pilocarpine-induced refractory epilepsy. The animals were divided into drug-resistant group and drug-responsive group according to the response to anti-epileptic drugs. GST-π expression in brain tissue was immunohistochemically determined, while the expression of GST-π in peripheral blood was analyzed by Western blotting. In the hippocampus and cortex, GST-π was mainly found in the cytoplasm and membrane of neurons, and the GST-π expression level was higher in drug-resistant group than in the drug-responsive group and saline control group （P〈0.05）. Moreover, there was no significant difference between responders and saline control animals （P〉0.05）. The change in expression of GST-π in peripheral blood showed the same pattern as that in brain tissues, suggesting GST-π might contribute to drug resistance in epilepsy. Importantly, the GST-π over-expression in peripheral blood could be used as a marker for resistance to anti-epileptic agents.

Meta-analysis of the association between chronic periodontitis and chronic kidney disease

BACKGROUND Many scholars have performed several clinical studies have investigated the association between chronic periodontitis(CP)and chronic kidney disease(CKD).However,there are still differences between these research results,and there is no unified conclusion.Therefore,a systematic review is required to understand this issue fully.AIM To explore the correlation between CP and CKD.METHODS Literature on the correlation between CP and CKD,as well as the clinical attachment level(CAL)and pocket probing depth(PPD)of CKD and non-CKD,were retrieved from PubMed,Embase,the Cochrane Library,and Web of Science repositories until January 2024.After the effective data were extracted,data processing and statistics were performed using Stata 12.0.RESULTS Of the 22 studies,13 were related to CP and CKD,and 9 reported CAL and PPD in patients with CKD and healthy controls.Meta-analysis of the correlation between CP and CKD revealed that CKD probability in people with CP was 1.54 times that of healthy individuals[relative risk=1.54,95%confidence interval(CI):1.40-1.70],and CP incidence in patients with CKD was 1.98 times that of healthy individuals[overall risk(OR)=1.98,95%CI:1.53-2.57].Meta-analysis of CAL and PPD evaluations between CKD patients and healthy individuals showed that CAL and PPD levels were higher in CKD patients[standard mean difference(SMD)of CAL=0.65,95%CI:0.29-1.01;SMD of PPD=0.33,95%CI:0.02-0.63].CONCLUSION A bidirectional association exists between CP and CKD.CKD risk is increased in CP patients and vice versa.Periodontal tissue or tooth loss risks increase over time in CKD patients.

Diffusion tensor imaging and proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy in brain tumor Correlation between structure and metabolism

Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and diffusion tensor imaging are non-invasive techniques used to detect metabolites and water diffusion in vivo. Previous studies have confirmed a positive correlation of individual fractional anisotropy values with N-acetylaspartate/creatine and N-acetylaspartate/choline ratios in tumors, edema, and normal white matter. This study divided the brain parenchyma into tumor, pedtumoral edema, and normal-appearing white matter according to MRI data, and analyzed the correlation of metabolites with water molecular diffusion. Results demonstrated that in normal-appearing white matter, N-acetylaspartate/creatine ratios were positively correlated with fractional anisotropy values, negatively correlated with radial diffusivities, and positively correlated with maximum eigenvalues. Maximum eigenvalues and radial diffusivities in peritumoral edema showed a negative correlation with choline, N-acetylaspartate, and creatine. Radial diffusivities in tumor demonstrated a negative correlation with choline. These data suggest that the relationship between metabolism and structure is markedly changed from normal white matter to peritumoral edema and tumor. Neural metabolism in the peritumoral edema area decreased with expanding extracellular space. The normal relationship of neural function and microstructure disappeared in the tumor region.

Correlation Analysis between Bleaching Rate of Brain Coral and Trace Elements Contents in Seawater

Brain coral is mainly distributed in the Great Lameshur Bay of the U.S. Virgin Islands in the Caribbean. It has very rare species, but the bleaching pheomenon is severe. In this study, the numbers and bleaching rates of brain corals in the sampling plots were investigated, and the trace elements contents in the seawater were determined with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （ICP- MS）. Then the correlation between the bleaching rate of brain coral and trace elements contents in seawater was analyzed. The results showed that under temperature of 27.83-28.88 ℃, pH of 8.5-8.7, salinity of 32.74%-34.04% and depth of 0-4 m, there were V, Cr, Rb, Sr, Ag and other trace elements in seawater. When the V content was lower than 99.1 ng/ml, the bleaching rate of brain coral was weakly correlated to V content in seawater; when the Cr content was lower than 23.5 ng/ml, the bleaching rate of brain coral was correlated to Cr content; when the Ag content ranged from 34.1-56.3 ng/ml, there was a significant correlation between bleaching rate of brain coral and Ag content in seawater .

The levels of serum cystatin C, brain natriuretic peptide in traumatic patients and correlation analysis with traumatic severity

Objective:To observe the levels of serum cystatin C (Cys C), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in traumatic patients and correlation analysis with traumatic severity.Methods:120 emergency traumatic patients in emergency department of our hospital were rolled from December 2015 to December 2016, who were divided into minor trauma group (n=41), severe trauma group (n=43) and critical trauma group (n=36) according to the injury severity score (ISS). The levels of serum Cys C, BNP of the patients in the 3 groups were detected on 0 h, 24 h, 3 d and 7 d after admission respectively. Pearson correlation analysis of the levels of serum Cys C, BNP and ISS.Results: There were no significant differences in the levels of serum Cys C, BNP on 0 hours between the three groups;There were no significant differences in the levels of serum Cys C, BNP on 0 h, 24 h, 3 d and 7 d in minor trauma group;The levels of serum Cys C, BNP on 24 h, 3 d and 7 d were all higher than those of 0 h in severe trauma group, and the levels of serum Cys C on 3 d and 7 d were both higher than those of 24 h;The levels of serum Cys C, BNP on 24 h, 3 d and 7 d were all higher than those of 0 h in critical trauma group, the levels of serum Cys C, BNP on 3 d and 7 d were both higher than those of 24 h, and the levels of serum Cys C on 7 d were higher than those of 3 d;The levels of serum Cys C, BNP in severe trauma and critical trauma groups were significantly higher compared with minor trauma group on 24 h, 3 d and 7 d. Pearson correlation analysis, the level of serum Cys C were positively correlated with ISS, the level of serum BNP were positively correlated with ISS.Conclusion:Different levels of traumatic patients had different levels of serum Cys C, BNP increased at different times. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the levels of serum Cys C, BNP were both positively correlated with traumatic severity, which suggested that the levels of serum Cys C, BNP may be important indicators of traumatic severity and could provide important reference value for clinical evaluation of traumatic severity.

Correlation of HLA-G expression with CMV active infection following kidney transplantation

Objective To determine the correlation of human leukocyte antigen - G ( HLA - G) expression with CMV active infection after kidney transplantation. Methods A total of 215 first - time kidney transplantation recipients in one transplantation center were divided into CMV ( + ) group and CMV ( - ) group according to

Acute kidney injury in traumatic brain injury intensive care unit patients

BACKGROUND The exact definition of Acute kidney injury(AKI)for patients with traumatic brain injury(TBI)is unknown.AIM To compare the power of the“Risk,Injury,Failure,Loss of kidney function,and End-stage kidney disease”(RIFLE),Acute Kidney Injury Network(AKIN),Creatinine kinetics(CK),and Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes(KDIGO)to determine AKI incidence/stage and their association with the inhospital mortality rate of patients with TBI.METHODS This retrospective study collected the data of patients admitted to the intensive care unit for neurotrauma from 2001 to 2012,and 1648 patients were included.The subjects in this study were assessed for the presence and stage of AKI using RIFLE,AKIN,CK,and KDIGO.In addition,the propensity score matching method was used.RESULTS Among the 1648 patients,291(17.7%)had AKI,according to KDIGO.The highest incidence of AKI was found by KDIGO(17.7%),followed by AKIN(17.1%),RIFLE(12.7%),and CK(11.5%)(P=0.97).Concordance between KDIGO and RIFLE/AKIN/CK was 99.3%/99.1%/99.3%for stage 0,36.0%/91.5%/44.5%for stage 1,35.9%/90.6%/11.3%for stage 2,and 47.4%/89.5%/36.8%for stage 3.The in-hospital mortality rates increased with the AKI stage in all four definitions.The severity of AKI by all definitions and stages was not associated with inhospital mortality in the multivariable analyses(all P>0.05).CONCLUSION Differences are seen in AKI diagnosis and in-hospital mortality among the four AKI definitions or stages.This study revealed that KDIGO is the best method to define AKI in patients with TBI.

Formation of Superoxide Radical and Hydrogen Peroxide Enhanced by Trinitrotoluene in Rat Liver, Brain, Kidney, and Testicle in Vitro and Monkey Liver in Vivo

Trinitrotoluene (TNT) increased the formation of adrenochrome from adrenaline and the formation of formaldehyde from methanol in rat liver mitochondria and microsomes in vitro as well as in monkey liver mitrochondria and microsomes in vivo. The effects were more prominent at higher TNT concentrations. These findings indicate that TNT enhances the production of superoxide radicals (O_2^-) and hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2). The production of O_2^- was more prominent in systems containing added TNT than in those containing added benzyl viologen. H_2O_2 production by mitochondria was more pronounced in the liver than in other organs, but its production by microsomes was more pronounced in the brain than in other organs. The results suggest that TNT undergoes cycling reduction which produces oxidative stress. 1989 Academic Press, Inc.

Kidney Volume in Kidney Function Assessment: Determinants and Clinical Correlates in Systemic Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease in Southwestern, Nigeria

Background: The kidney volume is a very reliable ultrasound measure, reflecting contributions from all kidney parts. It could be affected by gender, body size and disease conditions. Its use in renal function assessment is based on its correlation with the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Objectives: To assess the determinants and clinical correlates of kidney volume in hypertension and in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Materials and Methods: The two-center study was carried out at the Federal Medical Centre, Abeokuta (June-December 2017) and Babcock University Teaching Hospital, Ilishan-Remo (August 2019-January 2020). The kidneys of sixty participants who had hypertension without kidney disease (HWKD) and 58 with CKD were scanned from the front and back and their blood samples were taken for electrolytes and hemoglobin concentration. Result: The participants with CKD were significantly older than those with hypertension, P < 0.001. The mean kidney volume of hypertensives, 132.4 ± 18.3, was significantly higher than those with CKD, 63.7 ± 5.9, P < 0.001. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and hemoglobin concentration were significantly higher in hypertensives than in CKD, P < 0.001, P < 0.001 respectively. The systolic blood pressure (SBP), creatinine and the albumin creatinine ratio (ACR) were significantly higher in CKD than in hypertension, P < 0.001, P < 0.001 and P < 0.001 respectively. Conclusion: The mean kidney volume was higher in hypertension and in males. The GFR and hemoglobin levels were significantly higher in hypertension than in CKD while blood pressure and ACR were significantly higher in CKD than in hypertension. Kidney volume was positively and negatively correlated with GFR and ACR respectively.

Detrended cross-correlation analysis of electroencephalogram

In the paper we use detrended cross-correlation analysis （DCCA） to study the electroencephalograms of healthy young subjects and healthy old subjects. It is found that the cross-correlation between different leads of a healthy young subject is larger than that of a healthy old subject. It was shown that the cross-correlation relationship decreases with the aging process and the phenomenon can help to diagnose whether the subject＇s brain function is healthy or not.

Chronic effect of olive oil on some neurotransmitter contents in different brain regions and physiological, histological structure of liver and kidney of male albino rats

Olive oil is an important source of mono-unsaturated fat and a prime component of the Mediterranean diet. The beneficial health effects of olive oil are due to both its high content of mono-unsaturated fatty acids and its high content of anti-oxidative substances. The objective of this study was to investigate the basis for the epidemiological information relating to the health benefits associated with the consumption of ex-tra-virgin olive oil (EVOO). The effect of olive oil on norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and gamm-aminobutyric acid (GABA) con-tents in different brain regions and histological structure of liver and kindey of male albino rats was studied. The chronic administration of olive oil (7.5 mg/kg body wt.) caused a significant increase in norepinephrine (NE), dopamine (DA) , serotonin (5-HT) and gamm-aminobutyric acid (GABA) con-tent in different brain regions (Cerebellum, striatum, cerebral cortex, hypothalamus, brain steam and hip-pocampus) of male albino rats. The increase in NE, DA, 5-HT, and GABA content in the different CNS areas of male albino rat may be due to the inhibition of Ca2+/calmodulin binding which plays an important role in the release of these neurotransmitters. The results, also, revealed that urea and creatinne con-centrations in rats with oral administration with olive oil were decreased. Meanwhile, the activities of the enzymes AsT, AlT and ALP were elevated. The pre-sent results indicated that there is no change in tis-sues of kidney after treated with virgin olive oil. Olive oil may potentially be safe for use as a sedative drug. improvement also led to the reductions in risk of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s diseases.

脑肿瘤与癫痫的临床及影像相关性探究

目的分析脑肿瘤的临床及影像特征,探讨脑肿瘤与其继发癫痫的相关性。方法选取笔者所在医院34例脑肿瘤且合并癫痫患者作为观察组,随机选取同时期脑肿瘤不伴癫痫症状患者34例作为对照组,统计两组间年龄、性别、肿瘤组织类型、肿瘤部位及影像特征差异,分析两者之间的相关性。结果两组间年龄、性别以及肿瘤组织类型差异没有明显统计学意义,两组间肿瘤分布情况在额叶组中存在统计学差异(P=0.078),两组肿瘤影像学特征在伴局部脑萎缩组中存在统计学差异(P=0.032)。结论脑肿瘤与癫痫发生存在一定相关性,充分运用影像学检查指导这类患者的诊疗能有效地减少癫痫带来的继发损害和潜在危害。

基于PSD特征的FBCCA脑电信号识别方法

当前基于稳态视觉诱发电位(steady-state visual evoked potential,SSVEP)的脑机接口(brain-computer interfaces,BCIs)使用的都是单一识别算法,针对不同时间长度的识别准确率较低。提出了一种基于滤波器组的典型相关分析(filter bank canonical correlation analysis,FBCCA)与功率谱密度(power spectral density,PSD)分析相结合的SSVEP识别算法,可以提高SSVEP识别的普适性与准确率。该方法使用FBCCA寻找高相似度的参考频率信号,再通过多组PSD分析来锁定最终的响应频率,完成频率识别。该方法无需经过训练就能得到较高的识别准确率。实验结果表明:在刺激时长为1 s时,该方法能达到86.61%的准确率,比PSD分析方法提升了5.44%,比典型相关性分析方法(canonical correlation analysis,CCA)提升了10.38%的准确率,比FBCCA提升了8.86%的准确率。

血清pro-BNP、Gal-3、Hcy预测老年高血压患者射血分数保留性心力衰竭发病的价值及与心功能分级的关系

目的探讨老年高血压患者血清脑钠肽前体(pro-BNP)、半乳糖凝集素-3(Gal-3)、同型半胱氨酸(Hcy)的相关性,并分析三者联合预测射血分数保留性心力衰竭(HFpEF)发病的价值及与心功能分级的关系。方法选取2018年5月—2021年7月收治的老年高血压208例,根据是否发生HFpEF分为HEpEF组52例与单纯高血压组156例。比较2组血清pro-BNP、Gal-3、Hcy水平,分析三者之间的关系及与心功能分级的相关性,采用危险度分析三者对HEpEF发生风险的影响,采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评价三者联合预测HEpEF发生的价值。结果HEpEF组血清pro-BNP、Gal-3、Hcy水平高于单纯高血压组(P<0.01);Pearson相关性分析显示,单纯高血压组、HEpEF组血清pro-BNP、Gal-3、Hcy之间呈正相关(P<0.01),HEpEF组相关性更高;Spearman相关性分析显示,血清pro-BNP、Hcy、Gal-3与NYHA分级呈正相关(P<0.01);多因素Logistic回归分析显示,血清pro-BNP、Gal-3、Hcy水平均对HFpEF发生风险有独立影响(P<0.01);ROC曲线分析显示,血清pro-BNP、Hcy、Gal-3联合预测HFpEF发生风险的曲线下面积为0.939(95%CI:0.898,0.968),敏感度为0.885,特异度为0.833,优于各指标单独预测。结论老年高血压患者血清pro-BNP、Gal-3、Hcy水平显著相关,三者与心功能分级呈正相关,且异常升高会增加HEpEF发生风险,联合预测HFpEF发病价值较为可靠。

基于CCA融合FFT的SSVEP脑机接口分类算法

为解决多目标刺激范式的稳态视觉诱发电位脑电信号识别准确率低和信息传输率低的问题,提出了一种快速傅里叶变换同典型相关分析相结合的方法,通过快速傅里叶变换将信号训练成对应频率的训练模板,并作为参考信号与实时采集的信号进行典型相关分析来计算频率的识别准确率。6名受试者参与并完成了180组实验,在时间窗口长度为1.5 s的条件下,基于快速傅里叶变换-典型相关分析的稳态视觉诱发电位信号识别算法的平均识别准确率为93.98%,比典型相关分析算法提升了14.75%,信息传输率为62.30 bit·min^(-1),比典型相关分析算法提升了55.63%。实验结果表明,快速傅里叶变换-典型相关分析算法性能更优。

通元针法的理论基础与临床应用概况

通元针法涵盖了调和阴阳、固本安神、形气辨证的独特诊疗思维,屡起沉疴。该文作者赖新生教授自创立通元针法以来,成体系地应用该法于治疗神经内分泌免疫网络相关疑难疾病,包括脑病、不孕不育、变态反应性疾病等,屡收奇效,经济和社会效益显著。作者基于系列基础研究成果,提出“经穴-脑相关”理论,实现了从基础研究到临床实践的转换。该文系统阐述了通元针法的理论基础和该法在上述三大系统疾病中的临床应用,可为针灸现代化提供一种新的范式。

王雪峰教授基于“脑肠相关”理论治疗儿童功能性便秘经验探析

儿童功能性便秘作为儿科常见病之一,主要表现为排便困难、排便频次减少、排便时间延长。本病发病率、复发率较高,严重影响患儿生活质量,不利于儿童的生长发育。近年来随着社会压力的增大,本病发病率又逐年升高,除身体症状外,患儿的精神症状也逐渐受到关注,且功能性便秘患儿伴发情志异常症状多见。罗马Ⅳ中针对功能性便秘提出其发病的机制主要为“脑与肠间互动异常”,结合中医学“五脏一体”的整体观念与形神俱为一体的理论观点,故本文从“脑肠相关”理论和现代医学中的“脑-肠轴”作为切入点,对“脑肠相关”学说进行深入分析,基于脑与肠生理上相互关联、病理上相互影响的特殊联系,认为治疗功能性便秘不仅应调节胃肠功能以改善肠道症状,也应重视心脑的调神作用以改善患者焦虑、抑郁等精神症状,探究从调神以达运肠之效的治疗方法,以期找寻出治疗功能性便秘的新思路,为提高功能性便秘患儿生活质量提供新方法。

血管紧张素Ⅳ与急性脑梗死患者认知功能障碍及严重程度的相关性

目的探究急性脑梗死(ACI)患者血清血管紧张素(Ang)、AngⅣ水平变化,并分析患者血清Ang、AngⅣ与认知功能障碍及严重程度的相关性。方法选取2020年1月至2023年1月江阴市人民医院神经内科收治的ACI患者280例,根据简易智能状态检查量表评分进行分组,将其分为认知正常组147例(≥27分)和认知障碍组133例(<27分);认知障碍组133例分为轻度组50例(21~26分),中度组44例(10~20分),重度组39例(<10分)。另外根据Pullicino公式计算梗死体积(V),将280例ACI患者分为以下3个亚组:V<5cm^(3)为轻度梗死组80例;V 5~10cm^(3)为中度梗死组130例;V>10cm^(3)为重度梗死组70例。分别比较不同组别血清Ang、AngⅣ水平。采用Pearson相关性分析Ang、AngⅣ与ACI患者认知功能障碍及严重程度的相关性。结果认知障碍组血清Ang、AngⅣ水平高于认知正常组(P<0.01)。轻度组、中度组、重度组血清Ang、AngⅣ水平比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);进一步两两比较,重度组、中度组血清Ang、AngⅣ水平高于轻度组(P<0.01);重度组血清Ang、AngⅣ水平高于中度组(P<0.01)。重度梗死组、中度梗死组、轻度梗死组血清Ang、AngⅣ水平比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);进一步两两比较,重度梗死组、中度梗死组血清Ang、AngⅣ水平高于轻度梗死组(P<0.01);重度梗死组血清Ang、AngⅣ水平高于中度梗死组(P<0.01)。Pearson相关性分析显示,ACI患者血清Ang、AngⅣ水平与认知功能障碍呈正相关(r=0.764,P=0.000;r=0.792,P=0.000),血清Ang、AngⅣ水平与严重程度呈正相关(r=0.801,P=0.000;r=0.807,P=0.000)。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,年龄、高血压、糖尿病、高脂血症、吸烟、遗传、Ang、AngⅣ均为影响认知的高危因素。结论ACI患者血清Ang、AngⅣ水平升高。随着认知功能障碍严重程度升高及梗死面积增大,ACI患者血清Ang、AngⅣ水平越高,且呈正相关。血清Ang、AngⅣ水平可以作为判断ACI认知功能障碍及严重程度的标志物,且影响认知的高危因素较多,其中血清Ang、AngⅣ水平也是其中之一。临床应结合高危因素优化治疗方案,以降低ACI后的认知功能障碍发生率。

基于典型相关分析的脑网络研究方法综述

脑网络分析在研究大脑的认知活动、探究大脑的信息处理模式和辅助精神类疾病的诊断等方面都起着重要作用。近年来,基于多变量数据集的脑网络研究方法得到了普遍关注。典型相关分析(CCA)作为一种基于数据驱动的多元统计方法,能够有效捕捉多变量数据间的隐含关系,被广泛地应用于脑网络研究。综述CCA在脑网络研究中的作用、具体应用模式、存在的优势和局限性。首先,对传统的CCA其及常见变体的算法原理进行归纳总结;然后,阐述基于CCA分析方法在脑网络构建、脑网络分析、脑网络标记物识别方面的研究现状;最后,对基于CCA的脑网络研究方法进行总结并探讨未来研究的方向。

基于功能性近红外光谱技术探索脑卒中后偏瘫患者不同踝关节牵伸训练任务与皮层活动的相关性

目的:通过功能性近红外光谱技术(fNIRS)初步探讨脑卒中后偏瘫患者在执行不同踝关节牵伸训练任务过程中大脑皮层感兴趣区域(ROIs)的激活差异及其相关性。方法:将26例脑卒中偏瘫患者分为2组:非优势半球组患者14例,优势半球组患者12例。病例入组时,首先对受试者进行临床功能评估,再运用fNIRS监测受试者在执行患侧踝关节牵伸训练任务过程中ROIs氧合血红蛋白(oxy-Hb)的浓度变化。结果:主动踝关节背屈与跖屈训练任务的脑区激活程度高于被动踝关节背屈与跖屈训练及静息状态(P<0.05),而踝关节被动牵伸训练任务的脑区激活程度高于静息状态(P<0.05)。另外,优势半球组患者受累侧ROIs激活整体上高于非受累侧,且大脑半球偏侧化指数(LI)数值大于0的可能性大。非优势半球组患者在执行患侧踝关节牵伸训练任务时,感觉运动皮层(SMC)的激活程度与6min步行试验(6MWT)的步行距离成正相关(r=0.5531~0.6165,P<0.05)。结论:脑卒中后偏瘫患者踝关节不同牵伸训练任务与皮层活动存在一定的差异及相关性。