An Analysis of Donald Trump's Political Personality Traits and Policy Orientations

As a political leader, US President Trump's personality traits affect his policy orientations and current US foreign policy. The authors analyze Trump's personality in several categories—uninhibited and capricious, dynamic and capable, profit-orientated and self-centered,competitive and persistent, positive and extraverted. The traits of breaking traditions, skill at strategic deception and negotiation, action-motivated implementation, intuitive decision-making, pursuit of respect and interest exchange, and vengefulness will shape his policy and behavioral orientations. Initial study shows Trump to be a political leader with positive personality traits and double-sided dimensions. The analysis offers insight toward understanding the new US executive and his policy direction.

Biological traits and life history of Pagiophloeus tsushimanus(Coleoptera:Curculionidae),a weevil pest on camphor trees in China

Cinnamomum camphora(L.)J.Presl.(Laurales:Lauraceae)is widely cultivated as an important landscape tree species in many urban areas in South China,especially in Shanghai City.Pagiophloeus tsushimanus Morimoto has become a destructive insect pest of C.camphora plantations in Shanghai,but the biological and ecological traits of this pest remain largely unknown.In this study,we investigated the damage and life history and determined the larval instar of P.tsushimanus.The results indicated that P.tsushimanus is a monophagous weevil pest,and C.camphora is the unique host tree species.C.camphora plantations in all administrative districts of Shanghai have been seriously damaged by P.tsushimanus.Adults often aggregate for feeding on the tender bark of twigs and occasionally on newly emerged buds.After experiencing damage,the twigs shrink and crack and the buds will shrink.Adults tend to repeatedly mate and oviposit,and all females lay single eggs at a time.Eggs will be covered with a mixture of secretions and wood chips by female adults.Larvae(1 st-2 nd instar)feed on the phloem,while 3 rd-5 th instar can bore into the phloem and the cambium.Massive tunnels,including three shapes(inverted"L",inverted"T",and inverted"Z"),were observed in the trunk of each tree,and resulted in swelling of the outer bark.P.tsushimanus has one life cycle per year in Shanghai.Both adults and larvae(3 rd-5 th instar)overwinter from early November to early April.Adults overwinter in grooves on the underside of branches or at branch nodes,and larvae overwinter in tunnels.Five larval instars of P.tsushimanus were determined according to Dyar’s and Crosby’s rules.The biological traits and life history of P.tsushimanus have been identified and can provide guidance in terms of pest control and plantation management.

The Research On Competitive Cognitive Trait Anxiety Of China＇s Young Female Volleyball Athletes

This paper makes a research on competitive cognitive trait anxiety of China＇s female volleyball reserve athletes using the Psychological Measurement, studying the differences between different groups, sport time and sport grades. The results show that the Failure Anxiety of China＇s young women＇s volleyball athletes is less than that of the norm, while the other kinds of anxiety are more. The athletes whose sports time is more than seven years have a higher level of Injury Anxiety, so is the anxiety when preparing for matches of Three Stage Athletes than One Stage Athletes and Two Stage Athletes. In comparison with Level Two Stage Athletes and Level Three Stage Athletes, Level One Stage Athletes＇ ability anxiety is higher. The anxiety of fonts＇ playing competitive level is more than setters. Based on different athletes, we should take different measures, in order to improve their psychological resilence through training and increase their tolerance when facing difficulty through matches.

Discourse Prosody Analysis of Donald Trump's Victory Speech Based on Appraisal Theory

Presidential victory speeches are intentionally employed to achieve certain communicative goals.Based on Appraisal Theory,this paper attempts to reveal evaluation features and to explore realizations and functions of prosodies in Trump’s victory speech.The research results prove that an appreciation of the functioning of discourse prosodies can better facilitate our understanding of the stances of writers or speakers.The present study contributes to specifying features of appraisal resources in presidential victory speeches and sheds light on the function of discourse prosodies.

On the Character Trait of Stephen Dedalus in A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man

A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is the first novel of stream of consciousness in western literature history, it mainly shows the protagonist, Stephen Dedalus' s journeys from childhood to adulthood. This paper aims at a better understanding of Stephen Dedalus, and it analyzes his character traits in literature analysis method, textual analysis method and Freud's theory of personality structure and is useful for further study.

32份板蓝根栽培种质在新疆产区的性状表现

【目的】研究不同板蓝根栽培种质在新疆产区的性状表现,筛选出适宜当地种植的板蓝根优良种质。【方法】收集全国板蓝根产区的32份板蓝根栽培种质,在新疆昌吉回族自治州玛纳斯县种植。以农艺性状和品质性状为指标,分析板蓝根种质在新疆的性状表现。【结果】多数板蓝根栽培种质角果呈浅褐色、倒披针形,长/宽比2.2~5.0,厚度1~3 mm,千粒重6~20 g;叶形多以椭圆型为主,叶缘形多以中、弱的强度为主,叶缘缺刻程度以浅、中为主,花青甙显色情况以4种程度(无、弱、中和强)分布较为均匀,叶长15~25 cm;根长35~45 cm;根粗1.5~2.5 cm。侧根数在4~6个;单根重大多集中在100~150 g,以XJ-1和XJ-2种质表现较佳。各种质间(R,S)-告依春含量存在显著差异,XJ-1和HN-1种质表现优异,侧根数与根长呈极显著负相关关系,与根粗之间呈极显著正相关关系。根重与根粗、侧根数之间呈极显著正相关关系。根粗与根长呈显著负相关关系。【结论】各板蓝根种质在新疆产区性状表现存在差异,HLJ-1在根长、叶长等农艺性状方面表现优异,XJ-1在根重和有效成分含量方面表现出相对优势。

新时代中小学名校长的特质及其培养路径

在新时代高质量教育体系建设的背景下,如何培养和造就名校长,如何让名校长传承教育家精神,如何让更多的名校长成就更多的名校已成为全社会日益关注的问题。通过对教育行政部门、名校长培养对象、学者三类主体对名校长特质的勾勒,进一步明确新时代名校长应具有思想力、变革力、辐射力的特质,新时代名校长的培养和成长应遵循的路径为:教育实践中注重对话反思,提升名校长的思想力;办学智慧具化为迭代行动,提升名校长的变革力;具身体验中思考教育公平,增强名校长的辐射力。

西洞庭湖洲滩植物物种与功能多样性空间分布特征及其相关性

洞庭湖是长江中下游重要的通江湖泊,具有调蓄洪水和维护周边湿地生态系统及生物多样性等生态功能。研究植物群落物种多样性与功能多样性在异质环境条件下的特征及其相关关系,对认识植物群落分布规律、保护修复生态系统结构和功能具有重要意义。以西洞庭湖沅江和澧水水流方向上的洲滩植物群落为研究对象,采集优势种并测定其根和叶的碳氮磷含量、叶面积和根长等8个功能性状来研究群落间物种多样性差异、水流方向上洲滩群落功能多样性差异、物种多样性和群落功能多样性的关系及多样性指数间的相关性。研究结果表明:(1)沿水流方向不同位置植物群落物种多样性有显著差异。其中,沅江和澧水的水流方向上入湖口物种丰富度均较低;在所有调查区域中,沅江中游洲滩植物群落物种丰富度、香农指数均较高,出湖口的物种多样性最低。(2)澧水上游洲滩植物群落的碳氮磷含量的群落加权平均值(community weighted-mean,CWM)和Rao二次熵指数较高;澧水中游植物群落所有性状的CWM值和Rao二次熵指数最低;沅江上游植物群落具有较高的叶性状值,优势种中一年生草本植物的快速生长策略可能贡献较高的叶性状值。(3)西洞庭湖洲滩植物群落物种多样性与CWM值具有显著相关性,根碳含量的CWM值与物种丰富度、香农指数呈负相关;水流方向上不同位置植物群落物种多样性与Rao二次熵指数没有相关性。研究结果说明,沅、澧两水及沿水流方向不同调查区域的水文地貌特征差异对洲滩湿地植物群落物种和功能多样性都有影响,但拥有更高物种多样性(优势种组成、丰富度等)的植物群落适应能力并不一定更强。此外,沿水流方向,湖泊洲滩植物群落的物种与功能多样性趋异。因此,在西洞庭湖洲滩植物群落的保护和修复工作中需要综合考虑更多因素(如土壤、地形等),以便更全面地了解其生态系统的复杂性和特殊性。

Isolation and characterization of Acidithiobacillus caldus from several typical environments in China

Six strains of moderately thermophilic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were isolated from several different typical environments in China. The identities of the isolates were confirmed by analyses of their 16S rRNA genes, and some key physiological traits. The isolates are Gram negative, rod-shaped bacteria, their optimal temperature and pH value for growth are 45-50℃ and 2.5-3.5 respectively. They are autotrophic and used elemental sulfur, sodium thiosulfate and potassium tetrathionate as electron donor, while a little glucose stimulated their growth. 16S rDNA sequences analysis reveals that the strains are phylogenetically clustered to Acidithiobacillus caldus.

S-3307对欧洲云杉扦插生根的效应

以采自6年生欧洲云杉采穗母株的插穗,研究了S-3307(稀效唑pentefezol)不同浓度和处理时间对欧洲云杉生根的影响。结果表明:S-3307在促进欧洲云杉生根中对插穗有杀菌防腐作用。不同激素种类处理对插穗生根率的影响存在极显著的差异,IBA和S-3307处理的插穗生根性状较好。S-3307不同时间处理和S-3307+IBA不同浓度处理对插穗生根率的影响存在极显著差异,选用浓度100 mg/L的S-3307处理2 h,生根率达到95%。S-3307不同浓度处理和高浓度速蘸对插穗生根率的影响差异不显著,(100+150)mg/L的S-3307+IBA处理1 h的生根率为90%,成活苗根系发达健壮。

The Breeding Ecology of a Critically Endangered Salamander,Hynobius amjiensis(Caudata：Hynobiidae),Endemic to Eastern China

Hynobius amjiensis is a critically endangered salamander species（IUCN Red List） endemic to eastern China. It currently has three known populations： one in Longwangshan, Zhejiang Province（type locality）, and two in Qingliangfeng between Anhui and Zhejiang Provinces. We examined the relatively unstudied breeding ecology of this species in the field and at laboratory from March 2007 to May 2014. Adult males and females were year-round terrestrial, except for the February–April breeding season. During this period, we captured only a total of 16 breeding adults（11 males and 5 females）. As few as 100 breeding females were estimated based on the number of egg sacs observed since 2007. This number was significantly reduced from the estimated number between 1992 and 1998. Males（mean total length = 16.21 cm, mean body mass = 18.8 g） were slightly smaller than females（16.51 cm, 19.2 g）. Size of breeding pools ranged from 0.2 m-2 to 1.2 m-2（0.1–1.2 m depths）. Each female deposits a pair of egg sacs by attaching the adhesive tips of the sacs to aquatic plants or dead twigs. Fifteen pairs of egg sacs had an average length of 28.6 cm and a diameter of 3.3 cm. On average, each egg sac contained 75 eggs with a diameter of 0.3 cm. Our field survey revealed that H. amjiensis used oviposition sites in small, cool, and weakly acidic pools at high elevations（1 300–1 600 m） where peat moss was abundant. Reduction in wetland size and disappearance of suitable breeding pools suggest that this salamander species is under threat of extinction, particularly at Longwangshan, where 5 of the 9 breeding pools have either dried up or disappeared. Combined size of the remaining 4 pools is less than 2 m-2. We urge immediate implementation of more effective conservation measures and suggest that preservation priority should be given to habitat that contains suitable breeding pools.

Resilience in the First Episode of Major Depressive Disorder

Aim: Resilience refers to the human ability to adapt to tragedy, trauma, adversity, and significant stressors. Recently, resilience has been defined as a potentially modifiable factor that can be improved through intervention. Here, we examined resilience during a 3-month period as patients experienced their first episode of major depressive disorder (MDD). We hypothesized that despite MDD, resilient people could recover from depressive states more quickly than less resilient people. Methods: Twelve patients experienced their first MDD episode and 21 healthy control individuals participated in the study. Data from the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D), S-H Resilience Scale (S-HRS), and State-Trait Anxiety Index (STAI) were collected at two time points. Time 1 was the first visit after registration and Time 2 was 12 weeks later. Based on the symptoms described by the HAM-D results, the MDD group was divided into MDD-remission and MDD-residual subgroups. Results: Compared with controls, patients showed significantly lower resilience (low scores for Factor-A, Factor-B, and total S-HRS). Moreover, total SHRS scores for the MDD-remission group increased significantly from the Time 1 to Time 2, while those in MDD-residual group did not change. No significant differences in STAI scores were observed between MDD-remission and MDD-residual groups at either time point. Conclusion: This is the first report to show that patients experiencing their first episode of MDD show low resilience, and that a resilience scale might be a good index for estimating recovery from depression.

甘肃板蓝根品质与产区气候因子相关性研究

目的探讨甘肃板蓝根品质与产区气候因子的相关性,为筛选板蓝根适宜种植区域提供参考依据。方法以甘肃36个产地的板蓝根药材样品为研究对象,以根长、主根直径、根干重及醇浸出物、(R,S)-告依春含量为品质评价参数,采用最大熵模型选取累计贡献率>95%的生态因子,并利用SPSS25.0统计软件对品质评价参数与气候因子进行Pearson相关性分析,寻找和揭示影响板蓝根品质的主导气候因子。结果影响板蓝根品质的关键气候因子为太阳辐射总量和降水量。结论本研究明确了影响板蓝根药材品质的主导气候因子,可为板蓝根的生态种植和品质提升提供依据。

甘蔗细茎野生种核心种质构建

以来自我国10个省(市)、自治区的540份甘蔗细茎野生种无性系为材料,根据采集地信息及其在20对SSR引物上的分子标记数据和15个表型性状资料,开展核心种质构建研究。不同取样量(5%、10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%和90%)分析表明,10%的取样比例可获得70%以上的变异保留比例,是较好的核心种质取样规模;对5种采集地分组取样策略(等量法、简单比例法、平方根比例法、对数比例法和多样性比例法)和2种无分组取样策略(最大变异保留法和随机抽样法)比较表明,简单比例法获得的核心种质代表性最好,为最优取样策略。最后,在简单比例法取样筛选出的54份核心样品中,又通过定向选择补充了6份具有优异表型性状的材料,构建了含60份无性系的甘蔗细茎野生种核心种质,分子和表型检验都表明本研究所构建的核心种质具有较好的代表性和遗传多样性。

少年犯人格的基本特征及其相关因素的研究

Objective: To explore the basic personality traits of juvenile criminals with respect to crime types, areas of residence, and structures of family. Methods: This study involved administering the “EPQ-C” and a self-designed questionnaire to 379 male juvenile criminals aged from 13 to 15 years. Results: As compared to the normal samples, the juvenile criminals obtained significantly higher scores on the dimensions of E and N, but lower scores on the dimension of L. The juvenile criminals committing different types of crime also differed significantly in their scores on the dimensions of P, L and N. Further, there were significantly different scores on the dimension of P and L between juvenile criminals living in urban and rural areas. Finally, scores on the dimension of N was found to be significantly different in juvenile criminals with single parents. Conclusion: The basic personality traits of the juvenile criminal are: extroversion, restless, hard to self-control, unsteady emotion, weak defensive mechanism, as well as comparatively low mental maturity and credulity. These personality traits are significantly linked with important factors of crime types, areas of residence and integrity of family.

从奥巴马到特朗普:美国科技创新政策特点和趋势分析

科技创新政策是对一系列旨在推动科技发展策略措施的统称,既为科技发展指明战略方向也规划出具体战术路径。通过对奥巴马政府科技创新政策的研究,总结出其在政策制定战略、政策战术选择、政策目标定位等方面的特点。特朗普政府颁布的2018财年预算蓝图,在一定程度上反映出新政府的科技发展规划,因此文章以其内容分析为基础,并通过与奥巴马时期进行比较,分析出特朗普时代美国科技创新政策呈现出的新特点和新趋势。

“特朗普特质”与中美关系前景初探

本文认为所谓"特朗普特质",包含三个方面:商人思维、"政治素人"、及其个人的性格特点。"特朗普特质"有可能导致的对外政策风格为:积极追求实利并以"宗教感"进行自我弥补;技术、技巧相对粗糙生硬但是结果导向;倾向双边主义,实施精确管理;因为过于主观或主动而影响互动节奏、增加额外风险。基于"特朗普特质"的分析,特朗普任期内的中美关系有可能表现为:利益主导;经贸关系议题凸显;双方的政策选择空间变窄;双方政策的实际效果有所强化;"戏剧化现象",等等。

5个地区长肋日月贝形态性状对主要经济性状的相关性和通径分析

为了筛选出影响长肋日月贝(Amusium pleuronectes)经济性状的形态指标,对人工选育提供参考。本研究以广西北海、海南儋州、海南三亚、海南陵水和海南琼海5个地区的野生长肋日月贝为研究对象,分别测定其4个形态性状(壳长、壳高、壳宽、绞合线长)和4个经济性状(湿重、软体重、性腺重、闭壳肌重),经多元统计分析获得影响长肋日月贝主要经济性状的形态性状,再通过聚类分析探讨5个地区长肋日月贝的分类关系。结果显示,不同地区影响其经济性状的形态性状有所不同,其中,直接影响其湿重作用最大的性状是海南儋州、海南陵水和海南琼海的壳高,广西北海的壳长以及海南三亚的壳宽;直接影响其软体重作用最大的是海南儋州、海南陵水和海南琼海的壳高,广西北海的壳宽以及海南三亚的壳长;直接影响其性腺重作用最大的是海南儋州和海南三亚的壳高,广西北海的壳宽,海南陵水的绞合线长以及海南琼海的壳长;直接影响其闭壳肌重作用最大的是海南儋州、海南陵水和海南琼海的壳高,广西北海的壳宽以及海南三亚的壳长。研究表明,剔除对主要经济性状影响不显著的形态性状后,不同地区被保留形态性状与对应湿重、软体重、闭壳肌重的复相关系数较大,可以认为是影响其经济性状的主要自变量。聚类分析结果显示,地理位置越近,形态相似度越高。因此,在进行人工选育时,应针对不同地区做相应统计分析,以便选出最佳的形态性状,从而有助于提高育种效率。

甘蓝型油菜品质性状相关分析及F_2品质预测

对5个甘蓝型油菜细胞质雄性不育系与33个不同来源的恢复系材料以NCII法配制的165个杂交组合F2代的品质性状、配合力、杂种优势进行了分析。结果表明:F2代各品质性状、配合力、杂种优势之间都具有显著或极显著的正相关关系。杂优利用是油菜品质改良的有效方式,父母本品质及配合力决定了杂优利用效果,而父母本品质配合力之和可以用来预测F2代的品质和进行亲本的选配。

江西景德镇地区汉族7项不对称行为特征的研究

对江西景德镇地区381例(男226例,女155例)汉族学生扣手、利手、交叉臂、交叉腿、利足、起步类型和优势眼7项不对称行为特征进行了调查,结果表明:(1)景德镇汉族7项不对称行为特征中,男女合计右型出现率均高于左型出现率,仅利手存在性别间统计学显著差异;(2)同国内族群相比,7项不对称行为特征出现率更接近于南亚类型;(3)除优势眼、交叉臂外,其他5项间存在两两相关关系,部分指标相关极显著,大部分特征右型-右型组合(R-R型)出现率高于左型-左型组合(L-L型)出现率.