非暴力沟通联合think-pair-share模式培训在普外科护士在职培训中的应用研究

目的:探讨非暴力沟通联合think-pair-share(TPS)模式培训在普外科护士在职培训中的应用效果。方法:2020年10月至2021年10月选取本院普外科的4个护理单元,通过随机抽签法分为试验组和对照组,试验组参加非暴力沟通联合TPS模式培训,对照组参与常规非暴力沟通培训。对比两组护士临床沟通能力、患者满意度以及教学满意度的差异。结果:试验组护士临床沟通能力、患者满意度、教学满意度调查结果均优于对照组(P<0.001)。结论:非暴力沟通联合TPS模式培训在普外科护士在职培训中能提高普外科护士的护患沟通能力,提升其岗位胜任力。

以“think aloud”为核心的教学方法在临床思维能力培养中的应用

目的:评估以“think aloud”为核心的教学方法在临床思维培养中的应用效果。方法:选取2021年1月至2022年1月在浙江大学医学院附属第二医院神经内科实习的166名医学生为研究对象。将其随机分为两组,试验组86名,其中临床医学专业实习生44名,麻醉、检验、针灸推拿专业等非临床医学专业实习生42名;对照组80名,其中临床医学专业实习生40名,麻醉、检验、针灸推拿专业等非临床医学专业实习生40名。试验组采用以“think aloud”为核心的教学方法,对照组采用传统讲授教学法,比较两组实习生的病例分析题考核成绩和教学满意度。结果:两组实习生的考核成绩没有统计学差异(P>0.05)。试验组临床医学专业实习生与对照组临床医学专业实习生的考核成绩没有统计学差异(P>0.05),但试验组非临床医学专业实习生的考核成绩显著优于对照组非临床医学专业实习生(P<0.05)。结论:以“think aloud”为核心的教学方法,有利于学生临床思维能力的培养,尤其对于基础薄弱的医学实习生。

Seasonal increase in nest defense,but not egg rejection,in a cuckoo host

The interactions between avian brood parasites and their hosts provide an informative and easy-to-handle system for studying coevolution.Avian brood parasitism reduces the reproductive success of hosts,and thus,hosts have evolved anti-parasitic strategies,such as rejecting parasitic eggs and adopting aggressive nest defense strategies,to avoid the cost brought on by brood parasitism.To test whether host anti-parasitic strategies are adjusted with the risk of being parasitized when the breeding seasons of brood parasites and hosts are not synchronous,we conducted a field experiment assessing nest defense and egg recognition behaviors of the Isabelline Shrike(Lanius isabellinus),a host of the Common Cuckoo(Cuculus canorus).In the local area,the host Isabelline Shrike begins to breed in April,whereas the summer migratory Common Cuckoo migrates to the local area in May and begins to lay parasitic eggs.Results showed that nest defense behaviors of the Isabelline Shrike increases significantly after cuckoo arrival,showing higher aggressiveness to cuckoo dummies,with no significant difference in attack rates among cuckoo,sparrowhawk and dove dummies,but their egg rejection did not change significantly.These results imply that Isabelline Shrikes may adjust their nest defense behavior,but not egg rejection behavior,with seasonality.

以色彩为媒介的Design Thinking在艺术设计中的创新实践

色彩作为Design Thinking中的重要媒介,在艺术设计创新实践中具有重要潜力。本文探讨了以色彩为媒介的Design Thinking在艺术设计创新实践中的应用。色彩不仅在Design Thinking中占据重要地位,而且对人类的情绪和行为产生影响,同时在设计中起着至关重要的作用。将Design Thinking引入艺术实践领域,旨在培养艺术创新思维和问题解决能力,强调创新实践和跨学科合作。职业院校在艺术设计创新实践中面临着诸多挑战,但也存在机遇。通过案例分析,本文展示了如何实施基于色彩的Design Thinking艺术设计实践以及这种创新对艺术创新能力的积极影响。

基于“Design Thinking”理念的职业院校创新创业人才培养模式

随着我国经济不断发展和社会进步,创新创业已经成为推动经济增长的关键驱动力,在2015年全国人民代表大会上,李克强总理将“大众创业、万众创新”明确列为我国经济增长的“双引擎”之一,彰显了创新创业对于推动社会发展的重要地位。为响应国家政策,各高校积极开展创新创业教育,将其纳入高等教育综合改革的重要议程,成为培养未来人才的重要途径。本文分析了“Design Thinking”理念下职业院校创新创业人才培养的必要性,围绕新时期专业院校创新创业人才培养的要求,提出了基于“Design Thinking”理念的职业院校创新创业人才培养模式的有效策略,为职业院校人才培养效率的强化提供了参考性意见。

Recognition and rejection of foreign eggs of different colors in Barn Swallows

Brood parasitic birds lay eggs in the nests of other birds,and the parasitized hosts can reduce the cost of raising unrelated offspring through the recognition of parasitic eggs.Hosts can adopt vision-based cognitive mechanisms to recognize foreign eggs by comparing the colors of foreign and host eggs.However,there is currently no uniform conclusion as to whether this comparison involves the single or multiple threshold decision rules.In this study,we tested both hypotheses by adding model eggs of different colors to the nests of Barn Swallows(Hirundo rustica)of two geographical populations breeding in Hainan and Heilongjiang Provinces in China.Results showed that Barn Swallows rejected more white model eggs(moderate mimetic to their own eggs)and blue model eggs(highly non-mimetic eggs with shorter reflectance spectrum)than red model eggs(highly nonmimetic eggs with longer reflectance spectrum).There was no difference in the rejection rate of model eggs between the two populations of Barn Swallows,and clutch size was not a factor affecting egg recognition.Our results are consistent with the single rejection threshold model.This study provides strong experimental evidence that the color of model eggs can has an important effect on egg recognition in Barn Swallows,opening up new avenues to uncover the evolution of cuckoo egg mimicry and explore the cognitive mechanisms underlying the visual recognition of foreign eggs by hosts.

The Effects of Disruptive Thinking on the Food Industry*

This study aimed to understand disruptive thinking and how its ideas can change the food industry. This was achieved by identifying, studying, and understanding the impacts, current trends, and different disruptive ideas and innovations emerging in the food industry. The study was conducted through interpretive research philosophy by carrying out secondary data collection processes, where both qualitative and quantitative information was presented. Deductive approaches were also selected to apply existing theories and models, which were used to construct research hypotheses and present detailed findings. The study finds that, with disruptive thinking, enhancements in the product life cycle, new flavors, and improvements in food packaging have been possible. The supply chain, which is always considered a complex part of the food industry, has been streamlined, offering greater transparency and real-time tracking and improving quality control across distribution systems.

Exploring Critical Thinking Dispositions among Fourth Year BSc Nursing Students of Various Colleges of Nursing, Pakistan

Background: Critical Thinking (CT) dispositions in nursing are prominent predictors of competence in delivering high-quality care, and of professionalism, in newly graduated nurses. CT skills, in isolation of CT dispositions, do not guarantee success in the workplace, because Critical Thinking Dispositions (CTD) are important elements of intellectual reasoning that simulate a person towards using the CT skills. Therefore, nursing educational programs should promote lifelong learning rather than focusing on transferring the content of nursing knowledge only. And for this purpose, quality education is the key. Education should focus on teaching from diverse perspectives, incorporating various teaching learning strategies that are congruent with the modern era. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore critical thinking dispositions among final year Baccalaureate Nursing students of various military colleges of nursing, in Pakistan. Methodology: A descriptive qualitative exploratory study design was used to investigate the CTD of BSc final year nursing students. The study population included twelve willing nursing students, from six military colleges across the country. Demographic information and consent was taken from the participants of the study. In-depth interviews, through a semi structured interview guide, and probes were used to obtain data related to personal experiences of CTD amongst the nursing students. Results: Data analysis showed two broad themes: 1) Perceptions of CT, and 2) Experiences of CT dispositions. In theme one, the emerging category was: Clarity of CT;whereas in theme two, the categories that emerged were: a) Truth Seeking, b) Open Mindedness, c) Inquisitiveness, and d) Self Organization. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed positive dispositions towards truth seeking, open mindedness, and self-organization, whereas disposition towards inquisitiveness was weak. Self-confidence and maturity also emerged as positive factors that the students possessed. This study recommends that faculty and learners should extend their concept of CTD, and emphasizes its application in daily routine. Additionally, faculty should modify their instructional strategies and focus on the cultivation of dispositions of inquisitiveness, curiosity, and allow questioning by students in the class.

To analyze the differentially expressed genes in chronic rejection after renal transplantation by bioinformatics

Objective: To use bioinformatics technology to analyse differentially expressed genes in chronic rejection after renal transplantation, we can screen out potential pathogenic targets associated with the development of this disease, providing a theoretical basis for finding new therapeutic targets. Methods: Gene microarray data were downloaded from the Gene Expression Profiling Integrated Database (GEO) and cross-calculated to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with gene ontology (GO) is a method used to study the differences in gene expression under different conditions as well as their functions and interrelationships, while Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis is a tool used to explore the functions and pathways of genes in specific biological processes. By calculating the distribution of immune cell infiltration, the result of immune infiltration in the rejection group can be analysed as a trait in Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis (WGCNA) for genes associated with rejection. Then, protein-protein interaction networks (PPI) were constructed using the STRING database and Cytoscape software to identify hub gene markers. Results: A total of 60 integrated DEGs were obtained from 3 datasets (GSE7392, GSE181757, GSE222889). By GO and KEGG analysis, the GEDs were mainly concentrated in the regulation of immune response, defence response, regulation of immune system processes, and stimulation response. The pathways were mainly enriched in antigen processing and presentation, EBV infection, graft-versus-host, allograft rejection, and natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity. After further screening using WGCNA and PPI networks, HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-F, and TYROBP were identified as hub genes (Hub genes). The data GSE21374 with clinical information was selected to construct the diagnostic efficacy and risk prediction model plots of the four hub genes, and the results concluded that all four Hub genes had good diagnostic value (area under the curve in the range of 0.794-0.819). From the inference, it can be concluded that the four genes, HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-F and TYROBP, may have an important role in the development and progression of chronic rejection after renal transplantation. Conclusion: DEGs play an important role in the study of the pathogenesis of chronic rejection after renal transplantation, and can provide theoretical support for further research on the pathogenesis of chronic rejection after renal transplantation and the discovery of new therapeutic targets through enrichment analysis and pivotal gene screening, as well as inferential analyses of related diagnostic efficacy and disease risk prediction.

Disturbances rejection optimization based on improved two-degree-of-freedom LADRC for permanent magnet synchronous motor systems

Permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)speed control systems with conventional linear active disturbance rejection control(CLADRC)strategy encounter issues regarding the coupling between dynamic response and disturbance suppression and have poor performance in suppressing complex nonlinear disturbances.In order to address these issues,this paper proposes an improved two-degree-of-freedom LADRC(TDOF-LADRC)strategy,which can enhance the disturbance rejection performance of the system while decoupling entirely the system's dynamic and anti-disturbance performance to boost the system robustness and simplify controller parameter tuning.PMSM models that consider total disturbances are developed to design the TDOF-LADRC speed controller accurately.Moreover,to evaluate the control performance of the TDOF-LADRC strategy,its stability is proven,and the influence of each controller parameter on the system control performance is analyzed.Based on it,a comparison is made between the disturbance observation ability and anti-disturbance performance of TDOF-LADRC and CLADRC to prove the superiority of TDOF-LADRC in rejecting disturbances.Finally,experiments are performed on a 750 W PMSM experimental platform,and the results demonstrate that the proposed TDOF-LADRC exhibits the properties of two degrees of freedom and improves the disturbance rejection performance of the PMSM system.

Applying Design Thinking in Ecotourism Curriculum Design: The Educational Design Ladder

The design thinking approach transforms student’s learning process to connect with real-world experience, making connections between knowledge and improving critical thinking and problem-solving capability. Previous research has focused on what design thinking is taught (content) and how it is taught (learning modes and assessment). However, there needs to be an integrative approach in the context of ecotourism education. Therefore, applying Wrigley and Straker’s Educational Design Ladder mode, this study develops an Ecotourism Design Thinking Curriculum framework to combine the ecotourism content, teaching/learning mode and assessment.

Impact of COVID-19 on liver transplant recipients: A nationwide cohort study evaluating hospitalization, transplant rejection, and inpatient mortality

BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has posed a major public health concern worldwide.Patients with comorbid conditions are at risk of adverse outcomes following COVID-19.Solid organ transplant recipients with concurrent immunosuppression and comorbidities are more susceptible to a severe COVID-19 infection.It could lead to higher rates of inpatient complications and mortality in this patient population.However,studies on COVID-19 outcomes in liver transplant(LT)recipients have yielded inconsistent findings.AIM To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital-related outcomes among LT recipients in the United States.METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the 2019–2020 National Inpatient Sample database.Patients with primary LT hospitalizations and a secondary COVID-19 diagnosis were identified using the International Classi-fication of Diseases,Tenth Revision coding system.The primary outcomes included trends in LT hospitalizations before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.Secondary outcomes included comparative trends in inpatient mortality and transplant rejection in LT recipients.RESULTS A total of 15720 hospitalized LT recipients were included.Approximately 0.8% of patients had a secondary diagnosis of COVID-19 infection.In both cohorts,the median admission age was 57 years.The linear trends for LT hospitalizations did not differ significantly before and during the pandemic(P=0.84).The frequency of in-hospital mortality for LT recipients increased from 1.7% to 4.4% between January 2019 and December 2020.Compared to the pre-pandemic period,a higher association was noted between LT recipients and in-hospital mortality during the pandemic,with an odds ratio(OR)of 1.69[95% confidence interval(CI):1.55-1.84),P<0.001].The frequency of transplant rejections among hospitalized LT recipients increased from 0.2%to 3.6% between January 2019 and December 2020.LT hospitalizations during the COVID-19 pandemic had a higher association with transplant rejection than before the pandemic[OR:1.53(95%CI:1.26-1.85),P<0.001].CONCLUSION The hospitalization rates for LT recipients were comparable before and during the pandemic.Inpatient mortality and transplant rejection rates for hospitalized LT recipients were increased during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Temperature Control of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell Based on Linear Active Disturbance Rejection Control

The performance of proton exchange membrane fuel cells is very sensitive to temperature. The electrochemical reaction results directly in temperature variations in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Ensuring effective temperature control is crucial to ensure fuel cell reliability and durability. This paper uses active disturbance rejection control in the thermal management system to maintain the operating temperature and the stack inlet and outlet temperature difference at the set value. First, key cooling system modules such as expansion tanks, coolant circulation pumps and radiators based on Simulink were built. Then, physical modeling and simulation of the fuel cell cooling system was carried out. In order to ensure the effectiveness of the control strategy and reduce the parameter tuning workload, an active disturbance rejection control parameter optimization method using an elite genetic algorithm was proposed. When the optimized control strategy responds to input disturbances, the maximum overshoot of the system is only 1.23% and can reach stability again in 30 s, so the fuel cell temperature can be controlled effectively. Simulation results show that the optimized control strategy can effectively control the stack temperature and coolant temperature difference under the influence of stepped charging current without interference or with interference, and has strong robustness and anti-interference capability.

Cultivate Critical Thinking Ability via Students’ Presentations in College English Classes

In the new era when demands for flexible intellectual skills are increasing,strengthening the cultivation of critical thinking ability of students has become one of the key purposes of higher education.This paper intends to discuss how to cultivate students’critical thinking ability through English classroom presentations.It points out that during the whole process,teachers’guidance plays an indispensable role.Only when both teachers and students are aware that classroom presentations are a golden opportunity for the cultivation of students’critical thinking ability and carry this awareness into their English classes,can English presentations be brought into full play.

Reexamining Positivity of Thinking in Waiting for Godot Through Camus’s Absurdism

Absurdity originated from French existentialism,and Martin Esslin,in categorizing Waiting for Godot as a theater of the absurd,ignores the positive aspects of Camus’s absurdism and regards that as an existential tragedy of mankind.However,the author Samuel Beckett himself did not approve of such a definition,believing that Esslin’s definition of theater of the absurd was too judgmental and pessimistic.Through the imagery of boots,ropes,hats and baggage in Waiting for Godot,Beckett reveals the rootlessness,constraint and agony of the minds of people born into absurdity in the early 20th century.The luck of Lucky is Beckett’s use of irony:people who have lost the ability to think for themselves escape the absurdity and dystopia of life and descend to slaves.Gogo and Didi,who are waiting and expecting,and thinking in the midst of absurdity,represent“Godot”,the symbol of hope.Their endurance in waiting,akin to Camus’s Sisyphus,underscores a form of existential defiance that challenges the notion of absolute pessimism in absurdist literature.

Thinking on Improving Presentation Teaching-Based on the Empirical Analysis of Presentation in College English Classes of Junior Non-English Majors in Universities of Science and Engineering

Based on the empirical investigation of presentation in college English classes for junior non-English majors in science and engineering universities,the author explains her own thinking on how to improve presentation teaching from four aspects:setting teaching objectives,selecting teaching contents,using teaching methods,and evaluating and implementing methods.

English-Chinese Translation of Science and Technology Texts Based on the Differences Between Chinese and Western Modes of Thinking

As a tool for human communication,the use of language is affected by the way of thinking in cross-cultural communication.Due to the differences between Chinese and Western cultures,the way of thinking varies under the influence of such cultural differences.In the process of translation,the influence of the different thinking mode on translation activities cannot be ignored.At present,a lot of studies and researches have focused on the influence of Chinese and Western thinking mode on translation.However,it is still worthwhile to study what specific influence the difference between Chinese and Western thinking mode will exert on the translation process of science texts and what kind of measure should be taken to solve the negative influence brought by the differences when we are translating.This paper aims to discuss the influence of thinking differences between Chinese and Western countries on the process of English-Chinese translation of science and technology from the perspectives of long sentences,passive voice and nominalization,and how the translators should appropriately adjust their thinking pattern and use reasonable skills to eliminate the potential negative interference caused by the difference and achieve a better transformation between English and Chinese.

On the Teaching Design of Graduates’EAP Course:Enhancing Language Proficiency and Critical Thinking Skills

This paper explores the integration of the bridge-in,objectives,pre-assessment,participatory activities,post-assessment and summary(BOPPPS)teaching model within the context of the post-graduates Academic English course.It discusses how this structured approach can effectively enhance students’language proficiency,foster critical thinking skills,and align with the multifaceted objectives of advanced English language education.The study provides a detailed examination of each BOPPPS component as applied to the post-graduates Academic English curriculum,supported by theoretical underpinnings and practical implications.

The Research on Cross-Cultural Critical Thinking in English Teaching: A Pedagogical Paradigm Within the Ideological and Political Course Framework

The conflation of linguistic competencies with ideological and political educational paradigms presents unique opportunities and challenges for English language teaching(ELT)in our increasingly interconnected world.This research seeks to address the role of cross-cultural critical thinking within the landscape of English pedagogy,framed by the imperatives of ideological and political education.Employing a multi-method approach,including thematic content analysis and action research,the study proposes a pedagogical model designed to integrate transcultural discourse and ideologically reflective practices into the conventional ELT curriculum.This paper argues for a reimagined approach to teaching English that encourages students to engage with diverse cultural perspectives and develop a nuanced understanding of global issues.

Improving the Selection Model of Essential Medicines in China by Evidence-based Thinking

Objective To sort out the problems in the selection model of essential medicines in China,and to put forward some suggestions to optimize the selection model to ensure the rationality of the medicines in the essential medicines list.Methods The domestic and foreign literature on the selection of essential medicines was reviewed.Then,the opinions on the selection methods and results of essential medicines from foreign literature were investigated to make a comparison with the selection of essential medicines in China.Finally,the general and special laws of the selection process of the essential medicines were explored.Results and Conclusion It is recommended that the selection model of essential medicines in China should be further optimized,and the evidence-based thinking and methods should be utilized to enhance the scientific nature of the selection process.