Flag leaf angle is one of the key target traits in high yield wheat breeding.A smaller flag leaf angle reduces shading and enables plants to grow at a higher density,which increases yield.Here we identified a mutant,j...Flag leaf angle is one of the key target traits in high yield wheat breeding.A smaller flag leaf angle reduces shading and enables plants to grow at a higher density,which increases yield.Here we identified a mutant,je0407,with an 84.34%-89.35%smaller flag leaf angle compared with the wild type.The mutant also had an abnormal lamina joint and no ligule or auricle.Genetic analysis indicated that the ligule was controlled by two recessive genes,which were mapped to chromosomes 2AS and 2DL.The mutant allele on chromosome 2AS was named Tafla1b,and it was fine mapped to a 1 Mb physical interval.The mutant allele on chr.2DL was identified as Taspl8b,a novel allele of TaSPL8 with a missense mutation in the second exon,which was used to develop a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence marker.F3 and F4 lines derived from crosses between Jing411 and je0407 were genotyped to investigate interactions between the Tafla1b and Taspl8b alleles.Plants with the Tafla1b/Taspl8a genotype had 58.41%-82.76%smaller flag leaf angles,6.4%-24.9%shorter spikes,and a greater spikelet density(0.382 more spikelets per cm)compared with the wild type.Plants with the Tafla1a/Taspl8b genotype had 52.62%-82.24%smaller flag leaf angles and no differences in plant height or spikelet density compared with the wild type.Tafla1b/Taspl8b plants produced erect leaves with an abnormal lamina joint.The two alleles had dosage effects on ligule formation and flag leaf angle,but no significant effect on thousand-grain weight.The mutant alleles provide novel resources for improvement of wheat plant architecture.展开更多
目的初探纵向弛豫时间定量成像(T1 mapping)和酰胺质子转移加权(amide proton transfer weighted,APTw)成像鉴别慢性肾病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患者与健康人群的价值。材料与方法回顾性分析2019年8月至2020年10月行3.0 T MRI检查...目的初探纵向弛豫时间定量成像(T1 mapping)和酰胺质子转移加权(amide proton transfer weighted,APTw)成像鉴别慢性肾病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患者与健康人群的价值。材料与方法回顾性分析2019年8月至2020年10月行3.0 T MRI检查的CKD患者病例资料共21例(女6例,男15例),所有患者均经大连医科大学附属第一医院肾内科医师依据CKD临床实践指南确诊;同时收集24例健康志愿者临床资料作为对照组。将所有原始图像导入ISP工作站,生成伪彩图。由两名影像科诊断医师采用双盲法分别从肾的上极、中部、下极各选择一个层面并于皮质和髓质中分别放置感兴趣区(region of interest,ROI),面积约10~20 mm^(2),避开肾窦、大血管及肾周组织。测量所得皮髓质T1值与APT值应用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学分析:应用组内相关系数(intra-class correlation coefficients,ICC)进行观察者间测量结果一致性检验;根据数据正态分布情况,采用独立样本t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验分析两组间参数值差异,P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义;采用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析各参数诊断效能,根据最大约登指数得到相对应的阈值、敏感度和特异度,并计算曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)值。结果两位观察者间测量结果一致性良好(ICC>0.75)。CKD组双肾皮质T1值和皮质APT值显著高于健康对照组(P<0.05);左肾皮质T1值鉴别CKD的AUC值为0.887,敏感度66.7%,特异度100.0%;左肾皮质APT值鉴别CKD的AUC值为0.966,敏感度95.2%,特异度95.8%;右肾皮质T1值鉴别CKD的AUC值为0.960,敏感度76.2%,特异度100.0%;右肾皮质APT值鉴别CKD的AUC值为0.921,敏感度85.7%,特异度91.7%。结论T1 mapping与APTw成像可无创有效鉴别CKD,基于二者的定量参数在一定程度上反映了单侧肾脏各自结构与功能的改变,有望为临床疾病诊断提供一定的参考价值。展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(2022YFD1200700)the Crop Varietal Improvement and Insect Pests Control by Nuclear Radiation,Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,and the China Agriculture Research System(CARS-03).
文摘Flag leaf angle is one of the key target traits in high yield wheat breeding.A smaller flag leaf angle reduces shading and enables plants to grow at a higher density,which increases yield.Here we identified a mutant,je0407,with an 84.34%-89.35%smaller flag leaf angle compared with the wild type.The mutant also had an abnormal lamina joint and no ligule or auricle.Genetic analysis indicated that the ligule was controlled by two recessive genes,which were mapped to chromosomes 2AS and 2DL.The mutant allele on chromosome 2AS was named Tafla1b,and it was fine mapped to a 1 Mb physical interval.The mutant allele on chr.2DL was identified as Taspl8b,a novel allele of TaSPL8 with a missense mutation in the second exon,which was used to develop a cleaved amplified polymorphic sequence marker.F3 and F4 lines derived from crosses between Jing411 and je0407 were genotyped to investigate interactions between the Tafla1b and Taspl8b alleles.Plants with the Tafla1b/Taspl8a genotype had 58.41%-82.76%smaller flag leaf angles,6.4%-24.9%shorter spikes,and a greater spikelet density(0.382 more spikelets per cm)compared with the wild type.Plants with the Tafla1a/Taspl8b genotype had 52.62%-82.24%smaller flag leaf angles and no differences in plant height or spikelet density compared with the wild type.Tafla1b/Taspl8b plants produced erect leaves with an abnormal lamina joint.The two alleles had dosage effects on ligule formation and flag leaf angle,but no significant effect on thousand-grain weight.The mutant alleles provide novel resources for improvement of wheat plant architecture.
文摘目的初探纵向弛豫时间定量成像(T1 mapping)和酰胺质子转移加权(amide proton transfer weighted,APTw)成像鉴别慢性肾病(chronic kidney disease,CKD)患者与健康人群的价值。材料与方法回顾性分析2019年8月至2020年10月行3.0 T MRI检查的CKD患者病例资料共21例(女6例,男15例),所有患者均经大连医科大学附属第一医院肾内科医师依据CKD临床实践指南确诊;同时收集24例健康志愿者临床资料作为对照组。将所有原始图像导入ISP工作站,生成伪彩图。由两名影像科诊断医师采用双盲法分别从肾的上极、中部、下极各选择一个层面并于皮质和髓质中分别放置感兴趣区(region of interest,ROI),面积约10~20 mm^(2),避开肾窦、大血管及肾周组织。测量所得皮髓质T1值与APT值应用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计学分析:应用组内相关系数(intra-class correlation coefficients,ICC)进行观察者间测量结果一致性检验;根据数据正态分布情况,采用独立样本t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验分析两组间参数值差异,P<0.05为差异具有统计学意义;采用受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析各参数诊断效能,根据最大约登指数得到相对应的阈值、敏感度和特异度,并计算曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)值。结果两位观察者间测量结果一致性良好(ICC>0.75)。CKD组双肾皮质T1值和皮质APT值显著高于健康对照组(P<0.05);左肾皮质T1值鉴别CKD的AUC值为0.887,敏感度66.7%,特异度100.0%;左肾皮质APT值鉴别CKD的AUC值为0.966,敏感度95.2%,特异度95.8%;右肾皮质T1值鉴别CKD的AUC值为0.960,敏感度76.2%,特异度100.0%;右肾皮质APT值鉴别CKD的AUC值为0.921,敏感度85.7%,特异度91.7%。结论T1 mapping与APTw成像可无创有效鉴别CKD,基于二者的定量参数在一定程度上反映了单侧肾脏各自结构与功能的改变,有望为临床疾病诊断提供一定的参考价值。
