●AIM:To determine the teaching effects of a real-time three dimensional(3D)visualization system in the operating room for early-stage phacoemulsification training.●METHODS:A total of 10 ophthalmology residents of th...●AIM:To determine the teaching effects of a real-time three dimensional(3D)visualization system in the operating room for early-stage phacoemulsification training.●METHODS:A total of 10 ophthalmology residents of the first-year postgraduate were included.All the residents were novices to cataract surgery.Real-time cataract surgical observations were performed using a custom-built 3D visualization system.The training lasted 4wk(32h)in all.A modified International Council of Ophthalmology’s Ophthalmology Surgical Competency Assessment Rubric(ICO-OSCAR)containing 4 specific steps of cataract surgery was applied.The self-assessment(self)and expert-assessment(expert)were performed through the microsurgical attempts in the wet lab for each participant.●RESULTS:Compared with pre-training assessments(self 3.2±0.8,expert 2.5±0.6),the overall mean scores of posttraining(self 5.2±0.4,expert 4.7±0.6)were significantly improved after real-time observation training of 3D visualization system(P<0.05).Scores of 4 surgical items were significantly improved both self and expert assessment after training(P<0.05).●CONCLUSION:The 3D observation training provides novice ophthalmic residents with a better understanding of intraocular microsurgical techniques.It is a useful tool to improve teaching efficiency of surgical education.展开更多
Pattern making plays a key role in the aspect of fashion design and garment production, as it serves as the transformative process that turns a simple drawing into a consistent accumulation of garments. The process of...Pattern making plays a key role in the aspect of fashion design and garment production, as it serves as the transformative process that turns a simple drawing into a consistent accumulation of garments. The process of creating conventional or manual patterns requires a significant amount of time and a specialized skill set in various areas such as grading, marker planning, and fabric utilization. This study examines the potential of 3D technology and virtual fashion designing software in optimizing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of pattern production processes. The proposed methodology is characterized by a higher level of comprehensiveness and reliability, resulting in time efficiency and providing a diverse range of design options. The user is not expected to possess comprehensive knowledge of traditional pattern creation procedures prior to engaging in the task. The software offers a range of capabilities including draping, 3D-to-2D and 2D-to-3D unfolding, fabric drivability analysis, ease allowance calculation, add-fullness manipulation, style development, grading, and virtual garment try-on. The strategy will cause a shift in the viewpoints and methodologies of business professionals when it comes to the use of 3D fashion design software. Upon recognizing the potential time, financial, and resource-saving benefits associated with the integration of 3D technology into their design development process, individuals will be motivated to select for its utilization over conventional pattern making methods. Individuals will possess the capacity to transfer their cognitive processes and engage in introspection regarding their professional endeavors and current activities through the utilization of 3D virtual pattern-making and fashion design technologies. To enhance the efficacy and ecological sustainability of designs, designers have the potential to integrate 3D technology with virtual fashion software, thereby compliant advantages for both commercial enterprises and the environment.展开更多
Pigmentation patterns are ubiquitous in nature.Visually striking pigmentation patterns are not only aesthetically appealing,but also crucial to pollinator interaction and plant fitness.The formation of complex floral ...Pigmentation patterns are ubiquitous in nature.Visually striking pigmentation patterns are not only aesthetically appealing,but also crucial to pollinator interaction and plant fitness.The formation of complex floral pigmentation patterns mainly relies on the spatiotemporal expression of R2R3-MYB transcription factors and is often associated with certain floral development programs,such as floral organ identity,symmetry,which likely provide key information to initiate the patterning.For a complex pigmentation pattern to form,at least a pair of activator and inhibitor is required,despite their interaction might vary depending on the system being investigated.The regulation of pigmentation pattern involves multiple molecular mechanisms,such as transcriptional regulation,small RNA,transposon-mediated gene silencing,and methylation of gene body.Identifying these regulators can be facilitated by using single-cell and spatial transcriptomics as well as innovative plant transformation technologies.Moreover,plant organ development and pigmentation patterns are often interdependent,but current methods of describing patterns are static.Therefore,more precise and quantitative measurements are needed to elucidate the developmental mechanisms underlying complex pigmentation patterns in flowers.展开更多
基金Supported by research grants from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2020YFE0204400)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.82271042+1 种基金No.52203191)the Zhejiang Province Key Research and Development Program(No.2023C03090).
文摘●AIM:To determine the teaching effects of a real-time three dimensional(3D)visualization system in the operating room for early-stage phacoemulsification training.●METHODS:A total of 10 ophthalmology residents of the first-year postgraduate were included.All the residents were novices to cataract surgery.Real-time cataract surgical observations were performed using a custom-built 3D visualization system.The training lasted 4wk(32h)in all.A modified International Council of Ophthalmology’s Ophthalmology Surgical Competency Assessment Rubric(ICO-OSCAR)containing 4 specific steps of cataract surgery was applied.The self-assessment(self)and expert-assessment(expert)were performed through the microsurgical attempts in the wet lab for each participant.●RESULTS:Compared with pre-training assessments(self 3.2±0.8,expert 2.5±0.6),the overall mean scores of posttraining(self 5.2±0.4,expert 4.7±0.6)were significantly improved after real-time observation training of 3D visualization system(P<0.05).Scores of 4 surgical items were significantly improved both self and expert assessment after training(P<0.05).●CONCLUSION:The 3D observation training provides novice ophthalmic residents with a better understanding of intraocular microsurgical techniques.It is a useful tool to improve teaching efficiency of surgical education.
文摘Pattern making plays a key role in the aspect of fashion design and garment production, as it serves as the transformative process that turns a simple drawing into a consistent accumulation of garments. The process of creating conventional or manual patterns requires a significant amount of time and a specialized skill set in various areas such as grading, marker planning, and fabric utilization. This study examines the potential of 3D technology and virtual fashion designing software in optimizing the efficiency and cost-effectiveness of pattern production processes. The proposed methodology is characterized by a higher level of comprehensiveness and reliability, resulting in time efficiency and providing a diverse range of design options. The user is not expected to possess comprehensive knowledge of traditional pattern creation procedures prior to engaging in the task. The software offers a range of capabilities including draping, 3D-to-2D and 2D-to-3D unfolding, fabric drivability analysis, ease allowance calculation, add-fullness manipulation, style development, grading, and virtual garment try-on. The strategy will cause a shift in the viewpoints and methodologies of business professionals when it comes to the use of 3D fashion design software. Upon recognizing the potential time, financial, and resource-saving benefits associated with the integration of 3D technology into their design development process, individuals will be motivated to select for its utilization over conventional pattern making methods. Individuals will possess the capacity to transfer their cognitive processes and engage in introspection regarding their professional endeavors and current activities through the utilization of 3D virtual pattern-making and fashion design technologies. To enhance the efficacy and ecological sustainability of designs, designers have the potential to integrate 3D technology with virtual fashion software, thereby compliant advantages for both commercial enterprises and the environment.
基金financially supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.32122078)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.YDZX2023018+1 种基金Grant No.KJYQ2022002)Nanjing Agricultural University start-up funds。
文摘Pigmentation patterns are ubiquitous in nature.Visually striking pigmentation patterns are not only aesthetically appealing,but also crucial to pollinator interaction and plant fitness.The formation of complex floral pigmentation patterns mainly relies on the spatiotemporal expression of R2R3-MYB transcription factors and is often associated with certain floral development programs,such as floral organ identity,symmetry,which likely provide key information to initiate the patterning.For a complex pigmentation pattern to form,at least a pair of activator and inhibitor is required,despite their interaction might vary depending on the system being investigated.The regulation of pigmentation pattern involves multiple molecular mechanisms,such as transcriptional regulation,small RNA,transposon-mediated gene silencing,and methylation of gene body.Identifying these regulators can be facilitated by using single-cell and spatial transcriptomics as well as innovative plant transformation technologies.Moreover,plant organ development and pigmentation patterns are often interdependent,but current methods of describing patterns are static.Therefore,more precise and quantitative measurements are needed to elucidate the developmental mechanisms underlying complex pigmentation patterns in flowers.
