Letter from Li Peng Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, To China Society for Human Rights Studies

China Society for Human Rights Studies, I would like to extend my warm greetings to the launch of your Human Rights magazine. Enjoying human rights fully is a lofty goal long pursued after by human race. Over the years when they carried out revolution, construction and reforms, the Chinese people have struggled indomitably and strived incessantly to achieve this goal. Progress made in this regard has caught worldwide attention. When struggling for, safeguarding, promoting and developing human rights, the Chinese people have always combined the universality prin-

Testative Discussion on how to be an Eligible Interpreter--Based on the People’s Republic of China of the National People’s Congress and Committee of the People’s Political Consultative Conference from 2012 to 2014

In recent years,with the rapid development of the Chinese economy,the“two sessions”in March of every year which sponsored by the ministry of foreign affairs attract more and more journalists from all over the world.The press conference in the“two sessions”likes an important window to show China’s policies and claims to the world.Meanwhile,the premier who answers questions in the press conference,respectively,shows the world the eloquence and polite manners of China’s premier,such as Premier Wen Jiabao and Premier Li Keqiang.Their astute response,excellent,and emotional expression makes a deep impression on audiences.Moreover,as a bridge between the speaker and the listeners,the interpretation once is incorrect will cause some mistakes even conflicts.Therefore,the interpreter plays a most important role in the press conference.How to improve the interpretation level in the press conference is a significant topic.The thesis mainly introduces the content of press conference interpreting from 2012 to 2014.At present,the practical study of press conference interpretation is far from enough.The last part gives the summary of the study and points out the main findings for the further study.

China Passed the 3^(rd) Transitional Review of WTO/TBT Committee Successfully

At the 35th WTO/TBT regular meeting closed on November 4, China passed the 3rd transitional review of WTO/TBT committee successfully. It is an agenda of the 35th regular meeting that re viewing China’s implementation of WTO/TBT agree ment.China delegation, consisting of representatives form Commerce Department, General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of China (AQSIQ), Certification and Accreditation Ad ministration of China (CNCA) and Standardization Administration of China (SAC), attended the confer ence in WTO headquarters in Geneva,Swiss on November 1st to 5th.

Three National Standardizetion Technical Committees Authorized By SAC

In December, 2004, the Standardization Administration of China (SAC) has approved the establishments of three National Standardization Technical Committees. They are the National Standardization Technical Committees for Environmental Protection Products (SAC/TC275), for Safety Management of Agricultural Transgenic Biology (SAC/TC276) and for Testing of New Varieties of Plant (SAC/TC277).The National Standardization Technical Committee for Environmental Protection Products is responsible for the development and revision of national standards in the following fields:

INTERNATIONAL DEPARTMENT OF CPC CENTRAL COMMITTEE HOLDS THEMATIC BRIEFING ON SPIRIT OF 19TH CPC NATIONAL CONGRESS FOR FOREIGN DIPLOMATIC ENVOYS

On 1st Nov.2017 the International Department of CPC Central Committee held a thematic briefing on interpreting the spirit of the19th CPC National Congress for foreign senior diplomats in China,and representatives from transnational chambers of commerce and enterprises.Over 260senior diplomats from over 150 countries including more than 90

Tibet:14 Years of Brilliant, Extraor Achievements——An interview with Raidi, vice-chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress

Tremendous changes have takenplace in Tibet under the state policy of reform andopening up to the outside world, especially over thepast 14 years since the Fourth Plenary Session of the13th Central Committee of the Chinese CommunistParty. Unprecedented are the development of the localeconomy, and so are the changes in the outlook ofcities and countryside in the region, and life of ethnicTibetan has kept improving.Raidi, vice-chairman of the Standing Committee ofthe National People's Congress (NPC), is a mostqualified eyewitness to these changes. He was born intoa serf's family before the Democratic Reform in thelate 1950s, and had worked on various leading posts inTibet before he was elected to NPC, China's highestlegislature. In July 1990, Jiang Zemin, then generalsecretary of the CPC Central Committee, cited Raidi asan example when speaking on the question of humanrights during an inspection tour of Lhasa. Said he,'What do human rights mean? Comrade Raidi, aformer serf, now works as the second most seniormember of the Chinese Communist Party Committee ofTibet Autonomous Region, his experiences bring outthe meaning of human rights. Aren't we justified topublicize that?'Following is a slightly abridged text of an interviewgiven by Raidi to our staff reporter on the eve of theNew Year's day, in which he talked about theachievements Tibet has made over the past 14 yearsand the Party's policy in Tibet.

Village Inspiration A CPPCC National Committee member turns the fortunes of an impoverished village around with determination and innovation

On entering the mountainous vii lage of Yanbo in southwest China＇s Guizhou Province. the first thing noticeable is the flat roads and rows of new houses with cars parked in front of them. Against the hillside behind ihe houses are several bustling village run enterprises, including a distillery and poultry farms.

An Analysis of the French Rassemblement National Transitions and Their Repercussions

One of the most influential European far-right political parties,the French National Front(FN),~1 changed its name to Rassemblement National in June 2018. In fact, this was an important component of the transitional policies of the FN after the ascension of Marine Le Pen to the presidency of the party in 2011. Facing a sluggish recovery after the European Sovereign Debt Crisis, in addition to other complicated domestic problems, Marine Le Pen proposed a series of policies and tactics including anti-integration, anti-Islamism, de-demonization and networked practice. The National Front sprang to prominence during the 2017 French presidential election, and had a negative impact on the French and European political ecology. Although there is little likelihood that the National Front will advance any further in the immediate future, in the long run the increasing influence of the European populist parties seems to be irrefutable.

Epidemiologic Transition and Heart Failure in Black African Adults

The objective of this study is to report clinical, electrocardiographic, and echocardiographic data on heart failure for the evaluation of its cardiovascular risk factors and causes at the Institute of Cardiology of Abidjan and the National Police Hospital. Patients and Methods: The 12-month prospective study included 989 patients who were diagnosed with heart failure at the Institute of Cardiology of Abidjan and the Heart Department of the National Police Hospital in Cote d’Ivoire. Results: The mean age of the patients was 55 ± 12 years. Patients ≤ 50 years, aged 50 and 70 years, and ≥ 70 years were 42%, 60%, and 18%, respectively. The major cardiovascular risk factors were high blood pression (60%), smoking (19%), type 2 diabetes (11%), and hypercholesterolemia (8%). The status of 11% of HIV positive patients were ignored upon admission to the Heart Hospitals. Severe kidney failure (25%) was found in all hypertensive patients. Atrial fibrillation patients and sinus rhythm subjects were 20% and 80%, respectively. The average duration of QRS was 102 ± 24 ms. 20% of patients had a complete left bundle branch block. The mean of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was 35.8% ± 13%. The LVEF was? ≤ 45% in 57% of cases and ≤ 30% in 30% of cases. The identified causes of heart failure were ischemic heart disease (60%), hypertensive heart disease (20%), and rheumatic valvulopathy (12%). Among the patients with ischemic heart disease, 80% were infarction. The coronarography and the myocardial revascularization were performed in 50% of cases. The primitive cardiomyopathy was diagnosed in 15% of cases. The average follow-up was 12.6 ± 8 months. 18% of patients died, 14% of whom deceased within 1 year after the initial diagnosis and 5% of death occurred in 19 months following the first symptoms of heart failure. The end stage of heart failure (13%) was the most frequent cause of death followed by the sudden death (5%) and the terminal kidney failure (2%). The patients were rehospitalized for heart failure (28 cases) and for ischemic stroke during the follow-up. The functional New York Heart Association score of patients was II in 39%, III in 43%, and IV in 18% at 1 month after admission.Conclusion: The heart failure is a major public health issue in Cote d’Ivoire as in many other African countries. The prevalence of ischemic heart disease as the leading cause of heart failure is certainly the reflection of the epidemiologic transition and the advent of the coronarography in the technical platform of the Abidjan Institute of Cardiology. The rapid evolution of the epidemiologic pattern of the heart failure in association with the increasing frequency of cardiovascular risk factors should contribute to implement study and prevention strategies against cardiovascular diseases in Cote d’Ivoire and in Africa.

Legislative Work of the National People's Congress and Its Standing Committee over 40 Years of Reform and Opening Up

The legislative achievements of the National People’s Congress (NPC) and its Standing Committee can be enumerated at great length, yet their most substantial part has been to form and continuously improve the socialist legal system with Chinese characteristics, which has provided legal guarantees for reform and opening up, and socialist modernization.

Decision of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress Regarding the Severe Punishment of Criminals Who Abduct and Traffic in or Kidnap Women or Children

With a view to severely punishing criminals who abduct and traffic in or kidnap women or children so as to protect the personal safety of women and children and maintain the public security order, the relevant provisions of the Criminal Law are supplemented or amended as follows: 1. Whoever abducts and traffics in a woman or a child shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than five years and not more than ten years, and shall concurrently be punished with a

Congratulations from Prof.Han Qi-de,Vice-Chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress,Chairman of China Association for Science and Technology

It is of my great pleasure to learn that the Third World Integrative Medicine Congress is about to be held in Guangzhou. rm writing to express my highest congratulations to the successful opening of the congress, as well as my cordial welcome to the experts and scholars around the world.

CPC Central Committee and State Council Release Several Opinions Concerning Establishing National Land and Spatial Planning System and Related Implementation Supervision

On May 9,2019,the CPC Central Committee and the State Council released Several Opinions Concerning Establishing National Land and Spatial Planning System and Related Implementation Supervision(shortened into the Opinions in the following part).National land and spatial planning is considered as a guidance for national spatial development,a spatial blueprint for sustainable development,as well as a fundamental basis for various development,protection,and construction activities.

People-to-People Friendship: Everlasting and Renewal——Highlights of a good-will visit to India, Sri Lanka, Thailand by Han Qide, Vice Chairman of the 12th National Committee of the CPPCC and President of the CPAPD

At the beginning of the new year2018 on the occasion of early Spring and late Winter,at the invitation of the All India Peace and Solidarity Organization,Pathfinder Foundation of Sri Lanka and National Legislative Assembly of Thailand.Han Qide,Vice Chairman of the12th National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference(CPPCC)and President of