The rotation of the Earth and the related length of the day (LOD) are predominantly affected by tidal dissipation through the Moon and the growth of the Earth’s core. Due to the increased concentration of mass around...The rotation of the Earth and the related length of the day (LOD) are predominantly affected by tidal dissipation through the Moon and the growth of the Earth’s core. Due to the increased concentration of mass around the rotation axis of the spinning Earth during the growth of the core the rotation should have been accelerated. Controversially the tidal dissipation by the Moon, which is mainly dependent on the availability of open shallow seas and the kind of Moon escape from a nearby position, acts towards a deceleration of the rotating Earth. Measurements of LOD for Phanerozoic and Precambrian times open ways to solve questions concerning the geodynamical history of the Earth. These measurements encompass investigations of growth patterns in fossils and depositional patterns in sediments (Cyclostratigraphy, Tidalites, Stromatolites, Rhythmites). These patterns contain information on the LOD and on the changing distance between Earth and Moon and can be used as well for a discussion about the growth of the Earth’s core. By updating an older paper with its simple approach as well as incorporating newly published results provided by the geoscientific community, a moderate to fast growth of the core in a hot early Earth will be favored controversially to the assumption of a delayed development of the core in an originally cold Earth. Core development with acceleration of Earth’s rotation and the contemporaneous slowing down due to tidal dissipation during the filling of the ocean may significantly interrelate.展开更多
Great experimental results and observations achieved by Astronomy in the last decades revealed new unexplainable phenomena. Astronomers have conclusive new evidence that a recently discovered “dark galaxy” is, in fa...Great experimental results and observations achieved by Astronomy in the last decades revealed new unexplainable phenomena. Astronomers have conclusive new evidence that a recently discovered “dark galaxy” is, in fact, an object the size of a galaxy, made entirely of dark matter. They found that the speed of the Earth’s rotation varies randomly each day. 115 years ago, the Tunguska Event was observed, and astronomers still do not have an explanation of It. Main results of the present article are: 1) Dark galaxies explained by the spinning of their Dark Matter Cores with the surface speed at equator less than the escape velocity. Their Rotational Fission is not happening. Extrasolar systems do not emerge;2) 21-cm Emission explained by the self-annihilation of Dark Matter particles XIONs (5.3 μeV);3) Sun-Earth-Moon Interaction explained by the influence of the Sun’s and the Moon’s magnetic field on the electrical currents of the charged Geomagma (the 660-km layer), and, as a result, the Earth’s daylength varies;4) Tunguska Event explained by a huge atmospheric explosion of the Superbolide, which was a stable Dark Matter Bubble before entering the Earth’s atmosphere.展开更多
Since a thrust of an ion rocket engine is much weaker than the one of a chemical fuel engine, nowadays, ion engines are used mainly in spaces where gravities are very weak. Here, as a powerful plasma rocket to make a ...Since a thrust of an ion rocket engine is much weaker than the one of a chemical fuel engine, nowadays, ion engines are used mainly in spaces where gravities are very weak. Here, as a powerful plasma rocket to make a heavy ship get out from the gravity-sphere of the earth without relying on an atomic power rocket, an ion-velocity booster is investigated. It is a main challenge how to protect the engine wall from the melting due to collisions of ions which grow into high-energy particles.展开更多
太空风化研究对小行星表面环境及成分遥感反演具有重要意义。目前对太空风化引起小行星光谱变化的研究结果并不统一,对硅酸盐小行星风化模式缺乏统一的认识.基于大样本研究的思路,统计了4颗普通球粒陨石(H、L和LL型)、7种硅酸盐单矿物、...太空风化研究对小行星表面环境及成分遥感反演具有重要意义。目前对太空风化引起小行星光谱变化的研究结果并不统一,对硅酸盐小行星风化模式缺乏统一的认识.基于大样本研究的思路,统计了4颗普通球粒陨石(H、L和LL型)、7种硅酸盐单矿物、6组橄榄石-辉石不同比例混合物的激光辐照实验,分析辐照前后样品可见-近红外反射光谱(0.45-2.5μm)的变化,并结合小行星光谱研究太空风化对硅酸盐小行星光谱的影响.结果显示,太空风化不会引起1μm吸收中心的明显偏移,但会导致吸收面积比(2μm带面积/1 um带面积)增加.因此,使用“1μum吸收中心-吸收面积比”作图来区分陨石类型仍然有效,即太空风化对矿物学分类影响较小。在主成分分析图中,A型小行星具有几乎平行于α线的风化趋势,其余硅酸盐小行星具有“Q-Sq-S”的风化趋势.基于斯隆数字巡天数据(Sloan Digital Sky Surveydataset,SDSS)的小行星分类系统会混淆富含橄榄石小行星的分类,并可能低估A型小行星的数量.系统分析了硅酸盐小行星太空风化模式及光谱变化规律,对深入认识小行星光谱的太空风化效应以及矿物定量遥感反演具有实用价值.展开更多
文摘The rotation of the Earth and the related length of the day (LOD) are predominantly affected by tidal dissipation through the Moon and the growth of the Earth’s core. Due to the increased concentration of mass around the rotation axis of the spinning Earth during the growth of the core the rotation should have been accelerated. Controversially the tidal dissipation by the Moon, which is mainly dependent on the availability of open shallow seas and the kind of Moon escape from a nearby position, acts towards a deceleration of the rotating Earth. Measurements of LOD for Phanerozoic and Precambrian times open ways to solve questions concerning the geodynamical history of the Earth. These measurements encompass investigations of growth patterns in fossils and depositional patterns in sediments (Cyclostratigraphy, Tidalites, Stromatolites, Rhythmites). These patterns contain information on the LOD and on the changing distance between Earth and Moon and can be used as well for a discussion about the growth of the Earth’s core. By updating an older paper with its simple approach as well as incorporating newly published results provided by the geoscientific community, a moderate to fast growth of the core in a hot early Earth will be favored controversially to the assumption of a delayed development of the core in an originally cold Earth. Core development with acceleration of Earth’s rotation and the contemporaneous slowing down due to tidal dissipation during the filling of the ocean may significantly interrelate.
文摘Great experimental results and observations achieved by Astronomy in the last decades revealed new unexplainable phenomena. Astronomers have conclusive new evidence that a recently discovered “dark galaxy” is, in fact, an object the size of a galaxy, made entirely of dark matter. They found that the speed of the Earth’s rotation varies randomly each day. 115 years ago, the Tunguska Event was observed, and astronomers still do not have an explanation of It. Main results of the present article are: 1) Dark galaxies explained by the spinning of their Dark Matter Cores with the surface speed at equator less than the escape velocity. Their Rotational Fission is not happening. Extrasolar systems do not emerge;2) 21-cm Emission explained by the self-annihilation of Dark Matter particles XIONs (5.3 μeV);3) Sun-Earth-Moon Interaction explained by the influence of the Sun’s and the Moon’s magnetic field on the electrical currents of the charged Geomagma (the 660-km layer), and, as a result, the Earth’s daylength varies;4) Tunguska Event explained by a huge atmospheric explosion of the Superbolide, which was a stable Dark Matter Bubble before entering the Earth’s atmosphere.
文摘Since a thrust of an ion rocket engine is much weaker than the one of a chemical fuel engine, nowadays, ion engines are used mainly in spaces where gravities are very weak. Here, as a powerful plasma rocket to make a heavy ship get out from the gravity-sphere of the earth without relying on an atomic power rocket, an ion-velocity booster is investigated. It is a main challenge how to protect the engine wall from the melting due to collisions of ions which grow into high-energy particles.
文摘太空风化研究对小行星表面环境及成分遥感反演具有重要意义。目前对太空风化引起小行星光谱变化的研究结果并不统一,对硅酸盐小行星风化模式缺乏统一的认识.基于大样本研究的思路,统计了4颗普通球粒陨石(H、L和LL型)、7种硅酸盐单矿物、6组橄榄石-辉石不同比例混合物的激光辐照实验,分析辐照前后样品可见-近红外反射光谱(0.45-2.5μm)的变化,并结合小行星光谱研究太空风化对硅酸盐小行星光谱的影响.结果显示,太空风化不会引起1μm吸收中心的明显偏移,但会导致吸收面积比(2μm带面积/1 um带面积)增加.因此,使用“1μum吸收中心-吸收面积比”作图来区分陨石类型仍然有效,即太空风化对矿物学分类影响较小。在主成分分析图中,A型小行星具有几乎平行于α线的风化趋势,其余硅酸盐小行星具有“Q-Sq-S”的风化趋势.基于斯隆数字巡天数据(Sloan Digital Sky Surveydataset,SDSS)的小行星分类系统会混淆富含橄榄石小行星的分类,并可能低估A型小行星的数量.系统分析了硅酸盐小行星太空风化模式及光谱变化规律,对深入认识小行星光谱的太空风化效应以及矿物定量遥感反演具有实用价值.
