An Evaluation of STD/AIDS Health Education among Female Sex Workers in Entertainment Establishments in Jingjiang City

Objective: To explore effective ways of conducting STD/AIDS health education among female commercial sex workers in entertainment establishments and to promote implementation of an 100% condom use programme. Methods: In-depth interviews were carried out to collect qualitative information about demographic characteristics, STD/AIDS knowledge, attitude and risk behaviors of female sex workers. Female sex workers were selected by sampling and were given baseline survey and assessment after intervention. Based on the results of the interviews, a questionnaire was developed, and intervention measures were determined. These measures included face-to-face interviewing, counseling, and distribution of STD/AIDS information and condoms. Results: 196 and 182 female sex workers of the same population were interviewed separately before and after intervention. STDs/AIDS knowledge had significantly increased after one year's intervention (P <0.01). Knowledge increased in both the intervention group and the non-intervention group but the increase was more significant among sex workers who received the intervention. Risk behaviors remained at baseline levels in both groups. Conclusion: STD/AIDS health education among female sex workers in entertainment establishments was effective and may benefit society, but the strategies need to be adjusted to the female sex workers' lifestyles, particularly their high rates of mobility and high-risk behaviors.

Preconception Care Health Education for Female Workers of Reproductive Age in Japan Evaluation up to 6 Months after the Program

Objectives: The aim of this study was to implement a health education program for education of preconception care (PCC) for female workers of reproductive age through a seminar and to evaluate the program based on PCC knowledge and awareness and behaviors before the seminar and at 3 and 6 months after the seminar. Methods: A small group health education seminar was implemented using leaflets for 84 female workers of reproductive age, age 20 to 35 years old, and an intervention by group discussion and feedback was provided. Of these participants, 60 (71%) who provided valid survey responses were included in the analysis. The primary outcome indicators were PCC knowledge, PCC awareness and behaviors, and a food frequency questionnaire, and the secondary outcome indicators were self-efficacy and the health awareness and stress management subscales of the Health-Promotion Lifestyle Profile scale. The survey was conducted three times, before the seminar and at 3 and 6 months after the seminar, and the results were compared. Results: The percentage of individuals with PCC knowledge was significantly increased at 3 months after the seminar as compared with before the seminar, and it remained at this level even at 6 months after the seminar. The percentage of individuals with PCC awareness and behaviors was significantly increased for the items actively eat foods containing folic acid, prevent sexually transmitted diseases, and conduct self-examinations for breast cancer at 3 months after the seminar and for the items eat well-balanced meals, make the mind active, prevent sexually transmitted diseases, and conduct self-examinations for breast cancer at 6 months after the seminar. Furthermore, the score for the health awareness subscale of the Health-Promotion Lifestyle Profile scale was significantly increased at 6 months after the seminar. Conclusion: The health education program established PCC knowledge at 6 months after the seminar and improved some PCC awareness and behaviors. Therefore, it was suggested that the program would be effective for education of PCC for female workers of reproductive age.

Surgical and non-surgical education practices in female pelvic medicine and reconstructive surgery fellowships within the United States

Data are scarce regarding surgical and non-surgical education in accredited Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery (FPMRS) fellowships in theUnited States. We compared surgical and non-surgical and education among training programs and expected surgical comfort level with pelvic reconstructive procedures from the perspective of the fellow and program director. An online survey was distributed to program directors and fellows from the 39 accredited FPMRS fellowships at the time (2010). Domains evaluated in the survey were academic education requirements;surgical approaches to prolapse and to incontinence;other surgical procedures;and research and publication expectations. In total, forty fellows from 21 programs and directors from 27 programs. The most common surgical procedures performed for apical, anterior, and posterior prolapse were uterosacral ligament suspension, native tissue anterior colporrhaphy, and posterior colporrhaphy, respectively. Differences in perceived surgical comfort level were seen for coccygeus suspension, graftreinforced posterior colporrhaphy, rectus fascial sling, urethral bulking agent, cystoscopic ureteral stent placement and bowel repair. A greater proportion of program directors reported that fellows would be comfortable performing these procedures upon graduation than the proportion reported by the fellows themselves. Differences exist in FPMRS training nationwide, however, responding fellows appeared to be trained in multiple approaches to prolapse repair. Differences were seen in surgical comfort level as perceived by fellows and program directors.

STD/AIDS Education and Behavioral Intervention Among Shenzhen Female Barbers

Objective: To understand female barbers' current awareness of STD/AIDS and evaluate the effect of healtheducation and behavioral interventions. Methods: 53 barbershops in Shenzhen were selected bysampling, and their 382 female barbers were given abase-line survey and assessment of intervention followingthe intervention. Results: The survey showed that female barbersgenerally have little education and knew little aboutSTDs/AIDS. They also had some misunderstanding aboutSTDs/AIDS. Most of them knew the main transmission ofSTDs/AIDS' through sexual contact, but didn't knowwhether AIDS could be transmitted through casual contactin daily life. Their knowledge of STDs/AIDS was limited,but they had lower condom use rates and correct ideasabout when to see the doctor. Conclusion: Health education and behavioralintervention related to STD/AIDS on special populationwere effective and or good social consequence.

Nursing as a profession:Undergraduate female students’perception

Background and Objective: Nursing profession has a robust educational pathway into the practice and acontinuously growing body of knowledge within programs in higher education. This study aimed to investigate andcompare between first and fourth year nursing students’ perception toward their profession. Method: The studywas conducted at one of the biggest female governmental universities in Saudi Arabia in the college of nursing. Thestudy involved a convenient sample of 300 currently enrolled bachelors nursing students from the first and fourthyears in the college of nursing. Self-administered questionnaire was used in this study. Results: The majority ofstudy sample have joined the faculty of nursing due to grades foundation year and 50% of them have also a nursefriend or relative. Fourth year students were more proud than first year students when they are talking aboutnursing, and their image was changed to better after clinical training, majority of the participants have a positiveperception toward nursing, and no significant differences in perception of nursing profession between first andfourth year students. Conclusion: There are many students of first and fourth year who have no plans regardingchanging their profession. This may be an indication for a possible decreasing in the shortage of Saudi nurses. Butthere is still a need to improve the public image of nursing to attract students into nursing programs, and advisingshould be provided for students to develop positive perception towards nursing profession.

Religious Involvement in Young Islamic Women Participation in Physical Education, Sports, and Physical Activities

This study is to identify the relationship between young Islamic women involvement in physical education,physical activities,and sports.Today,limited attention has been paid to the relationship of young female Muslims and sports.This relationship can be noted as a social problem,and therefore need a specific attention to this problem.This study examines how Muslim female students display their participation in physical education and sporting activities and how their Islamic background influences of the way of the precise their engagement with the field of sport.Being a Muslim young woman and participating in sport is getting as a challenge of their ethnic identities.So that the young Muslim women clearly positioning within the framework of their ethnic identities are not interested in sports because they not seen it as a respectable femininity.According to the previously reported guidelines and results,the methodology was constructing for this systematic review.All the original data in this article were collected from published articles in research gate and Google scholar.The articles were searched under the topics of“religious involvement in Muslim female’s physical education,sports and physical activities”and“Muslim Female Participation in Olympics”.Results show that the religious involvement has positive attitudes toward female participation but extensive parental influence important to the young Muslim women involvement in the sports field.This paper also expresses that Muslim girl’s participation in physical education,physical activity,and sports is less because they are in struggle between their identity as Muslims and dress codes as well as the sporting requirements and in the other hand mixing or interaction with the opposite gender and doing exercises on Ramadan.

基于女性创业韧性研究的女大学生创业教育设计

企业家经常面临威胁组织生存的困境和挑战,女性创业过程中会遇到更多的障碍和刻板印象,这塑造了其特有的创业韧性。在宏观、中观和微观三个层面,女性创业韧性的保护因素和风险因素都有所不同。微观层面包括个体特质和人力资本,具有女性创业自我效能更低、以推动性创业动机为主、角色积累较为单一等特点。中观层面包括社会支持和财务资源的不同,女性承担更多的家庭责任,更难获得财务资源。宏观层面则表现为社会性别化的压力。对女性创业韧性的研究分析,对女大学生创业教育有一定启发,要求课程中加入增强女性创业自我效能、提升女大学生家庭事业的平衡能力和增强创业动机等内容。

近代“女性自立”视域下的刺绣教育研究

围绕近代女性社会身份及地位的转换,通过文献资料搜集、个案分析等方法,探讨了近代刺绣教育在课程设置、教学内容、课程特色、培养模式方面的做法,以及为促进“女性自立”所做出的探索和革新。研究发现,刺绣教育是近代新的社会生产关系重构中为了迎合女性社会身份及地位转变中的适应性发展,其不仅为广大女性提供了实现经济自立的职业手段,塑造了贤妻良母的近代女性形象,展现出女性通过刺绣出口创汇救国于危难中的公民担当,而且无形中促进了传统刺绣技艺的创新发展,发挥了工艺美术在社会发展中的作用及价值。该研究为认识中国近代工艺美术教育提供了一个新视角,有助于进一步推进近代中国工艺美术传承发展研究。

国际中文教育资源建设背景下的对外中文词典编纂研究

对外中文词典是中文二语学习者自主学习的必备工具,也是国际中文教育基础资源的重要组成部分。国际中文教育资源发展要求对外中文词典应立足现有成果,以词典用户为中心,凸显词典的外向型和学习型特征。针对词典使用率低、数字化滞后的现实困境,我们需要吸收语言学、词典学等学科的前沿理论,借鉴其他辞书、教学资源的数字化经验,不断完善对外中文词典的编纂实践和推广工作。同时,应利用科技赋能,加快对外中文词典数字化转型的步伐;抓住“中文+职业技能”教育趋势带来的机遇,丰富词典类型,为新形势下国际中文学习者多元的资源需求提供精准服务。

中国动漫审美特征的神话学探究

受中国神话影响,中国动漫在形象塑造、情节设置、声画艺术方面具有鲜明的民族特质和民族精神,追求崇高,再现现实,强调教化意义。从神话学的研究视角,探究中国动漫的教化功能、伦理意识、女性观念等审美特征的形成,阐释中国动漫审美特征与中国神话之间的内在关联,揭示中国神话对中国动漫潜在的深刻的影响,对继承和发展中国优秀传统文化具有重要的现实意义。

论明代女教书籍出版的社会秩序建构意义

明代女教书籍出版数量居历朝之冠,出版主体的身份明显趋于多样化,女性编撰者有皇后、太后、贵妃与民妇,男性编撰者有文官、藩王与士大夫,官、私、坊皆有刊刻。本文借鉴身份认同理论和帕森斯的结构功能主义理论,分析明代出版女教书籍陡然增多的深层社会原因,探寻明代女教书籍出版对于当时社会秩序的建构意义。

理工类院校女大学生人际交往现状及教育对策研究

人际交往是影响大学生心理健康的主要因素之一,女大学生比男大学生更易受人际交往的影响。采用问卷法对理工科D院校一年级大学生的人际交往现状进行调查后发现,女大学生总体的人际交往处于良好水平,在交谈、待人接物、与异性朋友交往三方面的状况均好于男大学生,非独生子女的女大学生在交际与交友方面不如独生子女的女大学生。总体上,女大学生善于运用人际交往技巧,有较强的交往动机和较高的交友标准,非独生子女的女大学生有较弱的朋辈交往动机和较高的朋辈交往要求。结合以上,高校思政课要帮助女大学生树立以理想信念为核心的价值观,高校心理健康教育课要帮助女大学生树立正确的人际价值观。

读博妈妈“学业与母职”困境干预——基于行动科学的理论视角

博士就读时间恰与女性生育黄金年龄重合,读博妈妈面临的学业与母职冲突尤为巨大。与以往研究停留在描述、解释和分析的层次不同,研究者以行动科学为指导对现实困境进行干预,呈现了一个成功案例。最初,当事人采取“母职隐身”和“学业隐身”策略,试图满足行动科学第I型文化中“好学生”和“好妈妈”的标准,却陷入双输困境。支持者通过创设对话机会构建第Ⅱ型文化空间,采用“情境移植”等互动式干预策略,使当事人突破原来框定问题的界限,实现双路径学习。基于此研究结果提出,校园第Ⅱ型文化的构建将有助于保障女博士的生育权利,起到“生育祛魅”作用,破除高学历女性的母职焦虑,提升其行动策略。

高质量家政教育助推角色自由与女性解放

当前,中国需要完成从法律上的男女平等到事实上的男女平等的转变。职场潜规则、就业面狭窄、工作、家庭难以两全等依旧阻碍着女性解放的步伐。要实现真正意义上的女性解放,就需要破除这些不平等待遇。这些不平等待遇主要源于女性在家庭、社会角色上的摩擦以及这些摩擦带来的家庭、工作冲突。因此,探寻缓解摩擦的手段和办法是现阶段中国女性解放的关键。家政教育作为沟通家庭与社会的桥梁,是化解家庭-工作冲突的润滑剂,是实现女性角色自由的重要手段。大力发展家政教育,实施家政观念、家政教育的革命性变革,是助力现阶段中国女性解放的必由之路。

基于“七普”数据的发达地区女性人口发展状况、面临挑战与应对策略——以浙江省A市为例

在中国特色社会主义现代化建设进程中,以性别视角关注女性人口发展状况,既是推动我国人口长期均衡发展的重要内容,也是重视不同人群共同发展、促进整体人口高质量发展的应有之义。基于浙江省A市第七次全国人口普查数据,重点对A市女性人口发展规模、发展质量、年龄结构、婚姻与生育状况、劳动就业状况等进行描述性统计与分析,并在此基础上深入剖析了现代女性在承担人口再生产、家庭照料和社会生产三重社会角色中面临的现实挑战。为促进女性人口高质量发展,有必要建立积极生育支持政策体系,增加教育公共投资,从而释放人口性别红利。

某高校女生4326例妇科疾病发病情况调查分析

目的了解高校女生妇科疾病的发病情况,制定预防及治疗措施,并开展有针对性的生殖健康教育。方法收集2018年1月至2022年12月某高校校医院妇科门诊就诊的4326例在校女生病历资料,从年龄段、性行为、发病年份对疾病发病率进行分析总结。结果在校女生的妇科疾病发病率前三位由高到低依次为月经失调(47.13%)、妇科炎症(33.66%)、痛经(26.61%)。17~20岁人群月经失调、痛经占比较高(分别为37.37%和30.67%),31~35岁人群月经失调、痛经占比最低(分别为12.70%和11.03%)。有性行为人群的妇科炎症发病率占比较高(87.91%)。人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染人数呈逐年增加趋势。结论高校须加强在校女生全面系统的生殖健康教育,同时针对不同年龄段的生理特点开展个性化的健康教育,使在校女生的自我保健意识增强,从而保障她们的身心健康。

The Transmission of Gender Stereotypes in the Educational Process and Its Impact on Girls’Choices of STEM Majors

This study examines the transmission of gender stereotypes in the educational process and their impact on girls’choices of Science,Technology,Engineering,and Mathematics(STEM)majors.Utilizing a mixed-methods approach with a sample of 500 high school students,the research identified a significant negative correlation between the perception of gender stereotypes and intentions to pursue STEM fields,particularly among female students.The study’s findings suggest that educational interventions aimed at challenging gender stereotypes can enhance self-efficacy and encourage more equitable STEM major choices.The importance of female role models and equitable teaching practices in mitigating the impact of gender stereotypes is also highlighted.The paper concludes with recommendations for educational policy makers,schools,teachers,parents,and society to collaboratively address gender biases and support all students in STEM education.

清末民国时期中国女子体操学校发展考释

中国女子体操学校创设于1908年(清光绪戊申年),历时约33年,培养女子体育师资千余人,期间两次中断又相继维系,经历多次战争摧毁又得以重生,开中国女子体育专业教育之先河。但现有研究对该校创办时间、创办人、学校称谓、修业年限等基本信息缺乏深入考证,致使体育史教材、各类辞典对其介绍存在诸多错误。本研究运用文献资料、逻辑互证等方法,对该校诸多存疑问题进行考证,并从学校名称、创设时间、负责人变化、修业年限、课程设置、师资队伍等方面梳理了该校的发展历程,以期再现该校百年前发展的真实样态,展现中国近代体育教育工作者为女子体育教育事业奋斗的心路历程,为中国体育教育事业高质量发展提供中国经验。

对19世纪英国女性高等教育的再审视

19世纪中叶后,受经济、社会、政治等诸多因素影响,女性高等教育逐渐在英国兴起,女性开始拥有获得学士学位以及获得奖学金等权利。英国女性在高等教育领域争取受教育权的漫长过程,以及所经历的艰辛与曲折,充分暴露出起步阶段英国女性高等教育中存在的问题,对其进行重新审视和分析,可以为我国女性高等教育的发展提供参考。

近代中国女子医学教育路径研究

近代中国女子医学教育在中国现代化进程中占据重要地位。研究利用学校毕业纪念册、媒体报道等一手材料,探讨多重路径之下近代各医学院校的办学宗旨、培养方式及教学成效。讲习社依靠名医社会影响,是国医教育向院校发展的过渡形式;男女兼招的国医学校与女子专门医学校在课程设置上具有融通中西的特点,而后者多以培养女科医士为目标;女子西医教育从早期的教会学校到国人自主兴办医校标志着教育风气的本土化;产科学校则注重现代产科医生和助产士的培养。女子医学教育不仅推动了中国医学的现代化进程,也为女性提供了新的社会角色和职业机会。而经费短缺、基础教育薄弱是近代中西医教育共同面临的窒碍,政策的倾斜又使中医教育的境况更加严峻,进而呈现出中医在野,西医在朝的局面。通过对女子医学教育的研究,可以更全面地理解中国近代社会变革和女性解放运动中的复杂动态,揭示其在现代化路径中的关键作用。