The energizing of large power transformers has long been considered a critical event in the operation of an electric power system. When a transformer is energized by the utility, a typical inrush current could be as h...The energizing of large power transformers has long been considered a critical event in the operation of an electric power system. When a transformer is energized by the utility, a typical inrush current could be as high as ten times its rated current. This could cause many problems from mechanical stress on transformer windings to harmonics injection, and system protection malfunction. There have been numerous researches focusing on calculation and mitigation of the transformer inrush current. With the development of smart grid, distributed generation from independent power producers (IPPs) is growing rapidly. This paper investigates the inrush current due to black start of an IPP system with several parallel transformers, through a simulation model in DIgSILENT Power Factory software. The study demonstrates that a single genset is capable of energizing a group of transformers since the overall inrush current is slightly above the inrush of the transformer directly connected to the generator. In addition, a simple method is proposed to mitigate the inrush current of the transformers using an auxiliary transformer.展开更多
This paper explores the pathways through which artificial intelligence(AI)enhances new quality productivity in new liberal arts education.By analyzing the role of AI in personalized learning,interdisciplinary integrat...This paper explores the pathways through which artificial intelligence(AI)enhances new quality productivity in new liberal arts education.By analyzing the role of AI in personalized learning,interdisciplinary integration,and the application of virtual reality/augmented reality technologies,it reveals how AI technology promotes the development of students’innovative capabilities and productivity in the context of new liberal arts education.The study shows that AI is not only a technical tool but also a driving force for transforming educational models and fostering knowledge innovation.Further exploration of the deep integration of AI and new liberal arts education is necessary to promote comprehensive social progress.展开更多
As sales and demand increased in the electric car industry,Lynas,a rare earth producer in Australia,announced a surge in revenue in the second half of 2017.It was reported that the company’s six month sales up to Dec...As sales and demand increased in the electric car industry,Lynas,a rare earth producer in Australia,announced a surge in revenue in the second half of 2017.It was reported that the company’s six month sales up to December 31,2017 was209 million Australian dollars($155.7 million),compared with a$114.6 million in展开更多
Compared with the conventional casting process, digital pattern-less casting technology has many advantages such as good machining accuracy, a short processing cycle, and low production cost. It is a new rapid manufac...Compared with the conventional casting process, digital pattern-less casting technology has many advantages such as good machining accuracy, a short processing cycle, and low production cost. It is a new rapid manufacturing technology for castings, integrated with CAD/CAM, casting, CNC machining and many other advanced technologies. With this digital casting technology, no pattern is needed for making molds; it is precise, f lexible, and green. Usually, art castings have complex structures and are made in small batches or even made in a single-piece, especially for large-sized art castings. So it has the shortcomings of high cost, low eff iciency and long time for making a pattern to produce art castings with the conventional casting processes. However, the digital pattern-less casting technology can be applied to fabricate art castings, since it can greatly shorten the manufacturing cycle and lower the production cost, thus having a very good prospect. In this study, based on the digital pattern-less casting technology, a plaque casting with artistic Chinese characters(a Chinese poem) was designed and manufactured, and the production process was demonstrated in detail.展开更多
The relationship between the government and the waste producer is always a representative and realistic issue,especially concerning the venous industry.This article is based on the true relationship between the govern...The relationship between the government and the waste producer is always a representative and realistic issue,especially concerning the venous industry.This article is based on the true relationship between the government and the waste producer,uses the methods from the evolutionary game theory,and analyzes the relationship between the government and the waste producer in detail.展开更多
Globalization and informatization have accelerated city networking process over the world, which makes research on city network a hot topic in the fields of urban geography and economic geography. With Chinese economi...Globalization and informatization have accelerated city networking process over the world, which makes research on city network a hot topic in the fields of urban geography and economic geography. With Chinese economic structure adjustment and city economic growth, producer services have begun to play an increasingly important role in city-region networking. This paper employs the methodology of world city network to analyze and explain the spatial development characteristics of China's urban network system based on the data of nationwide producer services enterprise network. The research result indicated that the distribution of producer services network has a positive effect on the development of Chinese city networks. City network connectivity is closely related to the significance of city in producer services development, and the former will gradually decline with the drop of the latter. Accordingly, the 64 cities can be divided into the national central cities, regional central cities, sub-regional central cities and local central cities in accordance with their position and role in the nationwide producer services network. It is concluded that high-grade cities with quality producer services dominate the pattern of Chinese city networks and there emerges three spatial agglomerations of producer services enterprises in Changjiang (Yangtze) River Delta, Zhujiang (Pearl) River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Economical Region. Moreover, the distribution of different producer services industry varies from city to city, which also affects the characteristics of network development.展开更多
As the Central Place Theory indicates, the centricity of a central city can influence the extension of its ser- vice. Since the service industry in the theory is mostly consumer services, it is worth studying the rela...As the Central Place Theory indicates, the centricity of a central city can influence the extension of its ser- vice. Since the service industry in the theory is mostly consumer services, it is worth studying the relationship between the producer services and the centricity of the city in the service society with producer services becoming a more im- portant part of the service industry. The paper takes the case of the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Delta (PRD), a developed region in China, to study the relationship between the developing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy. Based on the analysis about the spatial difference of the producer services in the nine cities of the PRD, and the divi- sion of the nine cities according to some economic indices, it is shown that there is a correlation between the develop- ing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy. Furthermore, two deductions about the future status of the pro- ducer services in the city and the location of the producer services in a large region can be made from this correlation between the developing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy.展开更多
On the basis of defining the producers in the supply chain of agricultural products,the SWOT analysis is adopted to analyze the advantages,disadvantages,opportunities and threats of producers in the supply chain of Ch...On the basis of defining the producers in the supply chain of agricultural products,the SWOT analysis is adopted to analyze the advantages,disadvantages,opportunities and threats of producers in the supply chain of Chinese agricultural products.The paper analyzes the advantages of producers in the supply chain of agricultural products from three aspects including land resources,technology level of producers and input costs.The disadvantages of producers in the supply chain of agricultural products are analyzed from three aspects including scale level,mechanization and technology level and profit level.The opportunities of producers in the supply chain of agricultural products are analyzed from the aspects of laws,policies,capitals and technologies.The threats confronted by the producers in the supply chain of agricultural products are analyzed from foreign producers,negotiation control of supply chain of agricultural chain,environment protection and quality safety standard.On the basis of the analysis,the relevant suggestions on facilitating the interests of producers in the supply chain of Chinese agricultural products are put forward,including fully displaying the advantages of land resources;improving the knowledge and technology level of supply chain of agricultural production;establishing the alliances of producers of agricultural products to expand production scale;improving the quality of agricultural products to satisfy the relevant safety quality standard and environmental protection standard.展开更多
In this study,NiO/SBA-15 was prepared by both direct and post synthesis methods.TEM images revealed that NiO particles aggregated in NiO/SBA-15 obtained with post synthesis method,regardless of NiO loading.However,NiO...In this study,NiO/SBA-15 was prepared by both direct and post synthesis methods.TEM images revealed that NiO particles aggregated in NiO/SBA-15 obtained with post synthesis method,regardless of NiO loading.However,NiO particles were monodispersed in NiO/SBA-15 with a NiO loading of less than 15 wt%by using the direct synthesis method.In this case,NiO particles aggregated when NiO loading was over 20 wt%.TPR analysis verified that with direct synthesis method the location boundary of NiO particles on outer and pore surface could be observed clearly,whereas that could not observed in the case of post synthesis method.This indicates that the type of synthesis method displays significant effect on the location of NiO particles dispersed into the SBA-15.Producer gas conversion was carried out using NiO/SBA-15 as catalysts,which were synthesized with different synthesis methods.The gas conversion including methanation occurred at low temperature(i.e.,300-400℃)and the reverse water gas shift(RWGS)reaction at hightemperature(i.e.,400-900℃).High temperatures facilitated CO conversion to CO with CO selectivity close to 100%,regardless of the synthesis method of the used catalyst.At low temperatures the dispersion type of NiO particles affectedthe CO,conversion reaction,i.e.,monodispersed Ni0 particles gave a CO selectivity of close to 100%,similar to thatobtained at high temperature.The aggregated NiO particles resuled in a CO selectivity of less than 100%owing to CH,formation,regardless of synthesis method of catalyst.Therefore,NiO/SBA-15 obtained with direct synthesis methodfavored RWGS reaction because of high CO selectivity.NiOSBA-15 obtained with post synthesis method is suited formethanation because of high CH selectivity,and the conversion of CO,to CHa through methanation increased withincreasing NiO loading.展开更多
文摘The energizing of large power transformers has long been considered a critical event in the operation of an electric power system. When a transformer is energized by the utility, a typical inrush current could be as high as ten times its rated current. This could cause many problems from mechanical stress on transformer windings to harmonics injection, and system protection malfunction. There have been numerous researches focusing on calculation and mitigation of the transformer inrush current. With the development of smart grid, distributed generation from independent power producers (IPPs) is growing rapidly. This paper investigates the inrush current due to black start of an IPP system with several parallel transformers, through a simulation model in DIgSILENT Power Factory software. The study demonstrates that a single genset is capable of energizing a group of transformers since the overall inrush current is slightly above the inrush of the transformer directly connected to the generator. In addition, a simple method is proposed to mitigate the inrush current of the transformers using an auxiliary transformer.
基金Guangdong Association for Non-Government Education,2024 Private University Research Project(GMG2024019)Guangzhou College of Commerce,2024 Higher Education Teaching Reform Project(2024JXGG49)China Association of Higher Education,2023 Higher Education Scientific Research Planning Project(23SZH0416)。
文摘This paper explores the pathways through which artificial intelligence(AI)enhances new quality productivity in new liberal arts education.By analyzing the role of AI in personalized learning,interdisciplinary integration,and the application of virtual reality/augmented reality technologies,it reveals how AI technology promotes the development of students’innovative capabilities and productivity in the context of new liberal arts education.The study shows that AI is not only a technical tool but also a driving force for transforming educational models and fostering knowledge innovation.Further exploration of the deep integration of AI and new liberal arts education is necessary to promote comprehensive social progress.
文摘As sales and demand increased in the electric car industry,Lynas,a rare earth producer in Australia,announced a surge in revenue in the second half of 2017.It was reported that the company’s six month sales up to December 31,2017 was209 million Australian dollars($155.7 million),compared with a$114.6 million in
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51105257)
文摘Compared with the conventional casting process, digital pattern-less casting technology has many advantages such as good machining accuracy, a short processing cycle, and low production cost. It is a new rapid manufacturing technology for castings, integrated with CAD/CAM, casting, CNC machining and many other advanced technologies. With this digital casting technology, no pattern is needed for making molds; it is precise, f lexible, and green. Usually, art castings have complex structures and are made in small batches or even made in a single-piece, especially for large-sized art castings. So it has the shortcomings of high cost, low eff iciency and long time for making a pattern to produce art castings with the conventional casting processes. However, the digital pattern-less casting technology can be applied to fabricate art castings, since it can greatly shorten the manufacturing cycle and lower the production cost, thus having a very good prospect. In this study, based on the digital pattern-less casting technology, a plaque casting with artistic Chinese characters(a Chinese poem) was designed and manufactured, and the production process was demonstrated in detail.
基金supported by the Innovation Foundation of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (Grant No.09YS47)
文摘The relationship between the government and the waste producer is always a representative and realistic issue,especially concerning the venous industry.This article is based on the true relationship between the government and the waste producer,uses the methods from the evolutionary game theory,and analyzes the relationship between the government and the waste producer in detail.
基金Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40971094)
文摘Globalization and informatization have accelerated city networking process over the world, which makes research on city network a hot topic in the fields of urban geography and economic geography. With Chinese economic structure adjustment and city economic growth, producer services have begun to play an increasingly important role in city-region networking. This paper employs the methodology of world city network to analyze and explain the spatial development characteristics of China's urban network system based on the data of nationwide producer services enterprise network. The research result indicated that the distribution of producer services network has a positive effect on the development of Chinese city networks. City network connectivity is closely related to the significance of city in producer services development, and the former will gradually decline with the drop of the latter. Accordingly, the 64 cities can be divided into the national central cities, regional central cities, sub-regional central cities and local central cities in accordance with their position and role in the nationwide producer services network. It is concluded that high-grade cities with quality producer services dominate the pattern of Chinese city networks and there emerges three spatial agglomerations of producer services enterprises in Changjiang (Yangtze) River Delta, Zhujiang (Pearl) River Delta and Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan Economical Region. Moreover, the distribution of different producer services industry varies from city to city, which also affects the characteristics of network development.
基金Foundation item: Under the auspices of National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 40125003, No. 40601029)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (No. 06300790)
文摘As the Central Place Theory indicates, the centricity of a central city can influence the extension of its ser- vice. Since the service industry in the theory is mostly consumer services, it is worth studying the relationship between the producer services and the centricity of the city in the service society with producer services becoming a more im- portant part of the service industry. The paper takes the case of the Zhujiang (Pearl) River Delta (PRD), a developed region in China, to study the relationship between the developing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy. Based on the analysis about the spatial difference of the producer services in the nine cities of the PRD, and the divi- sion of the nine cities according to some economic indices, it is shown that there is a correlation between the develop- ing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy. Furthermore, two deductions about the future status of the pro- ducer services in the city and the location of the producer services in a large region can be made from this correlation between the developing level of producer services and the urban hierarchy.
基金Supported by the Innovation Fund Project for Graduate Student of Xihua University
文摘On the basis of defining the producers in the supply chain of agricultural products,the SWOT analysis is adopted to analyze the advantages,disadvantages,opportunities and threats of producers in the supply chain of Chinese agricultural products.The paper analyzes the advantages of producers in the supply chain of agricultural products from three aspects including land resources,technology level of producers and input costs.The disadvantages of producers in the supply chain of agricultural products are analyzed from three aspects including scale level,mechanization and technology level and profit level.The opportunities of producers in the supply chain of agricultural products are analyzed from the aspects of laws,policies,capitals and technologies.The threats confronted by the producers in the supply chain of agricultural products are analyzed from foreign producers,negotiation control of supply chain of agricultural chain,environment protection and quality safety standard.On the basis of the analysis,the relevant suggestions on facilitating the interests of producers in the supply chain of Chinese agricultural products are put forward,including fully displaying the advantages of land resources;improving the knowledge and technology level of supply chain of agricultural production;establishing the alliances of producers of agricultural products to expand production scale;improving the quality of agricultural products to satisfy the relevant safety quality standard and environmental protection standard.
文摘In this study,NiO/SBA-15 was prepared by both direct and post synthesis methods.TEM images revealed that NiO particles aggregated in NiO/SBA-15 obtained with post synthesis method,regardless of NiO loading.However,NiO particles were monodispersed in NiO/SBA-15 with a NiO loading of less than 15 wt%by using the direct synthesis method.In this case,NiO particles aggregated when NiO loading was over 20 wt%.TPR analysis verified that with direct synthesis method the location boundary of NiO particles on outer and pore surface could be observed clearly,whereas that could not observed in the case of post synthesis method.This indicates that the type of synthesis method displays significant effect on the location of NiO particles dispersed into the SBA-15.Producer gas conversion was carried out using NiO/SBA-15 as catalysts,which were synthesized with different synthesis methods.The gas conversion including methanation occurred at low temperature(i.e.,300-400℃)and the reverse water gas shift(RWGS)reaction at hightemperature(i.e.,400-900℃).High temperatures facilitated CO conversion to CO with CO selectivity close to 100%,regardless of the synthesis method of the used catalyst.At low temperatures the dispersion type of NiO particles affectedthe CO,conversion reaction,i.e.,monodispersed Ni0 particles gave a CO selectivity of close to 100%,similar to thatobtained at high temperature.The aggregated NiO particles resuled in a CO selectivity of less than 100%owing to CH,formation,regardless of synthesis method of catalyst.Therefore,NiO/SBA-15 obtained with direct synthesis methodfavored RWGS reaction because of high CO selectivity.NiOSBA-15 obtained with post synthesis method is suited formethanation because of high CH selectivity,and the conversion of CO,to CHa through methanation increased withincreasing NiO loading.