Environment and Human Behaviors——Taking “The Acorn Gatherer” as a Case Study

Human living environment interacts with human behaviors.Environment to some degree determines human behaviors which in return reshape and sustain the dynamic environment.Taking Richard Jefferies' The Acorn Gatherer as a case study,this paper makes an argument that the behaviors of the villagers in the story can be more adequately interpreted in view of the backward countryside environment,and the same is true with the author Richard Jefferies' non-interference in the omniscient third-person point of view in writing the story.It is Richard Jefferies' family environment that makes up his viewpoint of writing,reflecting his critical loving of the countryside,where lives boom and conventions are extremely followed.

Ecological Environment in Terms of Human Behavior

In terms of human behavior,company and government policy,it is proposed that the ecological behavior of human being is the basis of influence on the ecological environment construction in Poyang Lake and measures to ensure the sustainable development of ecological environment in Poyang Lake.

Based on the human capital perspective to explore the social insurance premium is influence on the behavior of enterprises to participate in social insurance

To participate in social insurance is a major social responsibility of enterprises, even it is a mandatory social policy, companies still escaped pay society insurance. The serious consequences of this phenomenon become increasingly prominent.it not only damaged the justice of labor market, but also violated the staffs interest. Various factors influence enterprise to participate in social insurance behavior .Human capital is the impact of insurance companies. This paper is mainly focusing on the theory analysis of different human capital participating behavior of enterprises. From the perspective of human capital, using the cost-benefit theory and rational choice theory in economics to explore participating behavior, enterprise employees of different human capital differences in attitude to attend social insurance. No matter enterprises with higher or lower human capital, enterprises and employees choose to participate in social insurance act consistently. But, it can improve participate of low human capital enterprise behavior when payment rate reduced. So, it is suggested that establishing a lower level of social insurance system is helpful to expand coverage, it can through e^tahllgh the sunnlementarv insurance system meet the needs of more people.

Social correlates of sedentary behavior in young people:The UP&DOWN study

Purpose:The aim of the present study was to analyze the associations of youths' sedentary behavior(SB) with parents' and siblings' SB and physical activity(PA),as well as the associations of youths' coparticipation with parents,siblings,and friends in PA and SB with youths' SB.Methods:The sample consisted of 1543 youths(12.02±2.51 years;788 boys) enrolled in the baseline cohort of the UP&DOWN study.SB was assessed by accelerometry and questionnaire.Participants reported the time spent by their parents and siblings watching television,playing videogames,surfing the Internet,sitting/resting,and doing PA.Further,participants reported coparticipation with parents,siblings,and friends in these activities.Linear mixed models,including school and city as random effects,were performed.Results:Parents' television time was positively associated with youths' screen-based SB.Coparticipation with friends in playing videogames(in boys) and in surfing the Internet(in girls) showed a positive association with screen-based SB and a negative association with educational-based SB.Moreover,coparticipation with siblings and friends in PA was inversely associated with accelerometer-based SB in boys and girls.Conclusion:Our results emphasize the important role of social modeling in the development of sedentary lifestyles in youths.Interventions aimed at reducing health risk behaviors in youths could be more effective if they are oriented from a social perspective that involves their families and networks of their closest friends.

Spatial Humanities and Geo-computation for Social Sciences:Advances and Applications

Humanities and Social Sciences(HSS) are undergoing the transformation of spatialization and quantification. Geo-computation, with geoinformatics(including RS: Remote Sensing;GIS: Geographical Information System;GNSS: Global Navigation Satellite System), provides effective computational and spatialization methods and tools for HSS. Spatial Humanities and Geo-computation for Social Sciences(SH&GSS) is a field coupling geo-computation, and geoinformatics, with HSS. This special issue accepted a set of contributions highlighting recent advances in methodologies and applications of SH&GSS, which are related to sentiment spatial analysis from social media data, emotional change spatial analysis from news data, spatial analysis of social media related to COVID-19, crime spatiotemporal analysis, “double evaluation” for Land Use/Land Cover(LUCC), Specially Protected Natural Areas(SPNA) analysis, editing behavior analysis of Volunteered Geographic Information(VGI), electricity consumption anomaly detection, First and Last Mile Problem(FLMP) of public transport, and spatial interaction network analysis for crude oil trade network. Based on these related researches, we aim to present an overview of SH&GSS, and propose some future research directions for SH&HSS.

Household Environment and Malaria in Pregnancy in Ibadan, Nigeria

Introduction: Malaria in pregnancy, which enormously creates substantial risks for the mother and her fetus, is a public health problem in Nigeria. Design and Methods: Through questionnaire administration, this cross-sectional survey investigates the influence of the household environment on malaria preventive and treatment behaviors among 300 pregnant women in two selected areas of Oyo State, Nigeria. In addition, four focus group discussions and four in-depth interviews were conducted, all between October 2015 and March, 2016. Results: Findings from the study indicate a positive relationship between income level (P = 0.000), educational level (P = 0.000) and preventive behavior and perception of malaria. There, however, is a negative relationship (P = 0.122) between place of residence and number of malaria episodes of the respondents. A high awareness on the cause of Malaria was recorded in this study, while a low awareness on the consequences of malaria infection in Pregnancy was visible. Conclusion and Recommendation: The household environment of pregnant women was found a key predictor in the prevention and treatment of malaria in both rural and urban areas of Oyo State Nigeria. Nationwide programme aimed at reducing malaria especially among pregnant women is needed in Nigeria.

Human settlement's social network analysis based on spatial trend surface model:a case study of Chongqing Municipality

Integrated with GIS and remote sensing(RS) technology,a systematic analysis and its methodology for human-settlements social environment has been introduced.This methodology has been called spatial trend field model(STFM).STFM's application history in the field of human-settlements social environment has been discussed at first.Then,some index data models have been created through STFM,which include population density trend field,human activity strength trend field,city-town spatial density trend field,urbanization ratio trend field,road density trend field,GDP spatial density trend field and PER-GDP spatial density trend field.With all above-mentioned indexes as input data,through Iterative Self-Organizing Data Analysis Techniques Algorithm(ISODATA),this paper makes a verification study of Chongqing municipality.The result of the case study confirms that STFM methodology is credible and has high efficiency for regional human-settlements study.

HIV阳性MSM的社会行为及首次同性性行为到阳性时间的影响因素分析

目的了解艾滋病病毒(HIV)阳性男男性行为者(MSM)的社会行为特征,分析首次同性性行为到阳性时间的影响因素。方法收集2007—2022年绵阳市疾病预防控制中心新确证并实施首次流行病学调查的阳性MSM资料,阳性时间的影响因素分析采用χ^(2)检验和Logistics回归模型。结果共收集有效资料457份,自认性取向成因属先天因素63.95%、后天因素36.05%,首次同性性行为性伴来源互联网60.54%、朋友等39.46%。首次同性性行为年龄平均23.95岁,发生阶段为在校学生44.64%、工作后55.36%。53.75%使用过rush poppers。阳性时间平均5.25年。多因素分析结果,职业学生/商业服务/无业(OR=1.868)、首次同性性行为发生在在校学生阶段(OR=1.555)者阳性时间短的可能更大,婚姻状况在婚及其他(OR=0.566)、固定性伴数≥3人(OR=0.553)、偶遇性伴数≥5人(OR=0.457)者阳性时间短的可能更小。结论阳性MSM多自认其性取向属先天因素,首次同性性行为的性伴来源互联网、发生在工作后和使用新型毒品较为普遍。阳性时间与婚姻状况、首次同性性行为发生阶段及性伴数量相关联。要针对性强化健康教育和行为干预。

HFACS-MI改进模型在危险化学品仓储事故人因分析中的应用

为了研究危险化学品仓储事故的关键人因,通过人因分析与分类系统-煤矿(Human Factors Analysis and Classification System-Mine,HFACS-MI)改进模型从员工的不安全行为、影响不安全行为的前提条件、监督行为、组织影响和企业外部因素5个层次系统地分析65起危险化学品仓储事故,并运用卡方检验和让步比分析了产生不安全行为的原因和各层次间的内在关系。结果表明,外部管理、组织过程、监督不充分、个人因素、技能差错和违规是导致危险化学品仓储事故发生的重要因素。HFACS-MI改进模型上下层级的人为因素间存在显著的因果关系,且主要的危险化学品仓储事故致因路径共有5条,其中“外部管理因素—组织过程漏洞—监督不充分—个人因素—违规”是最关键的致因路径。改进的HFACS-MI模型可以有效分析危险化学品仓储事故人因因素。

感激导向人力资源管理实践的驱动机制及其作用机理

目前关于战略人力资源管理实践的研究过度关注结果导向而忽视了员工福祉,员工作为企业最重要的资源,其付出需要组织给予认可与肯定。然而,感激导向人力资源管理实践是由何种因素形成,又会给组织、部门及个体带来何种影响,既有文献缺乏系统思考和实证研究。鉴于此,本文将探究中国情境下感激导向人力资源管理实践的驱动机制与作用机理。首先,探讨感激导向人力资源管理实践的形成因素。其次,探讨感激导向人力资源管理实践对组织韧性与企业社会责任的影响机制。再次,探讨感激导向人力资源管理实践对领导感激表达的影响机制。最后,探讨感激导向人力资源管理实践对员工帮助行为的影响机制。本文拓展了工作场所组织感激的研究视角,为组织优化人力资源管理实践提供参考和借鉴。

基于科教融合的行为舒适型微型建筑空间设计研究

高密度城市中的微型居住空间能够在一定程度上解决中低收入人口或流动人口的居住问题。但狭小的空间会造成居住者在行动方面的困难。这种困难即行为上的不舒适问题,可能会导致久坐、久躺等不良生活方式的形成,进而影响居住者的身体健康。因此,本文以科教融合的方式进行研究,依据人体生理行为上的特点,提出一种能够提升身体活动舒适性的微型居住空间设计方法,进而促进居室空间形态的个性化生成和学生建筑设计能力的培养。

基于慕课支持的混合式教学模式探索与实践——以人类行为与社会环境课程为例

为了应对高等教育数字化转型的变化与挑战,该研究以人类行为与社会环境课程为例,实施教学改革实践。首先,研究开展基于慕课支持的混合式教学设计,通过两轮混合式教学实践的持续改进,形成混合式教学模式。其次,依托2020—2022年的教学实践,对基于慕课支持的混合式教学模式的应用效果展开验证,分析并总结该模式下课程教学初步取得的教学成效,针对混合式教学过程中遇到的问题给出建议。最后,提出完善混合式教学模式的优化策略,有望为今后的相关研究与实践提供有益的参考和帮助。

自然资源−社会经济−生态环境的关联演化认知

探讨了人与自然生命共同体理念下,自然资源、社会经济与生态环境三者之间的复杂关联及其演化机制。通过解析社会−生态系统的内涵,构建了涵盖自然资源、社会经济与生态环境复合体,旨在揭示三者间的相互作用与影响。进一步分析了从原始文明、农业文明、工业文明、生态文明的历史演进过程中,自然资源、社会经济与生态环境要素的演化路径,通过对历史阶段的深入分析,阐述了从工业文明到生态文明转型时期的启示,为人与自然和谐共生理念下研究三者耦合协调发展提供新的视角。

社交机器人在信息行为研究中的概念、任务及应用

[目的/意义]在社交机器人应用范围不断拓宽的背景下,系统性地综述社交机器人及其信息行为研究有助于洞察该领域的发展趋势,为未来深入探索提供研究借鉴。[方法/过程]详细梳理了社交机器人在信息行为研究中的国内外研究。首先,提炼社交机器人的理论基础和研究热点;其次,从数据资源建设角度和语言理解、情感计算、信息检索、智能对话任务角度归纳社交机器人的基础任务;再次,对社交机器人在具体应用场景中的信息行为研究进行总结和讨论;最后,深入讨论该领域的未来发展趋势。[结果/结论]社交机器人在信息行为研究领域的未来发展具有巨大的潜力和挑战,如交互质量评估、社会认知增强、用户信息披露、情感理解能力等方面,并积极探索解决方案。

家庭环境与大学生攻击行为的关系:有调节的中介模型

探讨家庭环境与大学生攻击行为的关系,以及自我控制的中介作用和领悟社会支持的调节作用。采用家庭环境量表、攻击行为量表、领悟社会支持量表和自我控制量表对1359名在校大学生进行调查。结果显示:(1)家庭环境、领悟社会支持、自我控制、攻击行为彼此存在显著相关;(2)自我控制在家庭环境和大学生攻击行为间起中介作用;(3)领悟社会支持可以在家庭环境与大学生攻击行为的直接路径及两者关系中的中介路径的前半段起调节作用。研究表明,家庭环境不仅直接影响大学生攻击行为,还可以通过自我控制间接影响大学生攻击行为;领悟社会支持既调节家庭环境对大学生攻击行为的直接作用,又调节家庭环境通过自我控制对大学生攻击行为的间接作用。

Fostering firm innovativeness:Understanding the sequential relationships between human resource practices,psychological empowerment,innovative work behavior,and firm innovative capability

This study investigated the relationships between human resource(HR)practices,employee psychological empowerment,employee innovative work behavior,and firm innovation capability in the context of the Information and Communication Technology(ICT)sector in Jordan.Employing the Social Exchange Theory(SET)as a guiding framework,this study explored how employee psychological empowerment and innovative work behavior mediated the influence of HR practices on a firm’s innovative capabilities.Drawing on extensive data collected from ICT organizations in Jordan,our analysis had several key findings.A significant positive correlation between HR practices and psychological empowerment was observed.Job design emerged as the most influential factor affecting psychological empowerment,whereas compensation had a weaker impact.Furthermore,we established that psychological empowerment significantly enhanced innovative work behavior,underscoring its role as a catalyst for innovative work behavior within the sector.Finally,our study supported the theory that psychological empowerment influenced a firms’innovation capabilities,emphasizing the pivotal role of employee empowerment in driving firm-level innovation in the Jordanian ICT sector.These findings provide insights for academic and practical audiences,clarifying how HR practices,employee psychological empowerment,and innovative work behavior collectively influenced firm innovation capability within the unique context of the Jordanian ICT sector.

信息受限情况下多出口应急疏散仿真分析

为了研究多出口房间疏散过程中行人信息掌握程度异质化及行人间存在利他互助行为时系统疏散动力学的演化,提出考虑行人帮助行为的改进社会力模型,基于不同的疏散信息掌握程度,构建有/无帮助行为的出口选择策略。研究结果表明:群体密度较低且存在帮助行为时,信息掌握程度越高疏散效率越高;群体密度较高时结论相反,信息掌握程度较低时,帮助行为能有效削弱“快即是慢”效应;信息掌握程度较高时,帮助行为则可能抑制疏散效率。研究结果不仅在理论上深化了对多出口房间疏散动力学的理解,而且在实际场景中对提高疏散效率和安全性具有重要借鉴意义。

非正式组织视角下煤矿工人不安全行为形成路径研究

为了探究非正式组织视角下煤矿工人不安全行为的形成路径,找寻影响煤矿工人不安全行为的因素,在现有研究基础上,提出组织环境和社会网络关系对煤矿工人不安全行为具有导向性的假设,通过编制量表、发放问卷的方式收集数据资料,运用SPSS分析软件、AMOS建模工具进行数据处理和模型拟合,确定了煤矿工人不安全行为的形成路径。结果表明:组织环境和社会网络直接或间接作用于煤矿工人不安全行为;不安全行为形成有2条主路径,分别是组织影响→不安全监督→不安全行为前提条件→煤矿工人不安全行为、关联程度→依赖关系→煤矿工人不安全行为;通过对改善的组织环境和行为监管社会网络关系,提升煤矿工人非正式组织氛围,可以有效减少煤矿工人不安全行为的发生,为煤矿企业管理决策提供新思路。

新媒体环境下高校大学生社会交往行为优化与教学探索

在新媒体环境的冲击下,高校大学生的社会交往行为发生了翻天覆地的变化,给高校管理和育人工作带来了全新的挑战。文章以新媒体环境下高校大学生社会交往行为的转变为切入点,深入剖析新媒体环境下高校大学生社会交往行为的特点以及所产生的双向影响,并为新媒体环境下高校大学生社会交往行为的优化构建找寻可行性路径,为学校教学改革提出一些参考性建议。