《长沙走马楼西汉简牍选粹》释文补正

《长沙走马楼西汉简牍选粹》公布了最新西汉简牍资料120枚。基于红外影像图版,通过系统校读简文释文,并参考未刊走马楼西汉简牍文献资料,对《长沙走马楼西汉简牍选粹》所收简牍释文进行补充和订正。其中,订正释文文字14例,补释未释文字29例,修订脱文衍文1例。这一个案研究,将有利于推动走马楼西汉简牍新材料的应用和探讨。

Flotation separation of brucite and calcite in dodecylamine system enhanced by regulator potassium dihydrogen phosphate

To achieve efficient flotation separation of brucite and calcite,flotation separation experiments were conducted on two minerals using dodecylamine(DDA)as the collector and potassium dihydrogen phosphate(PDP)as the regulator.The action mechanism of DDA and PDP was explored through contact angle measurement,zeta potential detection,solution chemistry calculation,FTIR analysis,and XPS detection.The flotation results showed that when DDA dosage was 35 mg/L and PDP dosage was 40 mg/L,the maximum floating difference between brucite and calcite was 79.81%,and the selectivity separation index was 6.46.The detection analysis showed that the main dissolved component HPO_(4)^(2−)of PDP is selectively strongly adsorbed on the Ca site on the surface of calcite,promoting the adsorption of the main dissolved component RNH_(3)^(+)of DDA on calcite surface,while brucite is basically not affected by PDP.Therefore,PDP is an effective regulator for the reverse flotation separation of brucite and calcite in DDA system.

Effects of frothers on bubbles size and flotation performance of hydrophobic minerals

Frothers facilitate the reduction of bubbles size by preventing bubbles coalescence and produce more stable froths.The collision probability of the bubbles and particles substantially increases by decreasing bubble size.For the same volume system,fewer bubbles result from a distribution of large-sized bubbles,and more bubbles result from a distribution of small-sized bubbles.In this research,fundamental two-phase frother characterization parameters were aimed to link with three-phase coal and talc flotation behavior.For this purpose,the effect of single and dual frother systems on inhibiting bubble coalescence was investigated with methyl isobutyl carbinol(MIBC),isooctanol(2 ethyl hexanol),pine oil,and Dowfroth 250.Based on the results of single frothers,isooctanol at the lowest critical coalescence concentration(CCC)value of 6×10^(−6) achieved the smallest bubbles with Sauter mean diameter of 0.80 mm.By blending Dowfroth 250 and pine oil,the bubbles size decreased significantly,reaching 0.45 mm.While the highest recoveries in coal flotation were obtained in single and frother blends where the bubbles size was measured as the smallest in two-phase system,and such a relationship was not found for talc flotation.

Development and Application of Detection Methods for Capture and Transcription Elongation Rate of Bacterial Nascent RNA

Objective Detection and quantification of RNA synthesis in cells is a widely used technique for monitoring cell viability,health,and metabolic rate.After exposure to environmental stimuli,both the internal reference gene and target gene would be degraded.As a result,it is imperative to consider the accurate capture of nascent RNA and the detection of transcriptional levels of RNA following environmental stimulation.This study aims to create a Click Chemistry method that utilizes its property to capture nascent RNA from total RNA that was stimulated by the environment.Methods The new RNA was labeled with 5-ethyluridine(5-EU)instead of uracil,and the azido-biotin medium ligand was connected to the magnetic sphere using a combination of“Click Chemistry”and magnetic bead screening.Then the new RNA was captured and the transcription rate of 16S rRNA was detected by fluorescence molecular beacon(M.B.)and quantitative reverse transcription PCR(qRT-PCR).Results The bacterial nascent RNA captured by“Click Chemistry”screening can be used as a reverse transcription template to form cDNA.Combined with the fluorescent molecular beacon M.B.1,the synthesis rate of rRNA at 37℃is 1.2 times higher than that at 15℃.The 16S rRNA gene and cspI gene can be detected by fluorescent quantitative PCR,it was found that the measured relative gene expression changes were significantly enhanced at 25℃and 16℃when analyzed with nascent RNA rather than total RNA,enabling accurate detection of RNA transcription rates.Conclusion Compared to other article reported experimental methods that utilize screening magnetic columns,the technical scheme employed in this study is more suitable for bacteria,and the operation steps are simple and easy to implement,making it an effective RNA capture method for researchers.

Industrial utilization of arsenic-containing gold dressing tailings as pellet prepared by straight grate process

The utilization of arsenic-containing gold dressing tailings is an urgent issue faced by gold production companies worldwide.The thermodynamic analysis results indicate that ferrous arsenate(FeAsO_(4)),pyrite(FeS_(2))and sodium cyanide(NaCN)in the arsenic-containing gold metallurgical tailings can be effectively removed using straight grate process,and the removal of pyrite and sodium cyanide is basically completed during the preheating stage,while the removal of ferrous arsenate requires the roasting stage.The pellets undergo a transformation from magnetite to hematite during the preheating process,and are solidified through micro-crystalline bonding and high-temperature recrystallization of hematite(Fe_(2)O_(3))during the roasting process.Ultimately,pellets with removal rates of 80.77% for arsenic,88.78% for sulfur,and 99.88% for cyanide are obtained,as well as the iron content is 61.1% and the compressive strength is 3071 N,meeting the requirements for blast furnace burden.This study provides an industrially feasible method for treating arsenic-containing gold smelting tailings,benefiting gold production enterprises.

Controlling Reactivity of Palladium Amides for Selective Carbonylation towards Urea and Oxamide Derivatives

Carbonylation reactions,crucial for carbonyl group incorporation,struggle with the inherent complexity of achieving selective mono-or double-carbonylation on single substrates,often due to competing reaction pathways.Herein,our study introduces a strategy employing palladium amides,harnessing their unique reactivity control,to direct the selective carbonylation of amines for the targeted synthesis of urea and oxamide derivatives.The palladium amide structure was elucidated using single-crystal X-ray diffraction.Controlled experiments and cyclic voltammetry studies further elucidate that the oxidation of palladium amide or its insertion into a carbonyl group diverges into distinct pathways.By employing sodium percarbonate as an eco-friendly oxidant and base,we have successfully constructed a switchable carbonylation system co-catalyzed by palladium and iodide under room temperature.The utilizing strategy in this study not only facilitates effective control over reaction selectivity but also mitigates the risk of explosions,a critical safety concern in traditional carbonylation methods.

The Applications of CRISPR Screening in Aging Research

The advancement of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats(CRISPR)gene editing technology has revolutionized the comprehension of human genome,propelling molecular and cellular biology research into unexplored realms and accelerating progress in life sciences and medicine.CRISPR-based gene screening,recognized for its efficiency and practicality,is widely utilized across diverse biological fields.Aging is a multifaceted process governed by a myriad of genetic and epigenetic factors.Unraveling the genes regulating aging holds promise for understanding this intricate phenomenon and devising strategies for its assessment and intervention.This review provides a comprehensive overview of the progress in CRISPR screening and its applications in aging research,while also offering insights into future directions.CRISPR-based genetic-manipulation tools are positioned as indispensable instruments for mitigating aging and managing age-related diseases.

Single atom doping induced charge-specific distribution of Cu1-TiO_(2)for selective aniline oxidation via a new mechanism

Utilizing single atom sites doping into metal oxides to modulate their intrinsic active sites,achieving precise selectivity control in complex organic reactions,is a highly desirable yet challenging endeavor.Meanwhile,identifying the active site also represents a significant obstacle,primarily due to the intricate electronic environment of single atom site doped metal oxide.Herein,a single atom Cu doped TiO_(2)catalyst(Cu_(1)-TiO_(2))is prepared via a simple“colloid-acid treatment”strategy,which switches aniline oxidation selectivity of TiO_(2)from azoxybenzene to nitrosobenzene,without using additives or changing solvent,while other metal or nonmetal doped TiO_(2)did not possess.Comprehensive mechanistic investigations and DFT calculations unveil that Ti-O active site is responsible for triggering the aniline to form a new PhNOH intermediate,two PhNOH condense to azoxybenzene over TiO_(2)catalyst.As for Cu_(1)-TiO_(2),the charge-specific distribution between the isolated Cu and TiO_(2)generates unique Cu_(1)-O-Ti hybridization structure with nine catalytic active sites,eight of them make PhNOH take place spontaneous dissociation to produce nitrosobenzene.This work not only unveils a new mechanistic pathway featuring the PhNOH intermediate in aniline oxidation for the first time but also presents a novel approach for constructing single-atom doped metal oxides and exploring their intricate active sites.

Crack elimination and strength enhancement mechanisms of selective laser melted Si-modified Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy

In order to increase the processability and process window of the selective laser melting(SLM)-fabricated Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy,a novel Si-modified Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy was designed.The effect of Si alloying on the surface quality,processability,microstructure,and mechanical properties of the SLM-fabricated alloy was studied.The results showed that introducing Si into the Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy prevented balling and keyhole formation,refined the grain size,and reduced the solidification temperature,which eliminated cracks and increased the processability and process window of the alloy.The maximum relative density of the SLM-fabricated Si/Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr alloy reached 99.6%.The yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of the alloy were(371±7)MPa and(518±6)MPa,respectively.These values were higher than those of the SLM-fabricated Al−Mn−Mg−Er−Zr and other Sc-free Al−Mg-based alloys.

Enhancing selectivity in acidic CO_(2)electrolysis:Cation effects and catalyst innovation

The electrochemical reduction of CO_(2)(eCO_(2)R)under ambient conditions is crucial for reducing carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality.Despite progress with alkaline and neutral elec-trolytes,their efficiency is limited by(bi)carbonates formation.Acidic media have emerged as a solution,addressing the(bi)carbonates challenge but introducing the issue of the hydrogen evolu-tion reaction(HER),which reduces CO_(2)conversion efficiency in acidic environments.This review focuses on enhancing the selectivity of acidic CO_(2)electrolysis.It commences with an overview of the latest advancements in acidic CO_(2)electrolysis,focusing on product selectivity and electrocatalytic activity enhancements.It then delves into the critical factors shaping selectivity in acidic CO_(2)elec-trolysis,with a special emphasis on the influence of cations and catalyst design.Finally,the research challenges and personal perspectives of acidic CO_(2)electrolysis are suggested.

一种磁选机卸矿装置的开发与应用

尖山铁矿开发了一种湿式筒式磁选机的精矿卸矿装置,重点对该装置的设计方案和实施应用方式进行阐述。应用实践表明,该装置能调节供水压力及卸矿水管与磁滚筒的不同位置出水角度,并有利于及时疏通维护,能有效地冲洗磁选机滚筒表面精矿,提高磁选机选别效果和延长磁滚筒筒皮使用周期,同时可取得显著的经济效益。

《宋代地券书法精选》所收两方买地券校补

《宋代地券书法精选》收录了许多品相精良、艺术价值较高的宋代买地券拓片。由于某些原因,其释文存在着字形辨析有误、繁简混淆、正俗字不分、标点误断而造成词语不辞、文意不通等错误,直接影响到宋代地券材料的有效利用。综合运用文字学、语言学、文献学等多学科知识,纠正《宋故郭氏夫人地券文》《宋故胡七娘地券》释文中所存在的错误,以期对宋代买地券的整理、研究与欣赏提供有益的借鉴。

Effect of sodium hexametaphosphate on separation of serpentine from pyrite

The effect of sodium hexametaphosphate（SHMP） on the separation of serpentine from pyrite and its mechanism were studied systematically through flotation tests,sedimentation tests,surface dissolution,ζ potential tests,adsorption measurements,and infrared spectroscopic analyses.The results show that the SHMP could significantly reduce the adverse effect of serpentine on the flotation of pyrite and make the mixed sample of pyrite and serpentine more disperse in the alkaline condition,thus improve the adsorption of xanthate on pyrite.The action mechanism of the SHMP is that it lowers the pH value at the isoelectric point of serpentine and enhances the negative charge through the dissolution of magnesium from the surface of serpentine and adsorbing on the surface of serpentine.It changes the total interaction energy between serpentine and pyrite from gravitational potential energy to repulse potential energy,according to the calculation of the EDLVO theory.

Utilization of nickel slag using selective reduction followed by magnetic separation

In order to utilize slag discarded by nickel plants, the selective recovery of nickel and copper versus iron was investigated by selective reduction, which was achieved by controlling the reduction parameters and magnetic separation process on bench scale. The results show that increasing the basicity （mass ratio of CaO to SIO2） of nickel slag facilitates the enrichment of nickel and copper The process parameters for selective reduction were optimized as follows： basicity of 0.15, reducing at 1200 ~C for 20 min, 5% coal on a dried slag mass base. The grinding-magnetic separation results of reduced briquettes show that concentrate containing 3.25%Ni, 1.20%Cu and 75.26%Fe is obtained and selective enrichment is achieved with a recovery of 82.20%, 80.00% for nickel and copper respectively, while the recovery of iron is only 42.17%. The S and P contents are not reduced obviously and further research may be needed to examine the behaviors of S and P in the process.

Effect of surface dissolution on flotation separation of fine ilmenite from titanaugite

The influence of surface dissolution on flotation separation of fine ilmenite from titanaugite was investigated through infrared spectroscopic （FT-IR） analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） test. The results show that surface dissolution in weak acid solution is helpful to enlarge the floatability difference between ilmenite and titanaugite. In weak acidic solution, as sodium oleate mainly interacts with Fe which results in ilmenite flotation, and surface dissolution is beneficial to its oxidation, the floatability of ilmenite after surface dissolution is increased; meanwhile, sodium oleate interacts with Ca and Mg which results in titanangite flotation, and the quantities of Ca and Mg on the surface of titanautite are decreased due to the surface dissolution, so the floatability of titanaugite after surface dissolution is depressed. For an ilmenite ore obtained from Panzhihua with TiO2 grade of 8.41%, flotation after surface dissolution treatment could increase TiO2 grade of rough concentrate from 26.7% to 31.73 %.

Electro-flotation and collision-attachment mechanism of fine cassiterite

In order to discuss the particle-bubble interaction during the electro-flotation of cassiterite,the recovery of cassiterite with different particle sizes was investigated,and the collision mechanism between the cassiterite particles and H2 bubbles was explored.The flotation tests were carried out in a single bubble flotation cell.The results show that cassiterite particles 10 μm,10-20 μm,20？38 μm and 38-74 μm match with bubbles with size of 50-150 μm,about 250 μm,74 μm and 74 μm,respectively,and a better recovery can be obtained.It is demonstrated that the recovery of cassiterite is influenced by the size of cassiterite particles and bubbles.Furthermore,the probabilities of collision,adhesion,detachment and collection were calculated using the collision,attachment and collection models.Theoretical calculation results show that the collision probability decreases sharply with decreasing particle size and increasing bubble size（below 150 μm）.The attachment probability would increase from the effective collision,leading to the increase of recovery.

Flotation recovery of vanadium from low-grade stone coal

Pre-concentration of vanadium from low-grade stone coal by the method of desliming-flotation was investigated. The mineral composition and microstructure of stone coal were studied systematically by means of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry （XRF）, X-ray diffraction （XRD） and scanning electron microscopy （SEM）. The results show that selective separation of vanadium-bearing minerals can be achieved by flotation in acidic solution using melamine （EA）. The final vanadium concentrate with V2O5 grade of 1.88% and recovery rate of 76.58% is obtained by desliming-flotation process and 72.51% of the raw ore is rejected as tailings. The pre-concentration of vanadium from low-grade stone coal can increase V2O5 grade and decrease the content of acid consuming minerals, which would enable economical utilization of metallurgical vanadium extraction technology.

Flotation separation of chalcopyrite from galena by sodium humate and ammonium persulfate

The flotabilities of chalcopyrite and galena with sodium humate（HA） and ammonium persulfate（APS） as the depressant were studied by flotation test, adsorption measurement and infrared spectroscopic analysis. Single mineral flotation test shows that the slurry oxidation environment and the proper oxidation of galena surface are prerequisites for the depression of galena by sodium humate. The closed-circuit flotation test of copper/lead bulk concentrate shows that the grade and recovery of Cu reach 30.47% and 89.16% respectively and those of Pb reach 2.06% and1.58% respectively in copper concentrate, and the grade and recovery of Pb reach 50.34% and 98.42% and those of Cu reach 1.45% and 10.84% respectively in lead concentrate with HA and APS. The selective depression effect of HA and APS is more obvious than that of potassium dichromate. The results of FTIR analysis and adsorption measurements indicate that the adsorption of sodium humate on the fresh surface of galena is negligible, while after oxidation, sodium humate can be chemically adsorbed on the surface of galena. According to the theory of solubility product, the sodium humate can display the oxidation product PbSO_4, after then, adsorb on the surface of lead chemically to produce inhibitory effect. Thus, it can be seen that the combination of HA and APS is an efficient non-toxic reagent to achieve cleaning separation copper/lead bulk concentrate by flotation. The combination of HA and APS is an efficient non-toxic reagent to achieve cleaning for copper/lead bulk concentrate by flotation.

Microwave assisted grinding of ilmenite ore

The influence of microwave heating on the grinding of Panzhihua ilmenite ore was investigated. Factors that influence the processing are： the microwave exposure time, power density and sample mass. 40 g sample was microwave heated for 30 s with 1 kW of microwave power and followed by water quenching. SEM analysis indicated that intergranular fractures occurred between ores and gangues other than transgranular fractures after microwave treatment, which would liberate minerals from each other effectively. The subsequently magnetic separation trials provided evidence that the recovery rate increased from 44% for raw ore to 72% by microwave treatment.

Correlation and Path Analysis for Growth Traits in F_1 Population of Pearl Oyster Pinctada martensii

120 pearl oysters （Pinctada martensii） were randomly sampled from F1 population, and shell length, shell width, shell height, shell weight and total weight of each sample were measured. Correlation and path analysis were conducted on the basis of measurement data. The results showed that shell length, shell width, shell height, shell weight and total weight were significantly correlated （P 〈 0.05）. Total weight was significantly and positively correlated with shell weight （r = 0.8970）, shell height （r = 0.6974）, shell width （r = 0.6521） and shell length （r = 0.5486）. Shell weight, shell height, shell width and shell length had positive and direct effects on total wet weight, with the values of 0.6356, 0.1872, 0.1814 and 0.0599, respectively. The results indicated that growth traits （shell length, shell width, shell height, shell weight and total wet weigh） of the F1 population could be improved by direct or indirect selection.