General laws of funding for scientific citations:how citations change in funded and unfunded research between basic and applied sciences

Purpose:The goal of this study is to analyze the relationship between funded and unfunded papers and their citations in both basic and applied sciences.Design/methodology/approach:A power law model analyzes the relationship between research funding and citations of papers using 831,337 documents recorded in the Web of Science database.Findings:The original results reveal general characteristics of the diffusion of science in research fields:a)Funded articles receive higher citations compared to unfunded papers in journals;b)Funded articles exhibit a super-linear growth in citations,surpassing the increase seen in unfunded articles.This finding reveals a higher diffusion of scientific knowledge in funded articles.Moreover,c)funded articles in both basic and applied sciences demonstrate a similar expected change in citations,equivalent to about 1.23%,when the number of funded papers increases by 1%in journals.This result suggests,for the first time,that funding effect of scientific research is an invariant driver,irrespective of the nature of the basic or applied sciences.Originality/value:This evidence suggests empirical laws of funding for scientific citations that explain the importance of robust funding mechanisms for achieving impactful research outcomes in science and society.These findings here also highlight that funding for scientific research is a critical driving force in supporting citations and the dissemination of scientific knowledge in recorded documents in both basic and applied sciences.Practical implications:This comprehensive result provides a holistic view of the relationship between funding and citation performance in science to guide policymakers and R&D managers with science policies by directing funding to research in promoting the scientific development and higher diffusion of results for the progress of human society.

The pulsed high magnetic field facility and scientific research at Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center

Wuhan National High Magnetic Field Center(WHMFC)at Huazhong University of Science and Technology is one of the top-class research centers in the world,which can offer pulsed fields up to 90.6 T with different field waveforms for scientific research and has passed the final evaluation of the Chinese government in 2014.This paper will give a brief introduction of the facility and the development status of pulsed magnetic fields research at WHMFC.In addition,it will describe the application development of pulsed magnetic fields in both scientific and industrial research.

Early identification of scientific breakthroughs through outlier analysis based on research entities

Purpose:To address the“anomalies”that occur when scientific breakthroughs emerge,this study focuses on identifying early signs and nascent stages of breakthrough innovations from the perspective of outliers,aiming to achieve early identification of scientific breakthroughs in papers.Design/methodology/approach:This study utilizes semantic technology to extract research entities from the titles and abstracts of papers to represent each paper’s research content.Outlier detection methods are then employed to measure and analyze the anomalies in breakthrough papers during their early stages.The development and evolution process are traced using literature time tags.Finally,a case study is conducted using the key publications of the 2021 Nobel Prize laureates in Physiology or Medicine.Findings:Through manual analysis of all identified outlier papers,the effectiveness of the proposed method for early identifying potential scientific breakthroughs is verified.Research limitations:The study’s applicability has only been empirically tested in the biomedical field.More data from various fields are needed to validate the robustness and generalizability of the method.Practical implications:This study provides a valuable supplement to current methods for early identification of scientific breakthroughs,effectively supporting technological intelligence decision-making and services.Originality/value:The study introduces a novel approach to early identification of scientific breakthroughs by leveraging outlier analysis of research entities,offering a more sensitive,precise,and fine-grained alternative method compared to traditional citation-based evaluations,which enhances the ability to identify nascent breakthrough innovations.

An analysis of major scientific problems and research paths of Gulong shale oil in Daqing Oilfield, NE China

After the preliminary basic research on the problems encountered during the production period of Gulong shale oil in the Songliao Basin, NE China, and the scientific exploration, the special characteristics of Gulong shale oil in terms of reservoir space, phase distribution, flow pattern, and mineral evolution are proposed. The main results are as follows :(1) The source of organic matter, mechanism of hydrocarbon generation and expulsion, and key factors affecting shale oil abundance;(2) The types and structural characteristics of the reservoir and their contribution to porosity and permeability;(3) The mineral origin and evolution of minerals and their influence on reservoir availability, sensitivity, and compressibility;(4) The rock mechanical characteristics and fracture propagation law of Gulong shale;(5) The shale oil products, phase change law and main control factors of adsorption and desorption conversion of Gulong shale oil;(6) The mechanism of shale oil-liquid, solid-liquid gas interaction and enhanced oil recovery. Three key research suggestions are proposed to realize the large-scale economic utilization of the Gulong shale oil as follows:(1) Deepen research on the mechanism of oil and gas generation and discharge, storage and transportation, to guide the selection of geological sweet spots of shale oil;(2) Deepen research on the compressibility and fracture initiation mechanism to support the selection of engineering sweet spots and optimization of engineering design;(3) Deepen research on the fluid interaction mechanism under reservoir conditions, os us to guide the optimization of development schemes and the selection of EOR technologies. A successful development of Gulong shale oil requires global experts and scholars to contribute multidisciplinary innovative ideas and technical ideas to solve production problems.

Detecting LLM-assisted writing in scientific communication:Are we there yet?

Large Language Models(LLMs),exemplified by ChatGPT,have significantly reshaped text generation,particularly in the realm of writing assistance.While ethical considerations underscore the importance of transparently acknowledging LLM use,especially in scientific communication,genuine acknowledgment remains infrequent.A potential avenue to encourage accurate acknowledging of LLM-assisted writing involves employing automated detectors.Our evaluation of four cutting-edge LLM-generated text detectors reveals their suboptimal performance compared to a simple ad-hoc detector designed to identify abrupt writing style changes around the time of LLM proliferation.We contend that the development of specialized detectors exclusively dedicated to LLM-assisted writing detection is necessary.Such detectors could play a crucial role in fostering more authentic recognition of LLM involvement in scientific communication,addressing the current challenges in acknowledgment practices.

Barriers to Global Recognition of Traditional African Medicines: A Systematic Review of Cultural, Scientific, Regulatory, and Economic Factors

Despite the profound cultural and medicinal heritage of traditional African medicines (TAM), their global recognition remains notably limited. This study investigates the factors behind this issue, focusing on cultural perceptions, scientific validation, regulatory frameworks, and pharmaceutical industry influence. Utilizing a systematic literature review (SLR) to provide a thorough and structured overview, the research addresses these factors with transparency and reproducibility. Key findings reveal that negative cultural perceptions, the dominance of Western medicine, and skepticism towards traditional healers, especially in urban and educated populations, marginalize TAM. Additionally, religious beliefs and historical influences, such as colonialism, further devalue indigenous knowledge systems. The study also highlights a significant lack of scientific research and clinical trials, which challenges the conventional validation of TAM’s efficacy. Moreover, inconsistent international and national regulatory frameworks and the pharmaceutical industry’s dominance impede TAM’s integration into global healthcare systems. To enhance TAM’s credibility and global acceptance, the study advocates for standardized regulatory policies, increased scientific research, and a reevaluation of intellectual property laws. This shift towards a more inclusive and integrative approach in global health systems could bridge the gap between traditional and modern medical practices, promoting a more holistic understanding of health and wellness.

SciCN:A Scientific Dataset for Chinese Named Entity Recognition

Named entity recognition(NER)is a fundamental task of information extraction(IE),and it has attracted considerable research attention in recent years.The abundant annotated English NER datasets have significantly promoted the NER research in the English field.By contrast,much fewer efforts are made to the Chinese NER research,especially in the scientific domain,due to the scarcity of Chinese NER datasets.To alleviate this problem,we present aChinese scientificNER dataset–SciCN,which contains entity annotations of titles and abstracts derived from 3,500 scientific papers.We manually annotate a total of 62,059 entities,and these entities are classified into six types.Compared to English scientific NER datasets,SciCN has a larger scale and is more diverse,for it not only contains more paper abstracts but these abstracts are derived from more research fields.To investigate the properties of SciCN and provide baselines for future research,we adapt a number of previous state-of-theart Chinese NER models to evaluate SciCN.Experimental results show that SciCN is more challenging than other Chinese NER datasets.In addition,previous studies have proven the effectiveness of using lexicons to enhance Chinese NER models.Motivated by this fact,we provide a scientific domain-specific lexicon.Validation results demonstrate that our lexicon delivers better performance gains than lexicons of other domains.We hope that the SciCN dataset and the lexicon will enable us to benchmark the NER task regarding the Chinese scientific domain and make progress for future research.The dataset and lexicon are available at:https://github.com/yangjingla/SciCN.git.

Research on Visualization in Scientific Computation of Grinding Temperature Field

The paper introduces the concepts, classification and method of visualization in scientific computation. Visual C++ developing tool is used to compute surface grinding forces and grinding temperature field models. The three-dimensional entity model of workpiece is made with OpenGL tool, and the different colors on the workpiece entity show different value of temperature, so the visualization of grinding temperature field is realized. The temperature value of every points in grinding temperature field, the curves on surface temperature field and along depth direction are all given. The paper introduces method of visualization in scientific computation, and applies the visualization in scientific computation to the visualization of grinding temperature field. The displaying entity model of workpiece is made with OpenGL tool. The workpiece model is divided into griddings. The heat model is chosen and numerically computed, so the temperature values of every points can be attained. Three different view classes are used to display temperature data, temperature curves on the surface and along the depth direction, and the visualization distribution of three-dimensional temperature field. The visualization of grinding temperature is realized, and the display results of grinding temperature field can be dynamically changed by changing input parameters. Thus, a new path for researching grinding temperature field is developed.

A Brief Overview of the Development and Significance of Modern Scientific Medicine in China:Take Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College as an Example

Since the early 20th century,China has gradually established a clinical,educational,and research system centered around modern scientific medicine,which has now become the dominant force in China's medical and health system and services,with the construction and development of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College as the most prominent symbol.The scientific medicine in the new era requires close cooperation across multiple disciplines and fields to build a high-quality and efficient medical and health service system.It also involves combining the excellent traditional Chinese culture with Western medicine to explore a unique path of modern scientific medicine with Chinese characteristics.

Cultivation Path of Nursing Undergraduates’Scientific Research and Innovation Ability

Objective: The cultivation of the innovation ability and scientific research is one of the nursing learning objectives for undergraduate students. To explore the method and effect of training system of scientific research innovation ability of nursing undergraduates based on “3332”. Methods: Three course learning modules are constructed: stage-based course learning module, systematic project practice training module and comprehensive practice training module. A practical training platform for scientific research innovation projects is built, and undergraduate scientific research innovation ability training is carried out from both in-class and out-of-class lines. Results: Since 2017, the students have obtained 7 national innovation and entrepreneurship training programs, 52 university-level undergraduate scientific research projects, published more than 10 academic papers, and obtained 2 patent authorization. Conclusions: The training system of scientific research innovation ability of nursing undergraduates based on “3332” is conducive to the development of scientific research innovation ability of nursing students, and to cultivate nursing talents who can adapt to the development of the new era and have better post competence.

The Four Dimensional Connotation Definition of Scientific Understanding of the Ocean and Human Practical Achievements

By analyzing the sustainable development process of strengthening marine environmental protection and global reporting and assessment of marine environmental conditions since the Human Environment Conference, this paper summarizes the scientific connotation of “scientific understanding of the ocean” reflected in the United Nations Global Marine Environmental Assessment Report, proposes the etymological definition and specific coverage, representative global and regional practical experience of scientific understanding of the ocean, and further analyzes and defines the human activities and cognitive evolution process of “scientific understanding of the ocean”. It marks the leap in human cognition in four dimensions: observation and evaluation, intervention and regulation, disciplinary knowledge system, and supporting guarantee system. It condenses the connotation definitions and human practical achievements of each dimension, and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to strengthen marine environmental protection and sustainable development.

Scientific control of cyanobacterial blooms and their secondary hazards

Cyanobacteria blooms and their secondary hazards(cyanotoxins,taste and odor compounds)continue to harm the ecological environment of natural and semi-artificially regulated water bodies in the world,thus affecting the safety of water supply and aquatic product quality.The 8 th National Cyanobacteria Bloom Forum was successfully held on July 14-16,2023,in Tianjin,China.The forum established an academic exchange platform for nearly 300 water ecology experts,reservoir managers,and aquaculture technicians.

Scientific Data Intellectual Property Research by Literature Statistics

The main obstacle to the open sharing of scientific data is the lack of a legal protection system for intellectual property.This article analyzes the progress of research papers on intellectual property in scientific data in China through literature search and statistics.Currently,research subjects are unbalanced,research content is uneven,research methods are intellectual single,and research depth is insufficient.It is recommended that different stakeholders engage in deep cross disciplinary cooperation,further improve China’s legal and policy protection system for scientific data intellectual property,and promote the open sharing of scientific data.

Construction and Practice of Transformation System of Scientific and Technological Achievements in Agriculture:A Case Study of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences

Accelerating the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements is a key link in implementing innovation-driven development strategy and rural revitalization strategy,and improving development quality and core competitiveness.How to build a scientific and systematic transformation system of scientific and technological achievements and improve the overall management level of scientific and technological achievements transformation of agricultural scientific research institutes is one of the key tasks to measure how a scientific research institute supports industry and serves society.Taking the Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences as an example,this paper explores the construction and practice of its scientific and technological achievements transformation system since the 13 th Five-Year Plan period.By arranging the current situation of resource elements for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,analyzing the progress of the construction of the scientific and technological achievements transformation system,summarizing the practical results of the scientific and technological achievements transformation system,this paper puts forward 10 strategies and measures(implementing key projects for the transformation and application of scientific and technological achievements;striving to promote the transformation and application of on-duty scientific and technological achievements;accelerating the development and utilization of advantageous and characteristic resources;strengthening the use and protection of intellectual property rights;actively expanding cooperation activities between government,industry and research;increasing special financial support for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements;innovating state-owned asset management to accelerate scientific and technological development;piloting equity incentives to expand scientific and technological development channels to increase income;striving to create a relaxed environment for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements,effectively create scientific and technological value,enhance the development strength of the institute,and promote high-quality industrial development)in order to provide a useful reference for the transformation of scientific and technological achievements of agricultural research institutes.

Application of Academic Salons in Cultivating the Scientific Research Skills of First-Year Nursing Master’s Students

Objective:To explore the application effect of academic salons on developing the scientific research skills of first-year nursing master’s students.Methods:According to Wallas’four-stage model of the creative process,from November 2022 to February 2023,66 first-year nursing master’s students from the School of Nursing at Zhejiang Chinese Medical University were selected using a convenient sampling method to participate in a multidisciplinary academic salon consisting of a total of 8 sessions held once every two weeks.Before the first and after the last academic salon,postgraduate research skills evaluation questionnaires and perception of research skills acquisition questionnaires were used to assess first-year nursing master’s students.A semi-structured interview was conducted with nine students after the final academic salon.Results:The total scores for scientific research skills and sense of achievement among first-year nursing master’s students after the academic salon were higher than those before the salon,and the difference was statistically significant.The interview results showed that the“salon theme,”“tutor comments,”and“sharer output”are the focus of the first-year nursing master’s students in the academic salon.Conclusions:Academic salons can enhance postgraduate students’scientific research skills and foster a greater appreciation for scientific research.We can enhance academic salons by carefully choosing relevant themes,inviting knowledgeable presenters and expert tutors to provide feedback,and prioritizing equality and effective communication.

The Impact of Student Club Development on the Scientific Literacy of Vocational College Students

This paper explores the impact of student club development on the scientific literacy of vocational college students.As society increasingly values innovation and scientific literacy,vocational colleges bear a significant responsibility in cultivating students’overall quality.Taking the Modeling and Simulation student club as a case study,the research team conducted a 12-week study.The results indicate that various club activities aimed at enhancing scientific literacy have positively influenced the development of students’scientific competencies.Students’practical skills and innovative thinking have been effectively improved.Our research demonstrates the positive role of student clubs in enhancing the scientific literacy of vocational college students,providing valuable experience and references for the development of similar clubs in the future.

Three Dimensions of Cultivating New Generations: Value Implication, Scientific Connotation, and Cultivation Path

The new generation of the times is the latest requirement for young people in the new era,and it is the latest training goal for young people put forward by the Party and the country in the face of the second centennial goal.At the 19th National Congress,it was put forward by the country that the concept of“new generation of the times”for the first time,indicating the training direction and theoretical guidance for the new generation of the times.The new age requires young people to have firm ideals and beliefs,excellent skills,and a great spirit of responsibility.The proposition of cultivating a new generation of the times is a deep exploration and summary of Marx’s theory of“all-round human development,”Lenin’s youth view and the education view of excellent traditional Chinese culture,and the proposition needs to strengthen the leadership of the Party,give play to the leading role of socialist core values,and the youth themselves should actively act to realize the transformation of theoretical and practical results.

International scientific communications in the field of colorectal tumour markers

AIM To analyze scientometrically the dynamic science internationalization on colorectal tumour markers as reflected in five information portals and to outline the significant journals, scientists and institutions.METHODS A retrospective problem-oriented search was performed in Web of Science Core Collection(Wo S), MEDLINE, BIOSIS Citation Index(BIOSIS) and Scopus for 1986-2015 as well as in Dervent Innovations Index(Derwent) for 1995-2015. Several specific scientometric parameters of the publication output and citation activity were comparatively analyzed. The following scientometric parameters were analyzed:(1) annual dynamics of publications;(2) scientific institutions;(3) journals;(4) authors;(5) scientific forums;(6) patents-number of patents, names and countries of inventors, and(7) citations(number of citations to publications by single authors received in WoS, BIOSIS Citation Index and Scopus).RESULTS There is a trend towards increasing publication output on colorectal tumour markers worldwide along with high citation rates. Authors from 70 countries have published their research results in journals and conference proceedings in 21 languages. There is considerable country stratification similar to that in most systematic investigations. The information provided to end users and scientometricians varies between these data-bases in terms of most parameters due to different journal coverage, indexing systems and editorial policy. The lists of the so-called "core" journals and most productive authors in Wo S, BIOSIS, MEDLINE and Scopus along with the list of the most productive authors-inventors in Derwent present a particular interest to the beginners in the field, the institutional and national science managers and the journal editorial board members. The role of the purposeful assessment of scientific forums and patents is emphasized. CONCLUSION Our results along with this problem-oriented collection containing the researchers' names, addresses and publications could contribute to a more effective international collaboration of the coloproctologists from smaller countries and thus improve their visibility on the world information market.

Exploration of Diversified Talent Training and Collaborative Innovation Models from the Perspective of Scientific Research Team Construction and Collaborative Management Mechanism in Applied Undergraduate Universities

This study is dedicated to exploring the role of scientific research team construction and collaborative management mechanisms in applied undergraduate universities in promoting diversified talent training and collaborative innovation models.By forming an interdisciplinary scientific research team and recording in detail the team’s performance,problems encountered,and solutions during the collaborative innovation process,the study found that interdisciplinary team construction significantly improved scientific research timeliness,which was 29.33%higher than that of traditional single-disciplinary teams.Therefore,the construction of interdisciplinary scientific research teams and collaborative management mechanisms are effective ways for applied undergraduate universities to promote diversified talent training and collaborative innovation.

To Improve the Effectiveness of Anti-secession and Anti-osmosis in Ideological Field of Xinjiang Higher Vocational Colleges under the Guidance of Scientific Outlook on Development

The source structure of students in Xinjiang higher vocational colleges is complicated; most of the students have multi-variant ideologies and weak self-control ability. Under such background, the struggle of anti-cession and anti-osmosis in the ideological field of Xinjiang higher vocational colleges will become more severe. As the domestic and foreign hostile forces conduct more and more osmosis means in the ideological field of Xinjiang higher vocational colleges and the situations become more and more complicated, the splittism of Xinjiang nations gradually escalates. They have not only made some violent and terrorist activities in the society, but also used the religion to split and permeate the students in higher vocational colleges and some teenagers. Higher vocational colleges are the main export to transmit talents to the nation and the society, so we have to pay enough attention to ideological cultivation and education of students.