Comparison between Care Strategies for Patients with Osteoarthritis of the Hands Based on the Use of Joint Protection, Assistive Technology and Exercises

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disabling disease that can affect 6% to 12% of the adult population and more than a third of people over 65 years of age. Purpose: To assess whether a group of people with hand osteoarthritis (hOA) who received different types of treatment improved their function after two years of follow-up. Method: The entire sample (n = 97) underwent three follow-up assessments regarding anthropometric parameters of the upper limbs and ability to perform functional activities. Subsequently, the sample was divided into two groups for the intervention periods, called the First Period (n = 73) and the Second Period (n = 24);the First Period kept the same protocol with orientations, and the Second Period went to an intervention with orientation strength exercises and use of orthosis. Findings: In the separate analysis of the three questions of the DASH pain module, no differences were found between the assessment moments for groups of guidelines, treatment, or symptoms. Significant effects were observed for F(2, 162) = 3.5, p = 0.033, η2 = 0.04, and interaction for moments and intervention F(2, 162) = 4.3, p = 0.016, η2 = 0.05. Implications: It can be concluded that only guidance treatment does not benefit patients with hand osteoarthritis. In contrast, guidance, exercise, and orthosis treatment can significantly improve the disease.

Commodity Value Theory-Invisible Hands Seen

Through the revelation of“commodity value”,the“invisible hand”described by Adam Smith is now clearly visible.It is precisely“commodity value”that guides people to seek benefits for themselves and for others,adding enormous wealth to society.

Task Oriented Optimal Grasp Planning by Three Fingered Robot Hands

This paper presents a way for research on grasp planning of three fingered robot hands. According to the assortment of human hand grasping, two typical grasping poses for three finger grasps are summarized. The task requirements, the geometrical and physical features of the object and the information from the environment are synthesized. Grasp pose is deduced by task analysis, and the graspable plane is sought and determined. The process of grasp planning is finally carried out by determining three grasp points on the feasible grasp plane.

“Hands-on”模式在高职人才培养中的应用探索

高职教育，强调实践动手能力。传统教学，照搬本科教学模式，重视理论，忽视学生主动学习与动手能力。如何改善教学方法，采取合适的教学模式，是高职院校一直在努力探索的问题。基于高职办学历史较短，实践教学条件较缺乏，而引进行业优秀人才做师资、依靠教师知识积累、网络资源建设等途径，加上“Hands-on”模式的应用，会弥补现行教学模式的许多不足，达到提高学生实践动手能力的目的。改革教学计划、改进课程设置、引进“Hands-on”模式教学等探索，是值得努力的一个教改方向。

FORCE OPTIMIZATION OF GRASPING BY ROBOTIC HANDS

It is important for robotic hands to obtain optimal grasping performance inthe meanwhile balancing external forces and maintaining grasp stability. The problem of forceoptimization of grasping is solved in the space of joint torques. A measure of grasping performanceis presented to protect joint actuators from working in heavy payloads. The joint torques arecalculated for the optimal performance under the frictional constraints and the physical limits ofmotor outputs. By formulating the grasping forces into the explicit function of joint torques, thefrictional constraints imposed on the grasping forces are transformed into the constraints on jointtorques. Without further simplification, the nonlinear frictional constraints can be simply handledin the process of optimization. Two numerical examples demonstrate the simplicity and effectivenessof the approach.

基于HAND的流域洪水淹没快速分析技术

快速分析计算流域洪水淹没,对于防洪具有重要作用,而基于水动力学模型的经典淹没算法在时效性方面存在不足,制约防洪“四预”功能实现和数字孪生流域建设。针对此,本文建立了基于HAND(Height Above Nearest Drainage)的形态淹没模型,用于快速分析流域洪水淹没情况,在乐安河流域上游进行了应用验证。结果表明,模型可在5秒内完成洪水淹没计算,对四场历史洪水和三场设计洪水淹没范围的总体模拟精度平均为0.95,达到水动力学模型的模拟精度;对淹没水深的模拟存在较大误差,平均误差为0.79 m。基于HAND的形态淹没模型可快速绘制全流域洪水淹没范围图,大幅提升影响预报和防洪预演的时效性水平。

Study on Vehicle Hands Free System With Bluetooth

In this paper, the application of bluetooth in vehicle hands free system was described, then the hardware and software structure of system had been designed. Finally, selection about electron parts and chip of electronic equipments was presented in detail.

Effects of early rehabilitation in improvement of paediatric burnt hands function

BACKGROUND Hands are one of the most common burn sites in children.Hypertrophic scar contractures in hands after wound healing result in further reductions in their range of motion(ROM),motility,and fine motor activities.Rehabilitation can improve the function of hands.But the optimal time of rehabilitation intervention is still unclear.Therefore,this study was designed to investigate the effects of early rehabilitation management of paediatric burnt hands and to compare the efficacy between early and later rehabilitation intervention.AIM To investigate the effects of early rehabilitation management of paediatric burnt hands.METHODS A total of 52 children with burnt hands were allocated into the early intervention group(≤1 mo from onset)and a late intervention group(>1 mo from onset)between January 2016 and December 2017.The children received the same rehabilitation programme including skin care,scar massage,passive ROM exercises,active ROM exercises,compression therapy,orthotic devices wearing and game or music therapy.Rehabilitation assessments were performed before and after the rehabilitation treatment.RESULTS In the early intervention group,the ROM of the hands was significantly improved after rehabilitation(P=0.001).But in the late group the effect was not significant statistically(P=0.142).In the early group,38.5%of the patients showed significant improvement,while in the late group,69.2%of the patients showed no significant improvement.The time from onset to posttraumatic rehabilitation(P=0.0007)and length of hospital stay(P=0.003)were negatively correlated with the hand function improvement.The length of rehabilitation stay was positively correlated with the hand function improvement(P=0.005).CONCLUSION These findings suggest that early rehabilitation might show better results in terms of ROM.

A Brief Analysis on Main Characters of Two Short Stories—“Hands” and “Adventure” in Winesburg,Ohio from Freud's Tripartite Personality Structure Theory

Sherwood Anderson's masterpiece Winesburg, Ohio is often considered to be the first real modern American novel."Hands"and"Adventure"are two representative stories of this novel. In this article, the author tries to do a brief analysis on the protagonists of the two stories by using the tripartite personality structure theory of Freud, aiming to get a deeper interpretation and the profound connotation of the stories.

Coordinated control and autonomous grasp with multifingered robot hands

Presents major achievements in researches on coordinated control with multifingered robot hands by first briefing the present status of researches on multifingered robot hands, then discussing the coordinated control with multifingered robot hands, and finally exploring the way of achieving autonomous grasp, and thoughts on future researches.

Imaginary displacement method for analysis of multi-fingered robot hands grasping stability

Gives an overview of the present status of researches on grasp stability of multi fingered dexterous robot hands,presents the imaginary displacement method for evaluating the grasp stability, which is easy to realize on computer,and has no limit on contact points for each finger. Analyses for grasping stability with single contact point of typical objects with different curvature proved the effectiveness of the method proposed and optimal grasp examples are given as well.

Evaluation of Contamination of Hands of the Medical Students in a Medical Teaching Tertiary Care Hospital

Background: In the hospital, patients are often exposed to multiple procedures, invasive devices etc., increasing their chances of contracting such potential pathogens. Most of the time these potential pathogens exhibit multiple drug resistance. Aim: In view of the above factors, this study was undertaken to determine the rate of colonization of potential bacterial pathogens in the hands of final year MBBS undergraduate students. As per their clinical teaching curriculum, they visit the wards/ICU/OT, etc. on a daily basis. Method: Samples were collected from the hands of final year MBBS undergraduate students. The samples were collected by rubbing a saline wet swab stick onto the hands of the students and were inoculated onto nutrient agar plates for 18 - 24 hours at 37°C aerobically. Bacterial isolates were identified till species level by performing gram staining and biochemical reactions. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by Kirby-baur disc diffusion method as per CLSI guidelines 2016. Conclusion: 103 samples were collected from hands of final year undergraduate MBBS students by swab culture method. 38 showed growth and 65 showed no growth. Out of 38 isolates, 36 were Gram positive cocci and 2 were Gram positive bacilli. No Gram negative bacilli were isolated. Amongst 36 Gram positive cocci, 16 were coagulase positive Staphylococcus aureus and 20 were Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CoNS). 14 Staphylococcus aureus out of 16 were methicillin sensitive and 2 were methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Out of 16 Staphylococcus aureus, 1 isolate showed Inducible Clindamycin Resistance (iMLSB phenotype) and 6 isolates showed complete resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin (constitutive MLSB phenotype). 1 Staphylococcus aureus which was Inducible Clindamycin Resistance (iMLSB phenotype) was also methicillin resistant.

子痫前期病人长链非编码RNA H19和长链非编码RNA HAND2-AS1表达水平与胰岛素抵抗的相关性研究

目的检测子痫前期病人胎盘组织、血清长链非编码RNA H19(LncRNA H19)与长链非编码RNAHAND2-AS1(Ln⁃cRNA HAND2-AS1)表达水平,并分析其与病人胰岛素抵抗(IR)的相关性。方法将2021年1—12月在唐山市妇幼保健院建卡的子痫前期孕妇105例作为子痫前期组,根据子痫前期孕妇严重程度分为轻度子痫前期组与重度子痫前期组,另选取同期孕周、年龄相符的健康孕妇97例作为对照组,收集所有孕妇身体质量指数(BMI)、孕周、收缩压、舒张压、空腹胰岛素(FINS)、空腹血糖(FBG)等一般资料,并计算稳态模型的IR指数(HOMA-IR);实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)法测定孕妇血清、胎盘组织中LncRNA H19,LncRNA HAND2-AS1水平;比较对照组与子痫前期组、轻度子痫前期组与重度子痫前期组间血清、胎盘组织LncRNA H19、LncRNA HAND2-AS1水平;Pearson法分析子痫前期孕妇血清、胎盘组织LncRNA H19、LncRNA HAND2-AS1与HOMA-IR的相关性。结果子痫前期组病人收缩压、舒张压高于对照组(P<0.05),且重度子痫前期病人收缩压、舒张压高于轻度子痫前期病人,孕周低于轻度子痫前期病人(P<0.05);与对照组相比,子痫前期组孕妇24 h尿蛋白、FBG[(5.84±0.97)mmol/L比(4.22±0.70)mmol/L]、FINS[(13.37±2.23)mU/L比(7.52±1.25)mU/L]、HOMI-IR水平(3.47±0.57比1.41±0.23)升高(P<0.05),且重度子痫前期孕妇24 h尿蛋白、FBG[(6.90±1.15)mmol/L比(5.24±0.85)mmol/L]、FINS[(13.97±2.32)mU/L比(13.05±2.17)mU/L]、HOMI-IR水平(4.27±0.71比3.03±0.50)高于轻度子痫前期孕妇(P<0.05);与对照组相比,子痫前期组孕妇血清、胎盘组织Ln⁃cRNA H19(2.52±1.42比1.01±0.15,3.75±0.62比1.02±0.17)与LncRNA HAND2-AS1水平(1.98±0.33比1.01±0.15,2.87±0.47比1.02±0.17)升高(P<0.05),且重度子痫前期孕妇血清、胎盘组织LncRNA H19(2.84±0.47比2.34±0.39,4.28±0.71比3.45±0.57)与LncRNA HAND2-AS1水平(2.59±0.43比1.63±0.27,3.56±0.59比2.49±0.41)高于轻度子痫前期孕妇(P<0.05);子痫前期病人血清与胎盘组织间LncRNA H19水平呈正相关(r=0.55,P<0.05),血清与胎盘组织间LncRNA HAND2-AS1水平呈正相关性(r=0.65,P<0.05)。子痫前期孕妇血清、胎盘组织LncRNA H19水平分别与HOMI-IR呈正相关(r=0.53、0.59,P<0.05);血清、胎盘组织LncRNA HAND2-AS1水平分别与HOMI-IR呈正相关(r=0.60、0.61,P<0.05)。结论子痫前期病人血清、胎盘组织LncRNA H19、LncRNA HAND2-AS1高表达,二者与IR密切相关,可能通过影响IR参与子痫前期发生发展。

Natural contamination of human hands with enteric parasites in Indian Subcontinent

AIM: To investigate the prevalence of enteric parasite contamination on hands and the potential role naturally contaminated hands may have in their transmission. METHODS: Prior to initiating the survey, the protocol was reviewed and approved by respective Institutional Review Boards of each survey site(Dhaka, Bangladesh and Kolkata, India). Both stool and corresponding hand wash samples collected, were analyzed for the presence of enteric parasitic ova/(oo)cysts employing conventional microscopy coupled with permanent staining techniques. Additionally molecular approachessuch as polymerase chain reaction(PCR) of enteric parasites recovered from both stool and corresponding hand wash samples, were also used to further confirm their identity. RESULTS: A total of 972 stool samples were collected from both sites surveyed(300 volunteers from Kolkata, India and 672 from Dhaka, Bangladesh). Parasitic analysis revealed, 113(38%) from Kolkata, India and 267(40%) of stool samples from Dhaka, Bangladesh were positive for parasitic ova/(oo)cysts. When the corresponding hand wash samples were analyzed, 43(14%) stool-positive volunteers in Kolkata, India and 47(7%) in Dhaka, Bangladesh were positive for enteric parasitic ova/(oo)cysts. Ascaris lumbricoides(A. lumbricoides) ova and Giardia lamblia(G. lamblia) cysts predominated in hands wash samples from both sites surveyed(from India, A. lumbricoides ova, 53%; G. lamblia cysts 31% and from Bangladesh, A. lumbricoides ova, 47%; G. lamblia cysts 19%). Genotypic analysis of enteric parasitic ova/(oo)cysts obtained from both stool and corresponding hand wash samples taken from the same person were found to be identical. CONCLUSION: These results suggest a possible role of hands contaminated with enteric parasites' ova/(oo)cysts in the transmission of these parasites highlighting another role of hand hygiene/proper hand washing in reducing the disease burden in low socioeconomic communities.

Low-Cost Posture Recognition of Moving Hands by Profile-Mold Construction in Cluttered Background and Occlusion

In this paper, we propose a low-cost posture recognition scheme using a single webcam for the signaling hand with nature sways and possible oc-clusions. It goes for developing the untouchable low-complexity utility based on friendly hand-posture signaling. The scheme integrates the dominant temporal-difference detection, skin color detection and morphological filtering for efficient cooperation in constructing the hand profile molds. Those molds provide representative hand profiles for more stable posture recognition than accurate hand shapes with in effect trivial details. The resultant bounding box of tracking the signaling molds can be treated as a regular-type object-matched ROI to facilitate the stable extraction of robust HOG features. With such commonly applied features on hand, the prototype SVM is adequately capable of obtaining fast and stable hand postures recognition under natural hand movement and non-hand object occlusion. Experimental results demonstrate that our scheme can achieve hand-posture recognition with enough accuracy under background clutters that the targeted hand can be allowed with medium movement and palm-grasped object. Hence, the proposed method can be easily embedded in the mobile phone as application software.

Dynamic Hand Gesture-Based Person Identification Using Leap Motion and Machine Learning Approaches

Person identification is one of the most vital tasks for network security. People are more concerned about theirsecurity due to traditional passwords becoming weaker or leaking in various attacks. In recent decades, fingerprintsand faces have been widely used for person identification, which has the risk of information leakage as a resultof reproducing fingers or faces by taking a snapshot. Recently, people have focused on creating an identifiablepattern, which will not be reproducible falsely by capturing psychological and behavioral information of a personusing vision and sensor-based techniques. In existing studies, most of the researchers used very complex patternsin this direction, which need special training and attention to remember the patterns and failed to capturethe psychological and behavioral information of a person properly. To overcome these problems, this researchdevised a novel dynamic hand gesture-based person identification system using a Leap Motion sensor. Thisstudy developed two hand gesture-based pattern datasets for performing the experiments, which contained morethan 500 samples, collected from 25 subjects. Various static and dynamic features were extracted from the handgeometry. Randomforest was used to measure feature importance using the Gini Index. Finally, the support vectormachinewas implemented for person identification and evaluate its performance using identification accuracy. Theexperimental results showed that the proposed system produced an identification accuracy of 99.8% for arbitraryhand gesture-based patterns and 99.6% for the same dynamic hand gesture-based patterns. This result indicatedthat the proposed system can be used for person identification in the field of security.

MANIPULATION KINEMATICS ON DEXTEROUS HANDS CONSIDERING PURE ROLLING CONTACTS AS PASSIVE JOINTS

The manipulation and constraint equations are established by considering the pure rolling motion in a dexterous hand as two passive joints. According to mapping relation among the motion of the system, the differential kinematics and mobility are studied. The minimal structure for realizing the task motion of the object is obtained, and the conditions for dexterous manipulation are presented. Finally, some rolling manipulations are used as examples to demonstrate the applicability of approach proposed.

Computer Assisted Designing System for Hands and Formability of Worsted Fabrics

Equations that can predict worsted fabrics’ properties such as bending, shearing, compression, surface and tension, were achieved by means of theoretical and experimental studies. By combining these equations with Kawabata’s hand and silhouette evaluation methods, a software system was established. Then the mechanical properties, hand and silhouette of a fabric can be predicted quickly and accurately in terms of fiber configurations, yarn and fabric structures. The predictive result if unsatisfied can be revised by the function of “Help for designing modification”.

From“Won't Pay a Penny”to "Shake Hands" ——Learnings from mediation of steel quality disputes between Hebei company and Ukrainian Company

Case background At the end of December,2011,the Mediation Center of China Council for the Promotion of International Trade and China Chamber of International Commerce received a complaint call from a Ukrainian steel company,who claimed a compensation for the poorquality keels it imported from a Hebei building material company.But the exporter refused the compensation as it denied that the commodities had any quality problems at the time of port departure.