A Deep-Ecological Reading of William Wordsworth＇s Poetry

From the 1960s, the increasingly serious ecological crisis gave rise to ecocriticism. William Wordsworth （1770-1850）, a representative of romantic poets, composes substantial poems to eulogize nature and to encourage equality and harmony between nature and human beings. From the angle of deep ecology, a branch of ecological study, this paper aims to analyze the ecological consciousness conveyed in Wordsworth＇s poetry. It analyzes the adverse impacts of industrialization on nature and man in Wordsworth＇s poetry. It elaborates further on ecological thoughts in Wordsworth＇s poetry. And finally, it summarizes how Wordsworth criticizes industrialization in his poetry and how he expresses his ecological thoughts--ecological equilibrium, social equality and harmony, and nature preservation

Ecological Reenchantment： Interpretation on The Little Prince from the Perspective of Deep Ecology

Antoine de Saint-Exupe ry＇ s masterpiece The Little Prince directed by Mark Osborne has been well-received by audience in China and beyond since its debut. This fantastic adaptation of movie explores the essence of life from children＇ s eye by adding Hollywood elements, criticizing the adult world characterized by hypocrisy, emptiness, indifference, obsession and alienation. That is how grow-ups live in crisis in their ecological spirit. This paper seeks to explore the reenchanting journey of the leading roles from the perspective of deep ecology, showcasing the necessity for human being to build a reenchanting world so as to promote the harmonious relationship between the people and nature.

A Deep Ecological Review on“The Adamic”

Re-examined from the principles of Deep Ecology initiated by Arne Naess,Walt Whitman’s treatment of his 16 poems under the title of“Children of Adam”towards nature violates sustainability and the harmony between man and nature.First of all,the elitism of the new Adam is far away from the man-in-environment image advocated by Deep Ecology.Second,the unrestrained seed-spreading that Whitman boosts in his“spermatic trope”doesn’t take into account the rights to subsistence of myriad species of life and women’s right of choice.Third,in Whitman’s eyes,nature is lack of diversity and richness and his“omnisexual vision”has overlooked the diverse values of nature in themselves.

OMP-BASED MULTI-BAND SIGNAL RECONSTRUCTION FOR ECOLOGICAL SOUNDS RECOGNITION

The paper proposes a new method of multi-band signal reconstruction based on Orthogonal Matching Pursuit(OMP),which aims to develop a robust Ecological Sounds Recognition(ESR)system.Firstly,the OMP is employed to sparsely decompose the original signal,thus the high correlation components are retained to reconstruct in the first stage.Then,according to the frequency distribution of both foreground sound and background noise,the signal can be compensated by the residual components in the second stage.Via the two-stage reconstruction,high non-stationary noises are effectively reduced,and the reconstruction precision of foreground sound is improved.At recognition stage,we employ deep belief networks to model the composite feature sets extracted from reconstructed signal.The experimental results show that the proposed approach achieved superior recognition performance on 60 classes of ecological sounds in different environments under different Signal-to-Noise Ratio(SNR),compared with the existing method.

Getting Deep About Deep Ecology

Despite being a philosophical group since the late 60s/early 70s,Deep Ecology has failed to produce the type of change necessary to effectively combat the climate crisis.This paper examines Deep Ecology’s more spiritual/philosophical approach to climate change,including:their history,their advocacy for biocentric equality,and their focus on cultivating an ecological consciousness.The paper then examines major criticisms with the movement and finds that all critics come to a unifying and damning conclusion about the movement:Deep Ecology does not offer a realistic solution to the fast approaching climate crisis.Yet,Deep Ecology’s inability to solve the climate crisis does not mean the philosophical movement is a failure and bad;instead,it just shows that Deep Ecology in combination with other more tangible steps should be taken to effectively combat the current climate crisis.Reformist groups,led by former Deep Ecologists,like Social Ecology and Green Anarchism,still maintain many of the core principles of Deep Ecology;however,they include a stronger focus on how to take direct action in order to combat climate change.The reformist approach provides the best—and most realistic—solutions to the current global climate crisis.

Development of green urbanization under the guidance of deep ecology

At present, green urbanization process is in the initial state in China. In the process of development, how to promote urban development and urbanization will highly integrated. And the ecological environment protection and economic development is an urgent problem to be solved. Based on the guidance of deep ecology, this paper studies the development process of green urbanization; and literature review method and exemplification method are adopted. Firstly, the concept of green urbanization is demonstrated. Secondly, combined with the current situation of green urbanization in China, guided by analysis of deep ecology, the challenge for the development of urbanization is analysed. Finally, based on the deep ecology guided by revelation, the green urbanization path is put forward.

A Comparative Study of Taoist and Heideggerian Concepts of Nature From Perspectives of Technology and Deep Ecology

With the theory of existentialism, hermeneutics and phenomenology, this paper carries out profound exploration in a comparative study of Heidegger and Taoist＇s concept of nature and the significance of understanding it. It not only plays an important role in comparison and analogy of eastern culture and western culture in the aspect of civilization and cultural communication, but also helps to take advantage of their theories to support the environmental-friendly movement. Moreover, the text also investigates some controversy in this field and how to solve the problems as well as the meaning of solutions. Both of the theories are significant for deep ecology for their opposing modern technology＇s generally reductionistic and materialistic view of nature.

Semantics Interaction Control for Constructing Intelligent Ecology of Internet of Things and Critical Component Research

Intelligent equipment is a kind of device that is characterized by intelligent sensor interconnections, big data processing, new types of displays, human-machine interaction and so on for the new generation of information technology. For this purpose, in this paper, first, we present a type of novel intelligent deep hybrid neural network algorithm based on a deep bidirectional recurrent neural network integrated with a deep backward propagation neural network. It has realized acoustic analysis, speech recognition and natural language understanding for jointly constituting human-machine voice interactions. Second, we design a voice control motherboard using an embedded chip from the ARM series as the core, and the onboard components include ZigBee, RFID, WIFI, GPRS, a RS232 serial port, USB interfaces and so on. Third, we take advantage of algorithms, software and hardware to make machines “understand” human speech and “think” and “comprehend” human intentions to structure critical components for intelligent vehicles, intelligent offices, intelligent service robots, intelligent industries and so on, which furthers the structure of the intelligent ecology of the Internet of Things. At last, the experimental results denote that the study of the semantics interaction controls based on an embedding has a very good effect, fast speed and high accuracy, consequently realizing the intelligent ecology construction of the Internet of Things.

地球系统科学基本原理与应用展望

地球系统科学是一门应时代之需产生的科学,它革新了地球科学工作者的思维方式、工作范式。自地球系统科学产生以来,围绕其是否是一门科学、具有何种应用前景等一直存在争议。从地球系统科学的主要理论与基本原理视角出发,对地球系统科学的概念内涵、理论体系及与地球科学之间的关系等本质特征进行剖析,并对地球系统科学的方法技术进行了总结。针对解决的不同问题,提出了地球系统科学在地球深部过程、岩石圈与外部圈层交互作用、外部圈层交互作用3个领域的应用展望。分析认为,地球系统科学既是基于地球科学与系统论的科学观,又是一套量化研究各圈层交互作用的先进工作方法体系,是揭示地球圈层交互奥秘、解决地球宜居性的钥匙。

新时代我国生态文明制度体系建设面临的突出问题、主要原因与破解维度

党的十八大以来,我国的生态文明制度体系建设取得一系列成就,实现了历史性变革,但是也存在几个突出问题:深层次的体制障碍有待改革、法治体系的全面建构有待进一步完善、制度的系统完整性还不够严密、环境管理的人治痕迹仍然比较明显等。这些问题的形成原因有很多,主要有不平衡不充分发展的矛盾性、社会主义初级阶段的不发达性、国内资源环境条件的有限性、“三期叠加”阶段的复杂性、国际环境治理的逼迫性等。要解决这些问题,需要牢牢抓住始终保持制度体系建设的战略主动性、大力推进完善的生态法治体系、全面深化生态文明体制机制改革等基本维度。

融合·赋能·共创:区块链嵌入算法推荐的未来发展图景

[目的/意义]算法推荐的迅速发展与广泛应用颠覆了传统的信息分发模式,成为信息负载时代用户与内容精准匹配的重要工具。探索通过技术嵌入与人文弥合对算法推荐系统进行优化,促使其与社会发展有效融合尤为必要。[研究设计/方法]从价值、实践、目标视角切入,探讨区块链嵌入算法推荐的核心逻辑,以区块链的数据溯源、智能合约、激励机制等为技术支撑,深度赋能算法推荐的数据获取、隐私保护、风险预警和生态激励过程,从顶层设计、数据治理、监管评估和法律机制方面提出区块链嵌入算法推荐的实践路径,同时探讨区块链实际应用中可能面临的成本及复杂机理。[结论/发现]区块链为算法推荐系统的纵深发展提供了强大动力,可重构算法推荐的新模式与新业态,助力推荐系统实现多源跨域数据的可信共享与价值共创。[创新/价值]将区块链技术嵌入算法推荐系统,创新算法推荐系统的资源配置方式和内容生成模式,实现数据在算法推荐系统中的有序安全流动,为推动算法推荐的纵深发展提供新视角。

深度学习视域下生理生态学实验课程教学改革探索

生理生态学实验是生态学专业的主干课程,在学习过程中促使学习者达成深度学习样态,对于学习者掌握生态学基本方法、提升生态学学习兴趣以及发展科学研究素养具有重要意义。为此,该文首先分析深度学习概念及关键特征,并结合教学实践观摩发现深度学习视域下生理生态学实验教学存在教学模式落后、资源工具匮乏、评价反馈滞后与情境设置单一等现实困境。基于此,提出选用以学生为中心的翻转课堂模式,围绕实验阶段的行为表现评价设计,多元设置符合知识运用的生活情境,选用满足实验需要的信息资源工具等改革策略,以期为生理生态学实验教学改革以及生态学专业教学质量提升提供参考。

基于气候变化情景的汉江流域景观生态风险变化模拟

景观生态风险评估是识别生态系统脆弱地区并进行重点治理的必要手段。现有方法多采用土地利用变化数据进行生态风险分析,在多因素综合评估方面尚有欠缺,尤其是难以将气候变化和社会经济发展相结合预测气候变化情景下景观生态风险演变。针对此问题,耦合传统景观生态风险评估模型与深度学习模型,构建多因素影响下生态景观风险的预测模型,并模拟汉江流域景观生态风险变化。结果表明:(1)起点期(2000—2015年)情景下,汉江流域较高生态风险等级主要连片集中在丹江口下游地区;(2)SSP370和SSP585情景下均主要以较高生态风险等级为主,比较连片集中分布在丹江口以下区域;(3)SSP370和SSP585情景下汉江流域内高生态风险等级面积在2042年显著增加,其中SSP370情景下的高生态风险等级的面积平均每10 a增加14.58%。研究提出的多因素景观生态风险预测方法可为气候变化条件下流域的生态风险评估和相关生态补偿政策的制定提供借鉴。

技术迭代与深度媒介化:数智媒体生态的演进、实践与未来

在深度媒介化的背景下,数智媒体生态研究应在生态学的基础上,以深度媒介化的视角理解其本质、演进、实践和未来趋势。因此,文章建构了一个包含融合化、网络化、智能化、平台化、国际化的数智媒体生态的“五维”框架,并基于这一理论框架对数智媒体生态的演进进行深入分析,认为在实践路径上应通过打造互联网平台生态圈和主流媒体的“小生态”优化数智媒体生态结构,未来应从媒体融合的数字化和智能化转型、人机关系互动、网络空间命运共同体构建三个角度寻找突破点。

干旱条件下深施肥对春小麦旗叶生态化学计量特征及其光合碳同化的影响

深施肥能提高旱地作物的水肥利用效率,是作物增产的重要技术途径之一,但目前对其营养生理机制,尤其是从旗叶生态化学计量特征的角度缺乏系统研究分析。本研究采用桶栽定量控制试验的方法,在2021—2022年以‘陇春35号’为供试品种,设置30 cm深施肥(D30)、15 cm浅施肥(D15)和不施肥(CK)3个处理,研究不同处理对春小麦挑旗至灌浆期春小麦旗叶碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量及生态化学计量特征(C/N、C/P、N/P)的影响,揭示春小麦旗叶养分含量及生态化学计量特征对旗叶SPAD值、Pn、地上部干物质积累、地上部生长速率、产量形成的影响。结果表明,灌浆期D30旗叶C/N值较D15和CK分别降低2.1%~6.4%、5.4%~10.2%;C/P值分别降低3.8%~5.2%、5.4%~6.0%;2021年N/P值分布提高1.4%和4.1%,2022年N/P值分别降低1.6%和0.2%。灌浆期D30旗叶SPAD值较D15和CK分别提高1.8%~6.5%、15.5%~18.2%;Pn分别提高21.6%~27.0%、28.5%~36.6%。扬花至灌浆期D30地上部生长速率较D15和CK分别提高22.1%~41.2%、68.4%~80.8%。成熟期D30地上部干物质积累量较D15和CK分别提高10.6%~11.1%;产量分别提高15.7%~16.0%、46.5%~49.3%。D30氮肥贡献率较D15提高46.6%~52.4%;氮肥偏生产力提高15.7%~16.0%;氮肥农学效率提高69.6%~76.7%。相关性分析表明,灌浆期春小麦旗叶C、N、P含量与旗叶SPAD值、Pn、地上部干物质积累呈正相关;旗叶生态化学计量特征与旗叶SPAD值、Pn、干物质积累呈负相关。因此,在干旱条件下30 cm深施肥通过提高春小麦挑旗至灌浆期旗叶C、N、P含量,延缓扬花期后旗叶N、P含量的降低,优化旗叶生态化学计量特征,降低N、P对春小麦旗叶光合作用的限制,提高春小麦旗叶Pn和地上部生长速率,并且延缓旗叶衰老,促进产量增加。

土壤碳氮磷和酶化学计量特征对原始林转换的响应

为了解区域典型农林用地土壤碳、氮、磷、胞外酶生态化学计量特征,采用时空代换法研究湘西北本底一致、土地利用史清晰的常绿阔叶原始林及其转换而来的人工林地、果园、坡耕地和水田0~40 cm土层中有机碳含量、全氮含量、全磷含量、胞外酶活性、计量比值及其与活性碳、氮、磷组分的关系。结果表明,与原始林相比,果园和坡耕地土壤有机碳、全氮、全磷含量的降幅(40%~79%)较高,且深层土壤(20~40 cm)和表土(0~20 cm)的降幅类似,表明原始林转换为果园、坡耕地不利于深层土壤有机碳和养分的保存。果园、坡耕地、水田和原始林土壤碳、氮、磷含量的比值无显著差异。杉木人工林土壤碳、氮、磷含量比值较原始林高60%~124%,说明人工林土壤存在较强的氮、磷素共同限制作用。与原始林相比,土地利用方式转换后,土壤胞外酶活性降低18%~64%;果园和坡耕地表土碳磷获取酶计量比(E_(C/P))也显著降低,而深层土壤E_(C/P)显著升高。土壤中碳含量、氮含量、磷含量、酶活性及其计量比值与活性碳、氮、磷组分含量显著相关。原始林转换导致表土和深层土壤中的碳含量、氮含量、磷含量、胞外酶活性大幅下降,微生物底物有效性降低,表明土壤质量/健康退化。土壤碳、氮、磷含量计量比和酶计量比值对原始林转换的响应较弱,对土壤健康的指示作用有待进一步探索。

Application of deep learning in ecological resource research:Theories, methods, and challenges

Ecological resources are an important material foundation for the survival,development,and self-realization of human beings.In-depth and comprehensive research and understanding of ecological resources are beneficial for the sustainable development of human society.Advances in observation technology have improved the ability to acquire long-term,cross-scale,massive,heterogeneous,and multi-source data.Ecological resource research is entering a new era driven by big data.Traditional statistical learning and machine learning algorithms have problems with saturation in dealing with big data.Deep learning is a method for automatically extracting complex high-dimensional nonlinear features,which is increasingly used for scientific and industrial data processing because of its ability to avoid saturation with big data.To promote the application of deep learning in the field of ecological resource research,here,we first introduce the relationship between deep learning theory and research on ecological resources,common tools,and datasets.Second,applications of deep learning in classification and recognition,detection and localization,semantic segmentation,instance segmentation,and graph neural network in typical spatial discrete data are presented through three cases:species classification,crop breeding,and vegetation mapping.Finally,challenges and opportunities for the application of deep learning in ecological resource research in the era of big data are summarized by considering the characteristics of ecological resource data and the development status of deep learning.It is anticipated that the cooperation and training of cross-disciplinary talents may promote the standardization and sharing of ecological resource data,improve the universality and interpretability of algorithms,and enrich applications with the development of hardware.

基于YOLOv5目标检测算法的航道工程鱼类智能识别技术研究

为促进深度学习技术在航道工程生态影响评估方面的应用,提高内河航道建设的生态化和智能化水平。文章筛选了36种长江航道工程区域典型鱼类为目标鱼种,采用原位与室内两种场景水下影像采集及人工标注的方法,建立了航道工程鱼类目标检测数据集。进一步利用该数据集基于YOLOv5目标检测算法进行了模型训练,并对训练的模型进行了测试验证。模型测试结果表明,训练数据集的精确率分数为0.933,召回率分数为0.98,平衡点处F1分数为0.89,均接近于1,训练效果较好。训练数据集与验证数据集的标注框损失值、目标损失值和分类损失值均趋近于0,训练和验证数据的拟合程度良好。混淆矩阵图表明不同鱼体之间能够互相区分,且能够预测为各自正确的类别。验证数据集整体mAP值为0.933,召回率分数0.98,F1平衡点处分数0.89,识别效果较好。整体测试结果表明研究形成的基于YOLOv5的目标检测技术对航道工程典型鱼类具有优良的目标检测与识别效果。

低温来流对深水水库过饱和总溶解气体输移的影响

梯级深水水库产生的水温分层现象可降低下游水库来流水温,导致泄洪水体总溶解气体(TDG)的过饱和程度随库区密度分层流的输移过程产生变化。以溪洛渡—向家坝区间为研究区域,基于原位观测和数值模拟相结合的研究手段,研究低温来流对深水水库过饱和TDG纵向和垂向输移过程的影响规律。研究表明:①来流水温降低2℃,TDG云团潜入位置提前36.4 km,峰值垂向位置下移55 m、垂向影响范围减少23%;②来流水温降低2℃,TDG饱和度110%以上云团输移至向家坝坝前阶段和后续阶段,包络面积衰减速率降幅分别为16%和44%;③从射流区到交换区过饱和TDG平均纵向迁移速度显著降低,降幅达92%;④来流水温降低2℃,向家坝表孔出流TDG饱和度峰值和均值的降低程度分别为机组出流的3.2倍和4倍;⑤水温降低对鱼类安全水深阈值的补偿效应可量化为0.20 m/℃。研究成果可为梯级深水水库汛期生态调度提供科学支撑。

株洲市某污水处理厂污泥处理技术方案研究

为解决株洲市某污水处理厂的污泥处理问题,对不同污泥出路及处理工艺进行了综合论证,最终确定该污水处理厂污泥处理的最佳方案为好氧发酵堆肥处理;同时对传统好氧发酵堆肥处理技术进行改进,介绍了改进方案的具体处理步骤,以期为我国其他城市类似的污泥处理技术提供参考依据。