Experiments were performed on 64 Sprague-Dawley rats under ure-thane anesthesia. Extracellular recording method was used to investigate the effect of aluminum (Al)microinjected into CA3 on long-term potentiation (LTP)...Experiments were performed on 64 Sprague-Dawley rats under ure-thane anesthesia. Extracellular recording method was used to investigate the effect of aluminum (Al)microinjected into CA3 on long-term potentiation (LTP) in this area. The relationship between the inhibitory effect of Al and L-arginine-NO pathway was also studied. Microinjection of Al (0. 5 mol/L, 1 μl ) into CA3 could block the induction of LTP in CA3. Microinjection of Al (0. 5 mol/L, 1 μl) into CA3 after LTP was induced could also decrease the amplitude of population spike (PS). The inhibitory effect of Al on LTP in CA3 could be enhanced by preinjection of NG-nitro-L-arginine (0. 3 mol/L, 1 μl). Preinjection of L-arginine (0. 3 mol/L, 1 μl) into CA3 could antagonize the inhibitory effect of Al on LTP. These results suggest that Al could block the induction of LTP and decrease the amplitude of PS potentiated in CA3. The effect of Al might be antagonized by L-arginine-NO pathway.展开更多
Electrochemical capacitors(EC) bear faster charge-discharge; however, their real applications are still on a long away due to lower capacitance and energy densities which mainly arise from simple surface charge accumu...Electrochemical capacitors(EC) bear faster charge-discharge; however, their real applications are still on a long away due to lower capacitance and energy densities which mainly arise from simple surface charge accumulation or/and reaction. Here, a novel synthesis strategy was designed to obtain the purposeful hybrids of nickel cobalt double hydroxide(Ni Co DH) with genetic morphology to improve their electrochemical performance as electrode of EC. Nanostructures of metal hydroxides were grown on the nitrogen-doped graphene(NG) sheets by utilizing defects as nucleation sites and their composition was optimized both by tuning the ratio of Ni:Co as well as the counter halogen and carbonate anions to improve the porosity, stabilize the structure and mediate the redox reaction. The growth of the hybrids was guided by the Co ions through topochemical transformation supported by hoping charge transfer process and olation growth. NG overcoating successfully protects the nanostructure of Ni Co DH during electrochemical test and enhances overall conductivity of the electrode, improving the mass and ionic transportations. As a result, the hybrid exhibits excellent capacitance of 2925 F g-1 at 1 A g-1, as well as long cyclic stability of 10,000 cycles with good capacity retention of 90% at 16 A g-1. Furthermore, the hybrid shows excellent energy and power densities of 52 Wh kg-1 and 3191 W kg-1, respectively at discharge rate of 16 A g-1. It is expected that this strategy can be readily extended to other metal hydroxides, oxides and sulphides to improve their electrochemical performances.展开更多
基金This project was supported by grant from the National Nature Science Foundation of China (No.39270591)
文摘Experiments were performed on 64 Sprague-Dawley rats under ure-thane anesthesia. Extracellular recording method was used to investigate the effect of aluminum (Al)microinjected into CA3 on long-term potentiation (LTP) in this area. The relationship between the inhibitory effect of Al and L-arginine-NO pathway was also studied. Microinjection of Al (0. 5 mol/L, 1 μl ) into CA3 could block the induction of LTP in CA3. Microinjection of Al (0. 5 mol/L, 1 μl) into CA3 after LTP was induced could also decrease the amplitude of population spike (PS). The inhibitory effect of Al on LTP in CA3 could be enhanced by preinjection of NG-nitro-L-arginine (0. 3 mol/L, 1 μl). Preinjection of L-arginine (0. 3 mol/L, 1 μl) into CA3 could antagonize the inhibitory effect of Al on LTP. These results suggest that Al could block the induction of LTP and decrease the amplitude of PS potentiated in CA3. The effect of Al might be antagonized by L-arginine-NO pathway.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China and the Research Grants Council Joint Research Scheme (51361165201)National Natural Science Foundation of China (51125001 and 51172005)+2 种基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation (2122022)the Fund of Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesDoctoral Program of the Ministry of Education of China (20120001110078)
文摘Electrochemical capacitors(EC) bear faster charge-discharge; however, their real applications are still on a long away due to lower capacitance and energy densities which mainly arise from simple surface charge accumulation or/and reaction. Here, a novel synthesis strategy was designed to obtain the purposeful hybrids of nickel cobalt double hydroxide(Ni Co DH) with genetic morphology to improve their electrochemical performance as electrode of EC. Nanostructures of metal hydroxides were grown on the nitrogen-doped graphene(NG) sheets by utilizing defects as nucleation sites and their composition was optimized both by tuning the ratio of Ni:Co as well as the counter halogen and carbonate anions to improve the porosity, stabilize the structure and mediate the redox reaction. The growth of the hybrids was guided by the Co ions through topochemical transformation supported by hoping charge transfer process and olation growth. NG overcoating successfully protects the nanostructure of Ni Co DH during electrochemical test and enhances overall conductivity of the electrode, improving the mass and ionic transportations. As a result, the hybrid exhibits excellent capacitance of 2925 F g-1 at 1 A g-1, as well as long cyclic stability of 10,000 cycles with good capacity retention of 90% at 16 A g-1. Furthermore, the hybrid shows excellent energy and power densities of 52 Wh kg-1 and 3191 W kg-1, respectively at discharge rate of 16 A g-1. It is expected that this strategy can be readily extended to other metal hydroxides, oxides and sulphides to improve their electrochemical performances.
