The toxic effects of different gradient concentrations of Hg2+ and Cd2+ on chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/b value, photosynthetic O-2 evolution, respiration rate, anti-oxidase system (superoxide dismulase (SOD), c...The toxic effects of different gradient concentrations of Hg2+ and Cd2+ on chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/b value, photosynthetic O-2 evolution, respiration rate, anti-oxidase system (superoxide dismulase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD)) and ultrastructure of the cells of Azolla imbricata (Roxb.) Nakai were studied. The results showed that with Hg2+ and Cd2+ increase, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b value, photosynthetic O-2 evolution decreased drastically; respiration rate peaked at 2 mg/L pollutant and declined afterwards. The activities of SOD, CAT and POD increased first and decreased afterwards except the activity of POD, which decreased with the increasing of Cd2+ concentration. Ultrastructural observation showed that the extent of ultrastructural damage was much more serious with higher pollutant concentration and longer time of stress. This resulted in swelling of chloroplast, disruption and disappearance of chloroplast membrane and disintegration of chloroplasts; swelling of cristae of mitochondria, deformation and vacuolization of mitochondria; condensation of chromatin in nucleus, dispersion of nucleolus and disruption of nuclear membrane. The experimental results showed: (1) Hg2+ and Cd2+ pollution not only destroyed physiological activities, but also caused irreversible damage to its ultrastructure, thus leading the cells to death; (2) With increase in the stress of Hg2+ and Cd2+, ultrastructural damage was related to the changes of plant physiology; (3) The toxic symptoms of plant showed an evident correlation between dose and effect; (4) The toxicity of Cd2+ on A. imbricata is heavier than that of Hg2+ under the same treatment time and concentration. The lethal concentration of Hg2+ to A. imbricata ranged from 3.5 to 4 mg/L, and that of Cd2+ ranged from 3 to 3.5 mg/L. The damage of cell ultrastructure on Anabaena azollae Strasburger was observed. The results indicated that tolerance of Azolla imbricata for Hg2+ and Cd2+ was higher than that of A. imbricata.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the in vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of rhizome extracts of Rhodiola imbricata(R.imbricata) in HT-29 human colon cancer cell line.Methods:The successively extracted rhizome ...Objective:To investigate the in vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of rhizome extracts of Rhodiola imbricata(R.imbricata) in HT-29 human colon cancer cell line.Methods:The successively extracted rhizome of R.imbricata using various solvents was analyzed for their total phenolics,tannins and flavonoid contents.In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by employing different assays,including DPPH,ABTS radical scavenging assays,FRAP, phosphomolybdenum reduction assay,superoxide anion,hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and metal chelating ability.Results:Acetone and methanol extracts recorded higher phenolic content and showed comparable antioxidant activity with standard reference.Additionally,they also inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cells upon treatment at higher concentration(200μg/mL) (acetone and methanol,84%and 84%.respectively).On examination acetone extract exhibited antiproliferative activity in a concentration dependent manner whereas,methanol extract showed both dose dependent and lime dependent inhibitory activity.Conclusions:The results obtained justify the traditional usage of R.imbricata from their promising antioxidant activity.展开更多
Objective:To explore the protective effect of the crude extract of Salsola imbricata against acetic acid-induced inflammatory bowel disease in mice and its mechanism of action.Methods:Ethanolic crude extract of Salsol...Objective:To explore the protective effect of the crude extract of Salsola imbricata against acetic acid-induced inflammatory bowel disease in mice and its mechanism of action.Methods:Ethanolic crude extract of Salsola imbricata was characterized by HPLC.Salsola imbricata extract at different doses was administered and ulcerative colitis was induced by 200μL,7.5%acetic acid and macroscopic parameters were evaluated to assess the homeostatic condition of intestinal mucosa along with hematological and biochemical assays.The levels of malondialdehyde,glutathione peroxidase 1,superoxide dismutase,and catalase were determined in colon tissues.Proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were quantified by ELISA.The extent of tissue damage was assessed by histological analysis.Results:Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of phytochemicals including quercetin,gallic acid,syringic acid,benzoic acid and chlorogenic acid in the crude extract.The crude extract of Salsola imbricata(300 and 500 mg/kg)markedly decreased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide(P<0.01)and increased antioxidant activities of glutathione peroxidase 1(P<0.001)and superoxide dismutase(P<0.001).Moreover,it decreased the levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-αsignificantly(P<0.001)and reduced the damage to the colon mucosa,promoting tissue healing and regeneration.Conclusions:Salsola imbricata extract restores the colonic epithelial layers by maintaining mucosal homeostasis and cell integrity by modulating antioxidant defense system and inflammatory cytokine signaling in ulcerative colitis mice.展开更多
Nesting activity, declining factors and conversation strategy of hawksbill turtle （Eretmochelys imbricata） in Persian Gulf islands investigated. Nesting analysis and hatchability has been monitored by counting. Our ...Nesting activity, declining factors and conversation strategy of hawksbill turtle （Eretmochelys imbricata） in Persian Gulf islands investigated. Nesting analysis and hatchability has been monitored by counting. Our management strategy has been useful significantly in preserving hawksbill turtle existence. Depletion prevented, nesting habitats protected and better conservative programs designed.展开更多
Monitoring programs for nesting turtles around the world have been important to build up a matrix of information for better comprehension of their behaviour and dispersion. The Western Indian Ocean has several monitor...Monitoring programs for nesting turtles around the world have been important to build up a matrix of information for better comprehension of their behaviour and dispersion. The Western Indian Ocean has several monitoring programs that are being used to reveal migration routes, phylogenetic interconnections and nesting behaviour patterns. We determined the nesting parameters for 69 records of hawksbill turtles collected during the Vamizi Island monitoring program. We also determined carapace measurements parameters of the turtles caught by fishermen in the area and give some considerations to improve the conservation of this species. Results show that the island receives hawksbill females all year long. Vamizi is a small nesting ground for this species, with an incubation period of 60.9 ± 10.6 days and a high reproductive rate. The turtles’ carapace measurements (SCL 42.0 ± SD 9.0 cm) revealed the existence of young individuals, foraging near the island, and their vulnerability to the fishing practices. This study strongly defends the need to identify more developmental and nesting spots, to be protected near Vamizi, to establish a solid network of marine reserves and corridors in the north of the Mozambique Channel.展开更多
文摘The toxic effects of different gradient concentrations of Hg2+ and Cd2+ on chlorophyll content, chlorophyll a/b value, photosynthetic O-2 evolution, respiration rate, anti-oxidase system (superoxide dismulase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD)) and ultrastructure of the cells of Azolla imbricata (Roxb.) Nakai were studied. The results showed that with Hg2+ and Cd2+ increase, chlorophyll content and chlorophyll a/b value, photosynthetic O-2 evolution decreased drastically; respiration rate peaked at 2 mg/L pollutant and declined afterwards. The activities of SOD, CAT and POD increased first and decreased afterwards except the activity of POD, which decreased with the increasing of Cd2+ concentration. Ultrastructural observation showed that the extent of ultrastructural damage was much more serious with higher pollutant concentration and longer time of stress. This resulted in swelling of chloroplast, disruption and disappearance of chloroplast membrane and disintegration of chloroplasts; swelling of cristae of mitochondria, deformation and vacuolization of mitochondria; condensation of chromatin in nucleus, dispersion of nucleolus and disruption of nuclear membrane. The experimental results showed: (1) Hg2+ and Cd2+ pollution not only destroyed physiological activities, but also caused irreversible damage to its ultrastructure, thus leading the cells to death; (2) With increase in the stress of Hg2+ and Cd2+, ultrastructural damage was related to the changes of plant physiology; (3) The toxic symptoms of plant showed an evident correlation between dose and effect; (4) The toxicity of Cd2+ on A. imbricata is heavier than that of Hg2+ under the same treatment time and concentration. The lethal concentration of Hg2+ to A. imbricata ranged from 3.5 to 4 mg/L, and that of Cd2+ ranged from 3 to 3.5 mg/L. The damage of cell ultrastructure on Anabaena azollae Strasburger was observed. The results indicated that tolerance of Azolla imbricata for Hg2+ and Cd2+ was higher than that of A. imbricata.
基金supported by the DIHAR,Defense Research Development Organization Indiathe Food Security Center,University of Hohenheim,Stuttgart,Germany for awarding the Sandwich Scholarship
文摘Objective:To investigate the in vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative activity of rhizome extracts of Rhodiola imbricata(R.imbricata) in HT-29 human colon cancer cell line.Methods:The successively extracted rhizome of R.imbricata using various solvents was analyzed for their total phenolics,tannins and flavonoid contents.In vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by employing different assays,including DPPH,ABTS radical scavenging assays,FRAP, phosphomolybdenum reduction assay,superoxide anion,hydroxyl radical scavenging activities and metal chelating ability.Results:Acetone and methanol extracts recorded higher phenolic content and showed comparable antioxidant activity with standard reference.Additionally,they also inhibited the proliferation of HT-29 cells upon treatment at higher concentration(200μg/mL) (acetone and methanol,84%and 84%.respectively).On examination acetone extract exhibited antiproliferative activity in a concentration dependent manner whereas,methanol extract showed both dose dependent and lime dependent inhibitory activity.Conclusions:The results obtained justify the traditional usage of R.imbricata from their promising antioxidant activity.
文摘Objective:To explore the protective effect of the crude extract of Salsola imbricata against acetic acid-induced inflammatory bowel disease in mice and its mechanism of action.Methods:Ethanolic crude extract of Salsola imbricata was characterized by HPLC.Salsola imbricata extract at different doses was administered and ulcerative colitis was induced by 200μL,7.5%acetic acid and macroscopic parameters were evaluated to assess the homeostatic condition of intestinal mucosa along with hematological and biochemical assays.The levels of malondialdehyde,glutathione peroxidase 1,superoxide dismutase,and catalase were determined in colon tissues.Proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin(IL)-1β,IL-6,and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)were quantified by ELISA.The extent of tissue damage was assessed by histological analysis.Results:Phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of phytochemicals including quercetin,gallic acid,syringic acid,benzoic acid and chlorogenic acid in the crude extract.The crude extract of Salsola imbricata(300 and 500 mg/kg)markedly decreased malondialdehyde and nitric oxide(P<0.01)and increased antioxidant activities of glutathione peroxidase 1(P<0.001)and superoxide dismutase(P<0.001).Moreover,it decreased the levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-αsignificantly(P<0.001)and reduced the damage to the colon mucosa,promoting tissue healing and regeneration.Conclusions:Salsola imbricata extract restores the colonic epithelial layers by maintaining mucosal homeostasis and cell integrity by modulating antioxidant defense system and inflammatory cytokine signaling in ulcerative colitis mice.
文摘Nesting activity, declining factors and conversation strategy of hawksbill turtle （Eretmochelys imbricata） in Persian Gulf islands investigated. Nesting analysis and hatchability has been monitored by counting. Our management strategy has been useful significantly in preserving hawksbill turtle existence. Depletion prevented, nesting habitats protected and better conservative programs designed.
文摘Monitoring programs for nesting turtles around the world have been important to build up a matrix of information for better comprehension of their behaviour and dispersion. The Western Indian Ocean has several monitoring programs that are being used to reveal migration routes, phylogenetic interconnections and nesting behaviour patterns. We determined the nesting parameters for 69 records of hawksbill turtles collected during the Vamizi Island monitoring program. We also determined carapace measurements parameters of the turtles caught by fishermen in the area and give some considerations to improve the conservation of this species. Results show that the island receives hawksbill females all year long. Vamizi is a small nesting ground for this species, with an incubation period of 60.9 ± 10.6 days and a high reproductive rate. The turtles’ carapace measurements (SCL 42.0 ± SD 9.0 cm) revealed the existence of young individuals, foraging near the island, and their vulnerability to the fishing practices. This study strongly defends the need to identify more developmental and nesting spots, to be protected near Vamizi, to establish a solid network of marine reserves and corridors in the north of the Mozambique Channel.
