Growth behavior and resource potential evaluation of gas hydrate in core fractures in Qilian Mountain permafrost area, Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The Qilian Mountain permafrost area located in the northern of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a favorable place for natural gas hydrate formation and enrichment,due to its well-developed fractures and abundant gas sources.Understanding the formation and distribution of multi-component gas hydrates in fractures is crucial in accurately evaluating the hydrate reservoir resources in this area.The hydrate formation experiments were carried out using the core samples drilled from hydrate-bearing sediments in Qilian Mountain permafrost area and the multi-component gas with similar composition to natural gas hydrates in Qilian Mountain permafrost area.The formation and distribution characteristics of multi-component gas hydrates in core samples were observed in situ by X-ray Computed Tomography(X-CT)under high pressure and low temperature conditions.Results show that hydrates are mainly formed and distributed in the fractures with good connectivity.The ratios of volume of hydrates formed in fractures to the volume of fractures are about 96.8%and 60.67%in two different core samples.This indicates that the fracture surface may act as a favorable reaction site for hydrate formation in core samples.Based on the field geological data and the experimental results,it is preliminarily estimated that the inventory of methane stored in the fractured gas hydrate in Qilian Mountain permafrost area is about 8.67×1013 m3,with a resource abundance of 8.67×108 m3/km2.This study demonstrates the great resource potential of fractured gas hydrate and also provides a new way to further understand the prospect of natural gas hydrate and other oil and gas resources in Qilian Mountain permafrost area.

Comprehensive Evaluation of Coal Resource of Two Coal Mines in Jining

The evaluation system for coal resources was established and a related software was programmed based on some former achievements and actual situation of the research area. And the evaluating calculation and data processing were also conducted. The result indicates that in the research area, the resource condition of the 3rd lower coal seam falls in the classes of "good" to "middle". In space, the south and the east parts is better than the north and the west parts. And the east part is suitable for the recent and the near future exploitation and the west part for the long dated exploitation. The distribution regularity of geologic structure and the stability of thickness of coal seams should be studied carefully and more exploration project in the west part should be carried out. The above achievements are significant in the exploitation of coal resource in this region.

RESEARCH ON THE THEORY AND METHODS OF COMPREHENSIVE EVALUATION OF REGIONAL COAL RESOURCES

consists of forecasting for the total reserves of regional mineral resources and evaluation,compreIn general,based on evaluated objects and factors involved,evaluation of mineral resources hensive evaluation of regional mineral resources, and economic and technical evaluation of deposits. Here a region can be a country, a province, or a mining area, while a deposit is mainly related to a single type of mineral, although it can contain more than one types of minerals. In the past, to assess mineral resources was primarily to evaluate and forecast the total reserves of regional mineral resources. With the advancement of science, technology, and economy, the evaluation of mineral resources has developed from forecasting the reserves of them to comprehensively evaluating them on the basis of numerous factors.

The three-factor model of evaluating mining rights of coal resources based on options

Since mining rights of coal resources(for short MRCR) could be regarded as a multi-stage compound real option,the evaluation for MRCR can be better solved using op- tion theory than the NPV.In the former research,we developed a two-factor model of evaluating MRCR when the coal spot price and convenience yield are stochastic based on option theory.On the basis of this two-factor model,we set up a three-factor model of evaluating MRCR when the interest rate followed a stochastic process.Through a real example application,we found the model can get higher values than the two-factor model and the NPV.This is because considering the volatility of interest rate can improve the executive opportunity of MRCR.

Progress in Researches on Evaluation of Quality of Cultivated Land Consolidated from Coal Mining Subsided Land

The evaluation of consolidated cultivated land quality can provide basic information for how to perfect the program of land consolidation,as well as a reference for the dynamic monitoring of farmland quality in mining area. Based on the consultation and analysis of related literature,we can conclude that: firstly,most scholars focus on soil consolidation,while consider little about land use and economic condition. Secondly,foreign scholars usually use crop yields to judge the success of land consolidation,while domestic scholars have been evaluated the quality of consolidated cultivated land synthetically from several aspects,such as soil fertility,soil environmental quality,and farmland infrastructure conditions. Specifically,most of the evaluations are static,and indicators are different. Besides,the quality of consolidated cultivated land is generally low,and it lacks systematic research on technologies for improving quality of cultivated land consolidated from coal mining subsided land. It is concluded that future researches should focus on establishing scientific and feasible evaluation system to realize comparison of quality change in the dynamic course of " undisturbed-subsided-consolidated" cultivated land in coal mining areas,as well as technologies for improving quality of cultivated land consolidated from coal mining subsided land.

Technical evaluation system of co-extraction of coal and gas

Coal and gas are two important resources in China,and it is an effective way to recycle them with the method of co-extraction of coal and gas.In view of actual situation of China's co-extraction of coal and gas,this research adopts the science evaluation of gas extraction of coal by the method of quantitative evaluation,and preliminarily establishes the technical evaluation system of co-extraction of coal and gas.Technical evaluation system of co-extraction of coal and gas includes safety evaluation,economic evaluation and resource recovery evaluation in the process of mining coal and gas.In addition,this paper results in the selected evaluation parameters and target functions that are used in the three evaluation methods.The establishment of evaluation system for co-extraction of coal and gas plays an important theoretical significance and guiding role in co-extraction of coal and gas for China's coal enterprises.

Spatial analysis and evaluation of a coal deposit by coupling AHP & GIS techniques

Nowadays,the evaluation of coal deposits becomes crucial,due to many uncontrollable factors,which affect the energy sector.A comparative evaluation of coal deposits is essential for their hierarchical classification regarding their sustainable exploitation,when compared to other coal deposits or competitive fuels,which may be used as alternative solutions for electricity generation.In this paper,a method for spatial analysis and evaluation of a lignite deposit is proposed,by creating four spatial key indicators via GIS analysis,which are then aggregated by applying a weighted linear combination.The analytical hierarchy process is applied to estimate the relative weights of the indicators,in order to perform a weighted cartographic overlay.Through the synthesis of the indicators,an overall,total spatial quality indicator is calculated.The weighted analysis was shown to be more effective compared to the unweighted one,because it can provide more reliable results regarding the exploitation of the examined lignite deposit.The implementation of GIS-based analytical hierarchy process in spatial analysis and evaluation of lignite deposits,in terms of sustainable exploitation,demonstrates that this method can be extensively applied for evaluating the economic potential of mineral deposits.

The Status Quo and Outlook of Chinese Coal Geology and Exploration Technologies

Coal is China＇s dominant energy resource. Coal geological exploration is the basis of sustainable development of coal industry. Since the late 1990s, the advances in Chinese coal geology and exploration techniques have been shown in the following aspects. （1） The basic research of coal geology has changed from traditional geological studies to earth system science; （2） Breakthroughs have been achieved in integrated exploration techniques for coal resources; （3） Evaluation of coal and coalbed methane resources provides important basis for macropolicy making for China＇s coal industry and construction of large coal bases; （4） Significant advances have been made in using information technology in coal geological exploration and 3S （GPS, GIS, RS） technology. For the present and a period of time in the future, major tasks of Chinese coal geological technology are as follows： （1） solving resources replacement problem in eastern China and geological problems of deep mining; （2） solving problem of integrated coal exploration of complex regions in energy bases of central China, and resources problems induced by coal exploitation; （3） making efforts to enhance the level of geological research and resources evaluation of coal-accumulation basins in western China; （4） strengthening geological research of clean coal technologies; （5） strengthening geological research of the problems in modern coal mining and safe production; （6） promoting information technology in coal resources and major geological investigations.

Coordinated Exploration Model and its Application to Coal and Coal-associated Deposits in Coal Basins of China

China is a top world producer of coal resources with numerous coal-rich basins country-wide that also contain coalbed methane(CBM),an unconventional natural gas resource.Recent exploration of coal and CBM resources has also led to the discovery of rare,precious,and scattered metal minerals,including sandstone-type U and Ga–Ge–Li.High-grade and industrial-value deposits have been discovered in the Ordos,Junggar,and other basins across China during exploration for coal resources.Application of coordinated exploration theories and techniques in multiple energy and coal-associated ore deposits,such as coal and unconventional natural gas in coal,achieves efficient and practical exploration of natural resources.Based on the systematic study of accumulation and occurrence of coal and coal-associated mineral resources in coal basins,the basic idea of coordinated exploration for coal and coal-associated deposits is proposed,and multi-targets and multi-methods based on a coordinated exploration model of coal-associated deposits is developed.Coordinated exploration expands the main exploration objective from coal seams to coal-associated series,extending the exploration target from targeting coal only to coal-associated deposits.Entrance times for exploration are decreased to realize coordinated exploration for coal,unconventional natural gas and syngenetic/associated mineral resources in coal by implementing a’one-time approach’―one time in and out of a coal seam to minimize disturbance and time needed for extraction.According to the differences of geological background in China’s coal basins,four coordinated exploration model types,including co-exploration of coal and coal-associated unconventional natural gas,coal and solid minerals,coal and metal minerals,and coal with water resources are established.Other models discussed include a multi-target coordinated exploration model for the combination of coal,coal-associated gas,solid minerals,and metal minerals accordingly.The exploration techniques of coal and coal-associated resources include regional geological investigation and research and synthetic application of other techniques including seismic surveys,drilling,logging,and geochemical exploration.Particularly,applying the’multi-purpose drill hole’or reworking coalfield drill holes into parameter wells,adding sample testing and logging wells,determining gas-bearing layers by logging and gas content measurement,jointly measuring multiple logging parameters,sampling,and testing of coal-strata help in the exploration and evaluation of coal resources,coal-associated unconventional natural gas resources,and coal-associated element minerals.Accordingly,a system of integrated Space–Air–Ground exploration techniques for coordinated exploration of coal and coal-associated minerals is established.This includes high-resolution,hyperspectral remote-sensing technique,high-precision geophysical exploration and fast,precise drilling,testing of experimental samples,as well as coordinated exploration and determination methods of multi-target factors,multi-exploration means,multi-parameter configuration and optimization,big data fusions and interpretation techniques.In recent years,the application of this integrated system has brought significant breakthroughs in coal exploration in Inner Mongolia,Xinjiang and other provinces,discovering several large,ten-billionton coalfields,such as the Eastern Junggar and Tuha basins,and also in exploration and development of CBM from lowrank coals in Fukang,Xinjiang,discovery the Daying U Deposit in Inner Mongolia,the Junggar Ultralarge Ga Deposit,Lincang,Yunnan,and the Wulantuga,Inner Mongolia,Ge-bearing coal deposits,and the Pingshuo Ultralarge Li–Ge Deposit.

The environment of coal mining areas and the economic evaluation of the land reclamation

The environment impact of the coal resources mining was analyzed. The method of economic evaluation for the coal mining was established to analyze land destruction. The opportunity cost method was used to quantitatively analyze and estimate the economic loss of the land destruction by coal mining. At the same time, the dump land reclamation of the Yuanbaoshan Open Pit was taken as an example to evaluate environmental and economical benefit with the method of economic evaluation for the coal mining areas land reclamation.

Current Status of the Research on Coal Geology in China

Coal is the main energy in China, which has already played and will continue to play an important role in the national economy. Coal geology, as a practical science, has an access to gradual development with the growth and prosperity of China. From the meaning of the coalfield geology, this paper introduces the research progress and status of coalfield geology, including the research on coal basin, stratigraphy of coal-bearing stratigraphic sequences, coal-forming process, structural geology of coalfields, and exploration and development status of coal resources. The paper specially focuses on coal-forming process, including coal formation in terrestrial facies and transgressive / regression events, and introduces new technology which has been applied to research progress in structural geology of coalfield. This paper puts forward a new comprehensive exploration system for coal exploration and reviews regional coal geological exploration results in recent years, such as coal-poor regions of seven provinces in southern China and the coal resources area in northwest China, which will be an important coal-producing area in the future .

Why There Will Be No Peak Coal in the Foreseeable Future

Hard coal and lignite—also referred to here jointly as coal—play a central role in the worldwide supply of humanity with primary energy. As a fossil energy carrier, coal is one of the finite natural resources. The reach of the world’s coal reserves is significant, and coal has the potential to cover some of the global energy and raw-material needs at least into the 22nd century. Precondition for this is a sustainable energy policy, i.e. an equal-ranking view of the goals of environmental and climate compatibility (sustainability), security of supply and competitiveness (affordability). The focus of developments is on resource efficiency and energy savings to obtain more modern and more efficient coal-based power plants. Greater use of coal translates into higher CO2 emissions. So if we are to achieve the climate-protection goals of limiting the rise in temperatures and reducing the CO2 content in the Earth’s atmosphere, the launch of CCS technology is recommended. Within the scope of the climate-protection debate, a discussion is also underway about an alleged drying up of coal availability in the short term (under the heading of “peak coal”). This discussion is an example of how, from the limited perspective of particular interests, a swathe of facts can be ignored. Hence, this article sets out to take a fact-based, sober look at the subject of the “reach of global coal reserves”. How much coal do we really have? And to what extent will coal be available tomorrow to guarantee secure and affordable energy supplies in the future as well? These issues will be investigated here.

黄河流域煤炭开发区地下水污染成因分析及防治建议

[研究目的]黄河流域内由于煤炭资源开发导致地下水污染严重,从整体角度对流域内重点煤炭开发区地下水进行归纳总结,为其可持续健康发展和地下水资源改善提供防治建议。[研究方法]从黄河流域战略地位出发,对地下水污染成因和污染模式进行归纳总结。采用改进后的综合水质指数法对流域内九大煤炭基地的地下水进行水质评价。选用主成分分析法赋权指标,并引入改进的内梅罗污染指数法,按照WPI分级法进行评价。[研究结果]通过对黄河流域各重点断面水质评价,得到目前流域内煤炭基地水质结果中Ⅲ、Ⅳ类占比较多,水质较差。分析成因当前流域内存在高矿化度矿井水、酸性矿井水和含特殊组分矿井水污染,同时阐述污染地下水形成的浅层和深层两种污染模式。[结论]对3种矿井水采用相应防治方法,并提出膏体充填技术和微生物修复技术2种防治技术建议,通过应用实际矿山为例,印证污染防治技术能够改善由煤炭开采引发的流域内地下水污染严重的问题,以期研究结果能够对成功推动中国绿色矿山的快速发展具有参考意义。

煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查理论与技术体系框架探讨

煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查模型的建立,是实现煤系战略性金属元素向金属矿产转变的前提条件,煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查基础理论与关键技术研究,则是建立协同勘查模型的核心任务。从煤系战略性金属元素的基本特点分析入手,论证了实施煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查的必要性;通过对协同勘查概念演变历史的梳理,阐明了煤炭综合勘查与协同勘查的关系,认为协同勘查是综合勘查的继承和发展,强调2种或多种矿产综合勘查过程中的协调有序和科学组织,其核心是协同组织勘查工程、协同实施关键技术。在论述煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查原则的基础上,初步提出煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查理论与技术方法体系框架,作为建立煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查模型的基础。煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查应以煤系战略性金属元素富集成矿机制、组合类型与赋存规律研究为前提条件,以煤地质学、矿床学、地球化学、地球物理学、勘查工程学等多学科理论为基础,以精准钻探、精细物探和精细化探等关键技术构成的协同勘查技术体系为支撑,以固体矿产勘查规范等标准为工作依据,遵循固体矿产资源勘查和综合勘查及单矿种勘查的一般性原则,以及研究先行、技术有效、精细勘查、动态调整、分区施策、协调同步等原则,协同组织勘查工程、协同实施关键技术,实现煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查的最佳技术效益和最佳经济效益的平衡,在完成煤炭地质勘查任务的基础上,查明共伴生战略性金属矿产的地质特征和开发地质条件,获得相应的资源量或元素分布特征,为煤系矿产资源综合开发利用提供地质依据。煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查值得关注并深入研究的核心问题包括:协同勘查对象的确定,勘查技术的选择和协同实施,勘查工程的协同部署,资源量的科学估算。

鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界煤岩气成藏地质条件及勘探方向

为了进一步提高鄂尔多斯盆地煤岩气勘探开发效益,综合钻井、录井和分析测试等资料,从盆地尺度上系统地研究了上古生界煤系地层聚煤环境、煤质特征、储层物性和含气性,分析了盆地煤岩气成藏条件,总结了煤岩气勘探开发关键技术,评估了盆地煤岩气资源,并指出了煤岩气的勘探方向。研究结果表明:①盆地石炭纪本溪期海陆交互相沉积与二叠纪山西期陆相三角洲沉积发育形成广泛分布的煤岩,热演化程度较高,镜质组含量高,生烃规模大。②盆地深层煤质优良,以光亮煤和半亮煤为主,煤体结构良好,以原生结构煤为主,固定碳含量高,挥发分和灰分产率低。③煤岩储层发育储集空间包括气孔、植物组织孔和无机矿物质孔,割理和裂隙发育,平均孔隙度为4.80%,平均渗透率为2.35 mD,属于致密储层;煤岩平均含气量为22.53 m^(3)/t,其中游离气平均含量为5.65 m^(3)/t,占总含气量的25.08%。④煤岩与上覆不同岩性形成了煤岩-泥岩、煤岩-石灰岩和煤岩-砂岩3种储盖组合,控制了游离气富集分布,提出了“源储一体、持续生烃、盖层封堵”的煤岩气成藏模式。⑤在煤岩气勘探实践中形成了地震地质综合建模、水平井钻完井、压裂改造和限压排采等一系列配套工程技术。⑥盆地本溪组8号煤岩和山西组5号煤岩埋深1500 m以深煤岩叠合总面积16.70×104 km^(2),估算煤岩气总资源量23.47×10^(12) m^(3)。其中8号煤岩分布面积10.63×104 km^(2),煤岩气资源量17.43×10^(12) m^(3);5号煤岩分布面积6.06×104 km^(2),煤岩气资源量6.04×10^(12) m^(3)。结论认为:①鄂尔多斯盆地煤岩气地质条件优越,资源潜力巨大,勘探配套技术已基本形成,煤岩气勘探开发前景良好;②神木周边、榆林周边、乌审旗周边、米脂北、佳县、绥德、吴堡、大宁-吉县等区带8号煤岩,神木-伊金霍洛旗、榆林-佳县、乌审旗北、横山-子洲等区带5号煤岩是近期煤岩气的重点勘探方向。

鄂尔多斯盆地煤岩气富集条件及资源潜力

通过对鄂尔多斯盆地深部煤层的沉积环境、分布特征、煤岩性质、储层特征、含气性特征以及聚散组合等方面开展系统研究,以揭示该盆地煤岩气富集条件,评价其资源潜力。研究表明:①鄂尔多斯盆地石炭系—二叠系广泛发育厚层煤层,主力煤层二叠系山西组5^(#)、石炭系本溪组8^(#)煤生烃能力强,热演化程度高,为煤岩气形成奠定了丰富的资源基础;②深部煤岩储集物性好,孔渗条件佳,5^(#)、8^(#)煤平均孔隙度为4.1%和6.4%,平均渗透率分别为8.7×10^(-3)μm^(2)和15.7×10^(-3)μm^(2);煤岩中割理和裂隙发育,与微孔共同构成主要的储集空间,且随着演化程度增高,微孔体积呈增大趋势;割理和裂隙的发育程度对渗透率影响较大;③煤岩储层与工业分析的成分在纵向上存在较为明显的非均质性分布,与下段相比,中上段受灰分充填影响较小的光亮煤,其孔隙和裂隙更为发育,为优质储层发育层段;④鄂尔多斯盆地深部煤岩含气性好,含气量为7.5×20.0 m^(3)/t,煤岩气中游离气占比明显高于浅层煤层气,游离气占比为11.0%~55.1%,超过10%;深部煤岩中游离气富集程度主要受控于宏孔和微裂缝的数量;⑤煤岩压力测试分析表明,煤灰、煤泥聚散组合封盖性好,泥岩/灰岩(顶板)-煤层-泥岩(底板)的成藏组合条件下,煤岩气测值总体较高;⑥通过体积法对鄂尔多斯盆地煤岩气资源量进行了初步评价,估算结果为22.38´1012 m3,并优选了鄂尔多斯盆地煤岩气主要有利区。研究认为,鄂尔多斯盆地中东部的乌审旗、横山—绥德、延安、子长以及宜川地区是8^(#)煤层煤岩气有利勘探区,盆地中东部的临县西、米脂、宜川—黄陵、榆林以及乌审旗—横山地区是5^(#)煤层煤岩气有利勘探区,有望形成新的天然气规模储量、产量增长区。

贵州无井式UCG选址选层“四性”地质评价模式与资源类型划分

为建立科学系统的“地质−工程”一体化地质风险评估模式,解决煤炭地下气化(UCG)选址选层难题,提出了一种以“建炉可行性、过程易控性、气化安全性、开发经济性”四性认识为基础,利用FAHP模糊层次分析法创建的包括4项一级指标、10项2级指标、26项3级关键地质参数的地质评价要素层次结构模型。该模型引入“阈值”概念,对断层指数、奥亚膨胀度、黏结指数、上覆含水层距离4项指标的超“阈值”情况实施“一票否决”,充分重视特定地质参数对UCG控制的关键作用;通过“两两判断矩阵”确定各指标权重向量,根据隶属函数厘定指标层隶属度;并提出了相应地质评价技术方法,配套建立了权重积、综合权重积以及最优3段分割等算法,将所涉及指标量化分析,精准判断资源类型与级别;同时基于矩阵结构混合编码方式,提出了“四性四级”五位编码的UCG资源类型表征系统。最终形成了以“四性”理论为基础,“算法”为骨架,“四性四级”五位编码为灵魂的科学化、系统化UCG选址选层地质评价体系。该评价体系可在多场耦合的UCG生产过程相关风险识别机制的前沿探索方面发挥关键作用,有效改善现有UCG风险识别理论局限于地质单方面,缺乏工程联系的问题,实现大区域的UCG量化选址选层,为省级乃至国家级煤炭地下气化战略规划提供解决途径,从而提出可供分步实施的典型地质条件先导性试验区建议,推动煤炭地下气化产业化进程。

煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查模型

战略性金属矿产资源在国民经济发展和国防安全中发挥重要作用。煤系作为一种特殊的含煤沉积岩系,在特定地质环境下可形成大型乃至超大型战略性金属矿床,煤系战略性金属矿产已成为矿产资源勘查的新领域和新方向。本文分析了煤与煤系战略性金属矿产的基本特征,从煤与煤系战略性金属矿产有效的协同勘查技术方法(组合)和协同勘查工程布置方面,构建了地质-地球物理-地球化学-钻探等关键技术的煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查模型。基于煤与煤系战略性金属矿产的基本特征,确定协同勘查对象包括煤-锂/镓矿床、煤-锗矿床、煤-铌-锆-镓-稀土矿床、煤-铀矿床。在煤炭勘查的技术上,煤-锂/镓矿床协同勘查需加强地震和测井资料的处理分析,增加岩石地球化学勘探技术手段对煤层、煤层顶底板、夹矸的采样测试;煤-锗矿床协同勘查增加岩石地球化学勘探技术手段对煤层的采样测试;煤-铌、锆、镓、稀土矿床协同勘查技术手段要加强测井技术(自然伽马)及岩石地球化学勘探对自然伽马高异常层样品的采集测试;煤-铀矿床协同勘查充分利用煤炭钻孔自然伽马测井、地震勘探、电磁法勘探及磁法勘探资料进行分析,在自然伽马高异常区划定铀潜力资源区,加强自然伽马能谱测井、伽马能谱录井、穿透性地球化学测量及岩石地球化学勘探等技术手段协同运用。基于煤系战略性金属矿产的分布特征和经济性,遵循“全面筛查,分区施策”的原则,依据勘查对象相应的矿产地质勘查规范,确定煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查类型和协同勘查工程布置方案,包括勘查系统选择、勘查工程布置、勘查施工顺序,探讨了资源量估算方法和估算参数。基于煤与煤系战略性金属矿产的协同勘查技术方法(组合)和协同勘查工程布置,分别构建了煤-锂/镓矿床、煤-锗矿床、煤-铌-锆-镓-稀土矿床、煤-铀矿床的协同勘查模型,为煤与煤系战略性金属矿产协同勘查工作提供理论基础和方法依据。

西部干旱半干旱煤矿区生态环境损伤特征及修复机制

我国煤炭开发重点已战略西移,实现煤炭资源绿色开采与生态协调发展,成为保障国家能源安全的重要举措之一。西部煤层大多数埋藏浅、上覆基岩薄、煤层厚,有利于一次采全高大规模井工开采或露天开采。但该地区气候干旱少雨、生态条件脆弱,大规模高强度对矿区及周边生态环境造成的损伤大。由于对开采过程中生态损伤演变机制及采后修复机理尚不清楚,没有成熟的修复理论和方法作指导,成为制约该地区煤炭高质量发展的重大难题。针对上述难题开展系统研究,认为精准勘测煤炭开采全周期工作面地质-水文地质条件和矿区生态演化特征,有助于阐明开采诱致上覆土岩破损机理、水资源散失富集与循环调运规律、生态损伤演变机理和承载力,并揭示采后矿区土岩层、水资源循环、生态自适应机理。采用植物-微生物组合修复方法,初步构建井工和露天矿山人工与自然协同的水-土-生立体耦合修复理论,提出了生态修复机制的新思考,在浅埋深矿区开采形成的裂缝发育犹如农田松土一般,成为生态修复新的契机,促进水-土-生再分配,并利用微生物修复技术,可促进矿区生态环境的正向协同发展,实现西部煤矿脆弱生态区开发“金山银山”,再造“绿水青山”的思维转变。