Food allergens are mainly naturally-occurring proteins with immunoglobulin E(IgE)-binding epitopes.Understanding the structural and immunogenic characteristics of allergenic proteins is essential in assessing whether ...Food allergens are mainly naturally-occurring proteins with immunoglobulin E(IgE)-binding epitopes.Understanding the structural and immunogenic characteristics of allergenic proteins is essential in assessing whether and how food processing techniques reduce allergenicity.We here discuss the impacts of food processing technologies on the modification of physicochemical,structural,and immunogenic properties of allergenic proteins.Detection techniques for characterizing changes in these properties of food allergens are summarized.Food processing helps to reduce allergenicity by aggregating or denaturing proteins,which masks,modifies,or destroys antigenic epitopes,whereas,it cannot eliminate allergenicity completely,and sometimes even improves allergenicity by exposing new epitopes.Moreover,most food processing techniques have been tested on purified food allergens rather than food products due to potential interference of other food components.We provide guidance for further development of processing operations that can decrease the allergenicity of allergenic food proteins without negatively impacting the nutritional profile.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to establish an ultra high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/linear ion trap complex mass spectrometry for the determination of 10 kinds ofα2-receptor agonists in animal derived f...[Objectives]The paper was to establish an ultra high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/linear ion trap complex mass spectrometry for the determination of 10 kinds ofα2-receptor agonists in animal derived food.[Methods]The samples were extracted with sodium carbonate buffer solution and ethyl acetate,and analyzed by mass spectrometry after solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography separation.[Results]Ten kinds ofα2-receptor agonists showed a good linear relationship in the range of 1-100μg/mL,with the average recovery of over 69%and the relative standard deviation less than 8.32%.The detection limit of 10 kinds of α_(2)-receptor agonists was up to 1μg/kg.[Conclusions]The method has good selectivity and strong anti-interference ability,and can meet the requirements of 10 kinds ofα2-receptor agonists residues in animal derived food.展开更多
In order to obtain better quality cookies, food 3D printing technology was employed to prepare cookies. The texture, color, deformation, moisture content, and temperature of the cookie as evaluation indicators, the in...In order to obtain better quality cookies, food 3D printing technology was employed to prepare cookies. The texture, color, deformation, moisture content, and temperature of the cookie as evaluation indicators, the influences of baking process parameters, such as baking time, surface heating temperature and bottom heating temperature, on the quality of the cookie were studied to optimize the baking process parameters. The results showed that the baking process parameters had obvious effects on the texture, color, deformation, moisture content, and temperature of the cookie. All of the roasting surface heating temperature, bottom heating temperature and baking time had positive influences on the hardness, crunchiness, crispiness, and the total color difference(ΔE) of the cookie. When the heating temperatures of the surfac and bottom increased, the diameter and thickness deformation rate of the cookie increased. However,with the extension of baking time, the diameter and thickness deformation rate of the cookie first increased and then decreased. With the surface heating temperature of 180 ℃, the bottom heating temperature of 150 ℃, and baking time of 15 min, the cookie was crisp and moderate with moderate deformation and uniform color. There was no burnt phenomenon with the desired quality. Research results provided a theoretical basis for cookie manufactory based on food 3D printing technology.展开更多
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is a kind of far-infrared spectroscopy technology,and its spectrum reflects the internal properties of substances with rich physical and chemical information,so the use of terahertz ...Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is a kind of far-infrared spectroscopy technology,and its spectrum reflects the internal properties of substances with rich physical and chemical information,so the use of terahertz waves can be used to qualitatively identify food additives containing nitrogen elements.Analytic hierarchy process(AHP)was originally used to solve evaluation-type problems,and this paper introduces it into the field of terahertz spectral qualitative analysis,proposes a terahertz time-domain spectral qualitative identification method combined with analytic hierarchy process,and verifies the feasibility of the method by taking four common food additives(xylitol,L-alanine,sorbic acid,and benzoic acid)and two illegal additives(melamine,and Sudan Red No.I)as the objects of study.Firstly,the collected terahertz time-domain spectral data were pre-processed and transformed into a data set consisting of peaks,peak positions,peak numbers and overall trends;then,the data were divided into comparison and test sets,and a qualitative additive identification model incorporating analytic hierarchy process was constructed and parameter optimisation was performed.The results showed that the qualitative identification accuracies of additives based on single factors,i.e.,overall trend,peak value,peak position,and peak number,were 80.23%,70.93%,67.44%,and 40.70%,respectively,whereas the identification accuracy of the analytic hierarchy process qualitative identification method based on multi-factors could be improved to 92.44%.In addition,the fuzzy characterisation of the absorption spectrum data was binarised in the data pre-processing stage and used as the base data for the overall trend,and the recognition accuracy was improved to 94.19%by combining the fuzzy characterisation method of such data with the hierarchical analysis qualitative recognition model.The results show that it is feasible to use terahertz technology to identify different varieties of additives,and this paper constructs a hierarchical analytical qualitative model with better effect,which provides a new means for food additives detection,and the method is simple in steps,with a small demand for samples,which is suitable for the rapid detection of small samples.展开更多
Effective food professional personnel training strategies are explored and implemented,and interdisciplinary talents of food science and engineering in accordance with the background of intelligent agriculture are cul...Effective food professional personnel training strategies are explored and implemented,and interdisciplinary talents of food science and engineering in accordance with the background of intelligent agriculture are cultivated from the aspects of construction of teaching staff,reform of teaching content,upgrading of teaching model,construction of industry-education integration platform,which is of great significance to the modernization development of Chinese animal products processing industry.展开更多
Online teaching has become an important part of higher education due to the continuous effects of the global COVID-19. In this paper, the online teaching of Animal Product Processing was designed and implemented from ...Online teaching has become an important part of higher education due to the continuous effects of the global COVID-19. In this paper, the online teaching of Animal Product Processing was designed and implemented from three aspects of optimization of online teaching content, organization of teaching process and implementation of online assessment. According to the analysis of the questionnaire survey and the final evaluation results, the online teaching of Animal Product Processing is well received by the students and has achieved good teaching results, providing a useful reference for colleges and universities to carry out in-depth online teaching of Animal Product Processing.展开更多
The rate of flavor release in the mouth from traditional dry-cured pork was evaluated in this study.It was hypothesized that a slow steady release of flavor would occur on chewing and hydration.To test this,high salt ...The rate of flavor release in the mouth from traditional dry-cured pork was evaluated in this study.It was hypothesized that a slow steady release of flavor would occur on chewing and hydration.To test this,high salt dry-cured pork was chewed and held in oral cavity without swallowing for 4 different chewing stages(B,NC_(30),C_(30),EC).Saliva and food bolus from 16 healthy subjects were collected during oral processing,and analyzed for saliva flow rate,total saliva protein content,saliva pH,conductivity,saliva and sodium,and taste components.Results show that oral processing behavior and salivary release have important effects on flavor release of dry-cured pork.Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)analysis showed that oral processing has a certain effect on the protein composition and concentration in saliva.This study suggests that the interaction between food and saliva that accompanies chewing can lead to significant changes in sensory perception during oral processing.展开更多
Selenium is an essential trace mineral important for the maintenance of homeostasis in animals and humans.It evinces a strong antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and potential antimicrobial capacity.Selenium biological func...Selenium is an essential trace mineral important for the maintenance of homeostasis in animals and humans.It evinces a strong antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and potential antimicrobial capacity.Selenium biological function is primarily achieved by its presence in selenoproteins as a form of selenocysteine.Selenium deficiency may result in an array of health disorders,affecting many organs and systems;to prevent this,dietary supplementation,mainly in the forms of organic(i.e.,selenomethionine and selenocysteine)inorganic(i.e.,selenate and selenite)sources is used.In pigs as well as other food animals,dietary selenium supplementation has been used for improving growth performance,immune function,and meat quality.A substantial body of knowledge demonstrates that dietary selenium supplementation is positively associated with overall animal health especially due to its immunomodulatory activity and protection from oxidative damage.Selenium also possesses potential antiviral activity and this is achieved by protecting immune cells against oxidative damage and decreasing viral replication.In this review we endeavor to combine established and novel knowledge on the beneficial effects of dietary selenium supplementation,its antioxidant and immunomodulatory actions,and the putative antimicrobial effect thereof.Furthermore,our review demonstrates the gaps in knowledge pertaining to the use of selenium as an antiviral,underscoring the need for further in vivo and in vitro studies,particularly in pigs.展开更多
Animal-derived protein production is one of the major traditional protein supply methods,which continues to face increasing challenges to satisfy global needs due to population growth,augmented individual protein cons...Animal-derived protein production is one of the major traditional protein supply methods,which continues to face increasing challenges to satisfy global needs due to population growth,augmented individual protein consumption,and aggravated environmental pollution.Thus,ensuring a sustainable protein source is a considerable challenge.The emergence and development of food synthetic biology has enabled the establishment of cell factories that effectively synthesize proteins,which is an important way to solve the protein supply problem.This review aims to discuss the existing problems of traditional protein supply and to elucidate the feasibility of synthetic biology in the process of protein synthesis.Moreover,using artificial bioengineered milk and artificial bioengineered eggs as examples,the progress of food protein supply transition based on synthetic biology has been systematically summarized.Additionally,the future of food synthetic biology as a potential source of protein has been also discussed.By strengthening and innovating the application of food synthetic biology technologies,including genetic engineering and high-throughput screening methods,the current limitations of artificial foods for protein synthesis and production should be addressed.Therefore,the development and industrial production of new food resources should be explored to ensure safe,high-quality,and sustainable global protein supply.展开更多
Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi that are commonly detected as natural contaminants in agricultural commodities worldwide.Mycotoxin exposure can lead to mycotoxicosis in both an...Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi that are commonly detected as natural contaminants in agricultural commodities worldwide.Mycotoxin exposure can lead to mycotoxicosis in both animals and humans when found in animal feeds and food products,and at lower concentrations can affect animal performance by disrupting nutrient digestion,absorption,metabolism,and animal physiology.Thus,mycotoxin contamination of animal feeds represents a significant issue to the livestock industry and is a health threat to food animals.Since prevention of mycotoxin formation is difficult to undertake to avoid contamination,mitigation strategies are needed.This review explores how the mycotoxins aflatoxins,deoxynivalenol,zearalenone,fumonisins and ochratoxin A impose nutritional and metabolic effects on food animals and summarizes mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of mycotoxicity.展开更多
As an important guarantee for the prevention and control of animal diseases,veterinary drugs have important functions in improving animal production performance and product quality and maintaining ecological balance.T...As an important guarantee for the prevention and control of animal diseases,veterinary drugs have important functions in improving animal production performance and product quality and maintaining ecological balance.They are an important guarantee for the healthy development of animal husbandry,food safety and public health.However,the irrational use and abuse of veterinary drugs and feed pharmaceutical additives are widespread,causing harmful substances in animal foods and damage to human health,and threatening the sustainable development of the environment and animal husbandry as well.In order to ensure human health,it is urgent to develop a simple,rapid,high-sensitivity,high-throughput and low-cost veterinary drug residue detection technology.In this paper,the sample pretreatment methods and detection techniques for the analysis of veterinary drug residues in animal foods were reviewed.展开更多
With the development of technology, several new processing techniques are being introduced for the food industry. By applying those novel techniques to food systems, it has been found that the structural and functiona...With the development of technology, several new processing techniques are being introduced for the food industry. By applying those novel techniques to food systems, it has been found that the structural and functional properties of food could be altered. Microfluidization which is also known as high pressure homogenization is one of the novel technologies that could be applied in food industry to obtain many beneficial outcomes. High pressure processing is another novel technique that is mainly playing the microbicidal effect. This work is concerned on the possibility of using microfluidization and high pressure processing in food industry based on the experimental findings. These techniques could be used as useful tools in the field of food science and technology.展开更多
With the people's lives improving,the demands of livestock products on the import and export aspects were growing. Veterinary drug residues as the important factor which might influence animal products safety has ...With the people's lives improving,the demands of livestock products on the import and export aspects were growing. Veterinary drug residues as the important factor which might influence animal products safety has become a major concern. In this paper,the status quo and inspection of the veterinary drug residue and the corresponding control measures were put forward.展开更多
Advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)are a group of heterogeneous compounds formed in heatprocessed foods and are proven to be detrimental to human health.Currently,there is no comprehensive database for AGEs in foods...Advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)are a group of heterogeneous compounds formed in heatprocessed foods and are proven to be detrimental to human health.Currently,there is no comprehensive database for AGEs in foods that covers the entire range of food categories,which limits the accurate risk assessment of dietary AGEs in human diseases.In this study,we first established an isotope dilution UHPLCQq Q-MS/MS-based method for simultaneous quantification of 10 major AGEs in foods.The contents of these AGEs were detected in 334 foods covering all main groups consumed in Western and Chinese populations.Nε-Carboxymethyllysine,methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone isomers,and glyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone-1 are predominant AGEs found in most foodstuffs.Total amounts of AGEs were high in processed nuts,bakery products,and certain types of cereals and meats(>150 mg/kg),while low in dairy products,vegetables,fruits,and beverages(<40 mg/kg).Assessment of estimated daily intake implied that the contribution of food groups to daily AGE intake varied a lot under different eating patterns,and selection of high-AGE foods leads to up to a 2.7-fold higher intake of AGEs through daily meals.The presented AGE database allows accurate assessment of dietary exposure to these glycotoxins to explore their physiological impacts on human health.展开更多
Animal protein foods are undoubtedly among the most concentrated source of essential amino acids (AA) for the human diet. However, their high prices and diseases associated to their excessive consumption have fomented...Animal protein foods are undoubtedly among the most concentrated source of essential amino acids (AA) for the human diet. However, their high prices and diseases associated to their excessive consumption have fomented the consumption of other alternative sources of animal proteins such as those from marine or aquatic species. Sonora is a well recognized producer of animal foods in Mexico, both terrestrial and aquatic. In this study, the protein quality evaluation of these animal food sources, highly produced and consumed in Sonora, is proposed, using in-vitro methodologies. Four different species, from each aquatic and terrestrial origin, were selected. Samples of lean muscle were used in all cases. Various in-vitro methodologies for protein quality evaluation were selected, alternatives to the animal bioassays: % digestibility, Total amino acid analyses (HPLC), PDCAAS, computerized PER calculations (C-PER and DC-PER) and total collagen contents. % in-vitro digestibility presented significant differences among samples from terrestrial species, but muscle from aquatic species did not showed significant differences. All sources of proteins, both aquatic and terrestrial proved to be rich sources of essential amino acids. PDCAAS was unable to establish significant differences in protein quality among sources of protein from different origin. Both methods C-PER and DC-PER were more exact in their results and were able to detect significant differences among samples of different origin. An important finding was the great difference in the total collagen content between aquatic and terrestrial sources of proteins, where terrestrial muscle proteins had almost 10-time more collagen than aquatic protein sources. However, these collagen contents did not seem to have a significant influence in the protein quality of these animal proteins. These muscle proteins, from both aquatic and terrestrial species, confirmed to have a high protein quality and some of the in-vitro methodologies used in this study represent a valuable alternative to the animal bioassays.展开更多
Cassava is a vital food crop in the world,and its tuberous roots and leaves have abundant starch,proteins and flavonoids. We can develop multi-functional,multi-purpose cassava food. In China,the food-based processing ...Cassava is a vital food crop in the world,and its tuberous roots and leaves have abundant starch,proteins and flavonoids. We can develop multi-functional,multi-purpose cassava food. In China,the food-based processing and utilization of cassava roots and leaves started late in China,but the development is very promising,and the market has great potential. In this paper,we analyze the utilization of cassava roots and leaves in China,and point out the development direction of cassava food processing and utilization in the future,in order to provide a reference for the research and development of cassava processing and utilization technology.展开更多
The waste of foodstuffs is increasing in the agri-food industries. This is reflected in the increasing volume of their waste. Food is thrown away on criteria that have nosthing to do with its nutritional quality. In m...The waste of foodstuffs is increasing in the agri-food industries. This is reflected in the increasing volume of their waste. Food is thrown away on criteria that have nosthing to do with its nutritional quality. In most cases, the criteria are shape, color and stains. In order to reduce this waste, a way of valorization was investigated. This paper focuses on waste reduction through feeding the Abidjan zoo animals with the unsold products of three agro-industries. The unsold products collected by the zoo were characterized over an 8-year period (2011 to 2019). Deaths and births were recorded. The food needs met by the unsold products harvested were evaluated and the economic gains estimated. The results showed that the food recovered by the Abidjan Zoo at SOCOCE contained 34.94% fruit, 38.58% vegetable and 23.47% meat products. At SCB and Coquivoire the donations are estimated at 2 tons of bananas and 1.5 tons of chickens (smoked and cold chicken) respectively. These donations allowed the Zoo to save 25.94% of its budget allocated to animal feed. The diversity of the food collected has a positive impact on the quality of life of the animals at the Zoo. This is reflected in an increase in the number of births from 0 to 12 per year and a decrease in mortality of 90%.展开更多
The aim of this study was to analyze the contents of Reg.(EU)No.429/2016,and to assess its role in guaranteeing the efficient application of the disease prevention and control rules into member state.Furthermore,the a...The aim of this study was to analyze the contents of Reg.(EU)No.429/2016,and to assess its role in guaranteeing the efficient application of the disease prevention and control rules into member state.Furthermore,the authors evaluated the impact of the abovementioned Regulation on the legislation on public health and food safety already in force in Europe(Regulations EC No.178/2002,No.882/2004,No.853/2004)and considered the global impact of the new rules on the effective functioning of the internal market.The study pays attention also to the TFEU(treaty of lisbon on the functioning of the European union)procedure to delegate to the commission the power to adopt non-legislative acts of general application that supplement or amend certain non-essential elements of a legislative act.展开更多
Food allergy has become an important food quality and safety issue,posing a challenge to the food industry and affecting consumer health.On the one hand,from the perspective of food processing industry,the diversity o...Food allergy has become an important food quality and safety issue,posing a challenge to the food industry and affecting consumer health.On the one hand,from the perspective of food processing industry,the diversity of food raw material ingredients,exogenous additives,and processing forms make the presence of allergens in modern food processing more complex.In addition,due to the lack of allergen identification,effective detection and allergenicity evaluation systems,there are serious deficiencies in the current theories and techniques for food allergen screening and detection,tracking and prediction,intervention and control;On the other hand,from the perspective of public health,meeting consumers'right to know whether there are raw materials containing food allergens in processed foods,and improving the credibility of government and people's satisfaction have become urgent matters;In addition,as people come into contact with more and more new borne novel foods,the probability of food allergy is also increasing.The food safety and health problems induced by increasingly complex,widespread and severe food allergy are difficult to avoid.In view of this,in response to the increasingly serious food allergy issues,this paper introduced the detection methods of food allergens,summarized the reduction and control techniques of food allergens,and elaborated hypoallergenic foods,which aims to provide the basis for preventing and controlling food allergy and ensuring the physical health of food allergy patients.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32102605)the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program under Grant (CAAS-ASTIP-2020IAR)the Earmarked Fund for CARS (CARS-44)。
文摘Food allergens are mainly naturally-occurring proteins with immunoglobulin E(IgE)-binding epitopes.Understanding the structural and immunogenic characteristics of allergenic proteins is essential in assessing whether and how food processing techniques reduce allergenicity.We here discuss the impacts of food processing technologies on the modification of physicochemical,structural,and immunogenic properties of allergenic proteins.Detection techniques for characterizing changes in these properties of food allergens are summarized.Food processing helps to reduce allergenicity by aggregating or denaturing proteins,which masks,modifies,or destroys antigenic epitopes,whereas,it cannot eliminate allergenicity completely,and sometimes even improves allergenicity by exposing new epitopes.Moreover,most food processing techniques have been tested on purified food allergens rather than food products due to potential interference of other food components.We provide guidance for further development of processing operations that can decrease the allergenicity of allergenic food proteins without negatively impacting the nutritional profile.
基金Supported by Scientific Research Project of Dalian Customs(2022DK09).
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to establish an ultra high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/linear ion trap complex mass spectrometry for the determination of 10 kinds ofα2-receptor agonists in animal derived food.[Methods]The samples were extracted with sodium carbonate buffer solution and ethyl acetate,and analyzed by mass spectrometry after solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography separation.[Results]Ten kinds ofα2-receptor agonists showed a good linear relationship in the range of 1-100μg/mL,with the average recovery of over 69%and the relative standard deviation less than 8.32%.The detection limit of 10 kinds of α_(2)-receptor agonists was up to 1μg/kg.[Conclusions]The method has good selectivity and strong anti-interference ability,and can meet the requirements of 10 kinds ofα2-receptor agonists residues in animal derived food.
基金Supported by Heilongjiang Provincial Fruit Tree Modernization Agro-industrial Technology Collaborative Innovation and Promotion System Project(2019-13)。
文摘In order to obtain better quality cookies, food 3D printing technology was employed to prepare cookies. The texture, color, deformation, moisture content, and temperature of the cookie as evaluation indicators, the influences of baking process parameters, such as baking time, surface heating temperature and bottom heating temperature, on the quality of the cookie were studied to optimize the baking process parameters. The results showed that the baking process parameters had obvious effects on the texture, color, deformation, moisture content, and temperature of the cookie. All of the roasting surface heating temperature, bottom heating temperature and baking time had positive influences on the hardness, crunchiness, crispiness, and the total color difference(ΔE) of the cookie. When the heating temperatures of the surfac and bottom increased, the diameter and thickness deformation rate of the cookie increased. However,with the extension of baking time, the diameter and thickness deformation rate of the cookie first increased and then decreased. With the surface heating temperature of 180 ℃, the bottom heating temperature of 150 ℃, and baking time of 15 min, the cookie was crisp and moderate with moderate deformation and uniform color. There was no burnt phenomenon with the desired quality. Research results provided a theoretical basis for cookie manufactory based on food 3D printing technology.
基金funded by Key Technology Tackling Programme of Inner Mongolia,grant number2021GG0361funded by Basic Research Operating Costs of Colleges and Universities Directly Under the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Project。
文摘Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy is a kind of far-infrared spectroscopy technology,and its spectrum reflects the internal properties of substances with rich physical and chemical information,so the use of terahertz waves can be used to qualitatively identify food additives containing nitrogen elements.Analytic hierarchy process(AHP)was originally used to solve evaluation-type problems,and this paper introduces it into the field of terahertz spectral qualitative analysis,proposes a terahertz time-domain spectral qualitative identification method combined with analytic hierarchy process,and verifies the feasibility of the method by taking four common food additives(xylitol,L-alanine,sorbic acid,and benzoic acid)and two illegal additives(melamine,and Sudan Red No.I)as the objects of study.Firstly,the collected terahertz time-domain spectral data were pre-processed and transformed into a data set consisting of peaks,peak positions,peak numbers and overall trends;then,the data were divided into comparison and test sets,and a qualitative additive identification model incorporating analytic hierarchy process was constructed and parameter optimisation was performed.The results showed that the qualitative identification accuracies of additives based on single factors,i.e.,overall trend,peak value,peak position,and peak number,were 80.23%,70.93%,67.44%,and 40.70%,respectively,whereas the identification accuracy of the analytic hierarchy process qualitative identification method based on multi-factors could be improved to 92.44%.In addition,the fuzzy characterisation of the absorption spectrum data was binarised in the data pre-processing stage and used as the base data for the overall trend,and the recognition accuracy was improved to 94.19%by combining the fuzzy characterisation method of such data with the hierarchical analysis qualitative recognition model.The results show that it is feasible to use terahertz technology to identify different varieties of additives,and this paper constructs a hierarchical analytical qualitative model with better effect,which provides a new means for food additives detection,and the method is simple in steps,with a small demand for samples,which is suitable for the rapid detection of small samples.
基金Supported by Chengdu Animal Products and Food Safety Science Popularization Base(2019-HM03-00073-SN)School-level First-class Curriculum Construction Project of Chengdu University"Online and Offline Mixed First-class Course-Animal Products Processing"(2020)+2 种基金First-class Curriculum Construction Project of Sichuan Province"Online and Offline Mixed First-class Course-Animal Products Processing"(2021)China Agricultural Industry Research System(CARS-43)Experimental Teaching Reform Project of Chengdu University in 2022(cdsyjg2022046).
文摘Effective food professional personnel training strategies are explored and implemented,and interdisciplinary talents of food science and engineering in accordance with the background of intelligent agriculture are cultivated from the aspects of construction of teaching staff,reform of teaching content,upgrading of teaching model,construction of industry-education integration platform,which is of great significance to the modernization development of Chinese animal products processing industry.
基金Supported by the Food Safety Science Base of Animal Products in Chengdu City(2019-HM03-00073-SN)The First-class Course Construction Project of Chengdu University"Online and Offline Hybrid First-class Course:Animal Product Processing"(2020)First-class Course Construction Project of Sichuan Province"Online and Offline Hybrid First-class Course:Animal Product Processing"(2021).
文摘Online teaching has become an important part of higher education due to the continuous effects of the global COVID-19. In this paper, the online teaching of Animal Product Processing was designed and implemented from three aspects of optimization of online teaching content, organization of teaching process and implementation of online assessment. According to the analysis of the questionnaire survey and the final evaluation results, the online teaching of Animal Product Processing is well received by the students and has achieved good teaching results, providing a useful reference for colleges and universities to carry out in-depth online teaching of Animal Product Processing.
基金supported by “Hunan Natural Science Foundation Program of China” (Project No. 2019JJ50450)“Project support of Hunan Province Agricultural Industry Technology system (2019-105)” funded by the Hunan Provincial Science &Technology Department, China
文摘The rate of flavor release in the mouth from traditional dry-cured pork was evaluated in this study.It was hypothesized that a slow steady release of flavor would occur on chewing and hydration.To test this,high salt dry-cured pork was chewed and held in oral cavity without swallowing for 4 different chewing stages(B,NC_(30),C_(30),EC).Saliva and food bolus from 16 healthy subjects were collected during oral processing,and analyzed for saliva flow rate,total saliva protein content,saliva pH,conductivity,saliva and sodium,and taste components.Results show that oral processing behavior and salivary release have important effects on flavor release of dry-cured pork.Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE)analysis showed that oral processing has a certain effect on the protein composition and concentration in saliva.This study suggests that the interaction between food and saliva that accompanies chewing can lead to significant changes in sensory perception during oral processing.
基金supported in part by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture,Hatch project 1016618.
文摘Selenium is an essential trace mineral important for the maintenance of homeostasis in animals and humans.It evinces a strong antioxidant,anti-inflammatory and potential antimicrobial capacity.Selenium biological function is primarily achieved by its presence in selenoproteins as a form of selenocysteine.Selenium deficiency may result in an array of health disorders,affecting many organs and systems;to prevent this,dietary supplementation,mainly in the forms of organic(i.e.,selenomethionine and selenocysteine)inorganic(i.e.,selenate and selenite)sources is used.In pigs as well as other food animals,dietary selenium supplementation has been used for improving growth performance,immune function,and meat quality.A substantial body of knowledge demonstrates that dietary selenium supplementation is positively associated with overall animal health especially due to its immunomodulatory activity and protection from oxidative damage.Selenium also possesses potential antiviral activity and this is achieved by protecting immune cells against oxidative damage and decreasing viral replication.In this review we endeavor to combine established and novel knowledge on the beneficial effects of dietary selenium supplementation,its antioxidant and immunomodulatory actions,and the putative antimicrobial effect thereof.Furthermore,our review demonstrates the gaps in knowledge pertaining to the use of selenium as an antiviral,underscoring the need for further in vivo and in vitro studies,particularly in pigs.
基金This work was supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFA0900300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(31972854,21676119)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20200085)Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu Province(BE2019628)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(JUSRP22036,JUSRP52020A)the National First-class Discipline Program of Light Industry Technology and Engineering(LITE2018-16).
文摘Animal-derived protein production is one of the major traditional protein supply methods,which continues to face increasing challenges to satisfy global needs due to population growth,augmented individual protein consumption,and aggravated environmental pollution.Thus,ensuring a sustainable protein source is a considerable challenge.The emergence and development of food synthetic biology has enabled the establishment of cell factories that effectively synthesize proteins,which is an important way to solve the protein supply problem.This review aims to discuss the existing problems of traditional protein supply and to elucidate the feasibility of synthetic biology in the process of protein synthesis.Moreover,using artificial bioengineered milk and artificial bioengineered eggs as examples,the progress of food protein supply transition based on synthetic biology has been systematically summarized.Additionally,the future of food synthetic biology as a potential source of protein has been also discussed.By strengthening and innovating the application of food synthetic biology technologies,including genetic engineering and high-throughput screening methods,the current limitations of artificial foods for protein synthesis and production should be addressed.Therefore,the development and industrial production of new food resources should be explored to ensure safe,high-quality,and sustainable global protein supply.
基金funded by Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and Alltech Inc,KY,US[532378-18].
文摘Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi that are commonly detected as natural contaminants in agricultural commodities worldwide.Mycotoxin exposure can lead to mycotoxicosis in both animals and humans when found in animal feeds and food products,and at lower concentrations can affect animal performance by disrupting nutrient digestion,absorption,metabolism,and animal physiology.Thus,mycotoxin contamination of animal feeds represents a significant issue to the livestock industry and is a health threat to food animals.Since prevention of mycotoxin formation is difficult to undertake to avoid contamination,mitigation strategies are needed.This review explores how the mycotoxins aflatoxins,deoxynivalenol,zearalenone,fumonisins and ochratoxin A impose nutritional and metabolic effects on food animals and summarizes mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of mycotoxicity.
基金Supported by National Beef Industrial Technology System(CARS-38)Basic Science Research Fund(1610322018002)
文摘As an important guarantee for the prevention and control of animal diseases,veterinary drugs have important functions in improving animal production performance and product quality and maintaining ecological balance.They are an important guarantee for the healthy development of animal husbandry,food safety and public health.However,the irrational use and abuse of veterinary drugs and feed pharmaceutical additives are widespread,causing harmful substances in animal foods and damage to human health,and threatening the sustainable development of the environment and animal husbandry as well.In order to ensure human health,it is urgent to develop a simple,rapid,high-sensitivity,high-throughput and low-cost veterinary drug residue detection technology.In this paper,the sample pretreatment methods and detection techniques for the analysis of veterinary drug residues in animal foods were reviewed.
文摘With the development of technology, several new processing techniques are being introduced for the food industry. By applying those novel techniques to food systems, it has been found that the structural and functional properties of food could be altered. Microfluidization which is also known as high pressure homogenization is one of the novel technologies that could be applied in food industry to obtain many beneficial outcomes. High pressure processing is another novel technique that is mainly playing the microbicidal effect. This work is concerned on the possibility of using microfluidization and high pressure processing in food industry based on the experimental findings. These techniques could be used as useful tools in the field of food science and technology.
基金Supported by Scientific and Technological Program in State Quality Detection Bureau(2088IK013,2010IK004)Key Scientic techndogical Program(2012ZRZ014,2012SZZ030)
文摘With the people's lives improving,the demands of livestock products on the import and export aspects were growing. Veterinary drug residues as the important factor which might influence animal products safety has become a major concern. In this paper,the status quo and inspection of the veterinary drug residue and the corresponding control measures were put forward.
基金the financial support received from the Natural Science Foundation of China(32202202 and 31871735)。
文摘Advanced glycation end-products(AGEs)are a group of heterogeneous compounds formed in heatprocessed foods and are proven to be detrimental to human health.Currently,there is no comprehensive database for AGEs in foods that covers the entire range of food categories,which limits the accurate risk assessment of dietary AGEs in human diseases.In this study,we first established an isotope dilution UHPLCQq Q-MS/MS-based method for simultaneous quantification of 10 major AGEs in foods.The contents of these AGEs were detected in 334 foods covering all main groups consumed in Western and Chinese populations.Nε-Carboxymethyllysine,methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone isomers,and glyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone-1 are predominant AGEs found in most foodstuffs.Total amounts of AGEs were high in processed nuts,bakery products,and certain types of cereals and meats(>150 mg/kg),while low in dairy products,vegetables,fruits,and beverages(<40 mg/kg).Assessment of estimated daily intake implied that the contribution of food groups to daily AGE intake varied a lot under different eating patterns,and selection of high-AGE foods leads to up to a 2.7-fold higher intake of AGEs through daily meals.The presented AGE database allows accurate assessment of dietary exposure to these glycotoxins to explore their physiological impacts on human health.
文摘Animal protein foods are undoubtedly among the most concentrated source of essential amino acids (AA) for the human diet. However, their high prices and diseases associated to their excessive consumption have fomented the consumption of other alternative sources of animal proteins such as those from marine or aquatic species. Sonora is a well recognized producer of animal foods in Mexico, both terrestrial and aquatic. In this study, the protein quality evaluation of these animal food sources, highly produced and consumed in Sonora, is proposed, using in-vitro methodologies. Four different species, from each aquatic and terrestrial origin, were selected. Samples of lean muscle were used in all cases. Various in-vitro methodologies for protein quality evaluation were selected, alternatives to the animal bioassays: % digestibility, Total amino acid analyses (HPLC), PDCAAS, computerized PER calculations (C-PER and DC-PER) and total collagen contents. % in-vitro digestibility presented significant differences among samples from terrestrial species, but muscle from aquatic species did not showed significant differences. All sources of proteins, both aquatic and terrestrial proved to be rich sources of essential amino acids. PDCAAS was unable to establish significant differences in protein quality among sources of protein from different origin. Both methods C-PER and DC-PER were more exact in their results and were able to detect significant differences among samples of different origin. An important finding was the great difference in the total collagen content between aquatic and terrestrial sources of proteins, where terrestrial muscle proteins had almost 10-time more collagen than aquatic protein sources. However, these collagen contents did not seem to have a significant influence in the protein quality of these animal proteins. These muscle proteins, from both aquatic and terrestrial species, confirmed to have a high protein quality and some of the in-vitro methodologies used in this study represent a valuable alternative to the animal bioassays.
基金Supported by Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology(CARS-12)National R&D Center for Potato Processing
文摘Cassava is a vital food crop in the world,and its tuberous roots and leaves have abundant starch,proteins and flavonoids. We can develop multi-functional,multi-purpose cassava food. In China,the food-based processing and utilization of cassava roots and leaves started late in China,but the development is very promising,and the market has great potential. In this paper,we analyze the utilization of cassava roots and leaves in China,and point out the development direction of cassava food processing and utilization in the future,in order to provide a reference for the research and development of cassava processing and utilization technology.
文摘The waste of foodstuffs is increasing in the agri-food industries. This is reflected in the increasing volume of their waste. Food is thrown away on criteria that have nosthing to do with its nutritional quality. In most cases, the criteria are shape, color and stains. In order to reduce this waste, a way of valorization was investigated. This paper focuses on waste reduction through feeding the Abidjan zoo animals with the unsold products of three agro-industries. The unsold products collected by the zoo were characterized over an 8-year period (2011 to 2019). Deaths and births were recorded. The food needs met by the unsold products harvested were evaluated and the economic gains estimated. The results showed that the food recovered by the Abidjan Zoo at SOCOCE contained 34.94% fruit, 38.58% vegetable and 23.47% meat products. At SCB and Coquivoire the donations are estimated at 2 tons of bananas and 1.5 tons of chickens (smoked and cold chicken) respectively. These donations allowed the Zoo to save 25.94% of its budget allocated to animal feed. The diversity of the food collected has a positive impact on the quality of life of the animals at the Zoo. This is reflected in an increase in the number of births from 0 to 12 per year and a decrease in mortality of 90%.
文摘The aim of this study was to analyze the contents of Reg.(EU)No.429/2016,and to assess its role in guaranteeing the efficient application of the disease prevention and control rules into member state.Furthermore,the authors evaluated the impact of the abovementioned Regulation on the legislation on public health and food safety already in force in Europe(Regulations EC No.178/2002,No.882/2004,No.853/2004)and considered the global impact of the new rules on the effective functioning of the internal market.The study pays attention also to the TFEU(treaty of lisbon on the functioning of the European union)procedure to delegate to the commission the power to adopt non-legislative acts of general application that supplement or amend certain non-essential elements of a legislative act.
基金The authors appreciated the financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(32102091)Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation(ZR2021QC086)+3 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2021M693026)Postdoctoral Innovation Project of Shandong Province(862105033022)Qingdao Postdoctoral Applied Research Project(862105040045)Research Funding of Ocean University of China(862001013187).
文摘Food allergy has become an important food quality and safety issue,posing a challenge to the food industry and affecting consumer health.On the one hand,from the perspective of food processing industry,the diversity of food raw material ingredients,exogenous additives,and processing forms make the presence of allergens in modern food processing more complex.In addition,due to the lack of allergen identification,effective detection and allergenicity evaluation systems,there are serious deficiencies in the current theories and techniques for food allergen screening and detection,tracking and prediction,intervention and control;On the other hand,from the perspective of public health,meeting consumers'right to know whether there are raw materials containing food allergens in processed foods,and improving the credibility of government and people's satisfaction have become urgent matters;In addition,as people come into contact with more and more new borne novel foods,the probability of food allergy is also increasing.The food safety and health problems induced by increasingly complex,widespread and severe food allergy are difficult to avoid.In view of this,in response to the increasingly serious food allergy issues,this paper introduced the detection methods of food allergens,summarized the reduction and control techniques of food allergens,and elaborated hypoallergenic foods,which aims to provide the basis for preventing and controlling food allergy and ensuring the physical health of food allergy patients.