The Influences of Family, Peers, School and Media in Children's Prosocial Behaviors

Children's skills of social interaction is a significant index of their following psychological development. Prosocial behaviors which influenced by many factors are fundamental representatives of social interaction. Present essay illustrates an indepth review of literature concerning the impacts of family,peers, school and media in Children's prosocial behaviors and also indicates the limitations of each research.

Outbreak Information Delivery to Families with (Pre)School Children and Its Contribution

Background: Infection transmission among them occurs easily and sometimes causes outbreaks at facilities where children live in groups. Early response is necessary for infection control measures to avoid larger clusters. In Japan, (Nursery) School Absenteeism Surveillance System ((N)SASSy), which is a kind of school absenteeism surveillance, has activated since 2007 and covers about 60% of all schools and 40% of all nursery schools in 2017. Objective: The objective of the present paper is investigation and demonstration of how caregivers receive information related to infectious diseases in Japan and how (N)SASSy contributes health of children. Method: We randomly selected subjects with children by pre-fecture in October, 2017. The survey questionnaire asked background information and information about infectious diseases to maintain health in children. We regressed health concern variables on background information and information provision situation about community outbreaks using weighted logistic regression. Results: We received responses from 1172 people. Estimation results showed higher concern about a facility providing information about community outbreak. Caregivers whose children attend facilities provided about community outbreak or covered (N)SASSy significantly higher opportunity to arrange a schedule when a child has a high fever. Discussion: The obtained results demonstrated that activation in (N)SASSy affects the possibility of arranging a schedule when a child has a high fever. This capability might improve community health.

Evaluation of Family Sex Education on Middle School Students in Shanghai

Objective To evaluate the impact of family-school combined sex education among middle school students. Methods This is a school-based intervention study. Four junior middle schools and two senior middle schools in Xuhui District, Shanghai, were selected as study sites involving parents, two junior middle schools and one senior middle school as the intervention group and others as control group. The intervention group was provided with both school and family education which contained giving lectures, distributing leaflets, organizing group discussions and parent-adolescent communicating activities to parents. Data were collected through anonymous and self-administered questionnaires before and after one-year intervention to evaluate the effect of the intervention. Results The average score of parents in the intervention group was higher than that in the control group after intervention. Particularly, the mean score of AIDS knowledge in the intervention group was increased by 10.5, which was more than that of control group （5.3）. The intervention increased the parents＇ intention to family sex education. The percentage of parents in the intervention group approving ＂sex education should be provided by parents＂ had increased, much higher than that in the control group. Intervention also promoted parent-adolescent communication about sex. The percentage of parents reporting ＂they actively talked with their children about sex or their teens asked them questions related to sex＂ had increased, much higher than that in the control group. Conclusion Family-school combined sex education significantly increased sexual knowledge and sex education intention of parents, promoted the parent-adolescent communication about sex as well.

Family is the most influential factor on happiness in high school students

This study is to investigate the influential factors on the happiness of high school students with questionnaires in Guangdong province. The results show that family, health, character, life, ideal, learning, friend, education, leisure are the influential factors on happiness. Among these influential factors, family is the most influential factor on high school students’ happiness, followed by health.

Mutual Experiences of Japanese Parents and Their Children When Late School-Age Children Engage in Meal-Related Family Routines: A Qualitative Analysis of Parent and Child Dyads

Purpose: The objective of the present study was to identify the type of experiences that parents and their children have with each other when late-school age children take on roles in family routines related to daily meals. Methods: A grounded theory approach was used. The participants were children in the 4th, 5th, and 6th grades of elementary school and their main caregivers. First, 10 parent and child dyads were interviewed using a semi-structured schedule. Next, online group interviews were conducted for 17 parent and child dyads to deductively confirm the categories. Results: The average age of the subjects was 41.9 years for parents and 10.4 years for children in parent-child interviews, and 41.1 years for parents and 9.6 years for children in group interviews. Six categories emerged with nineteen subcategories. Conclusions: Experiences mutually nurtured by parents and their children included experiences in which children used negotiation and conversation skills to consensually engage in family routines related to meals. It also included experiences that socialized the children in family life and fostered good communication. The six categories will be useful for healthcare professionals and school authorities in providing health guidance that addresses health functions of late school-age children and their families.

School Offers Family Care to Orphans

On October 12, 2008, a train- ing school for orphans was inaugurated at Nanshanggang Village, Fangshan District,Beijing Municipality. ＂Ours is not an ordinary orphanage,＂ said school official Zhang Mei. ＂It aims to produce members of the social elite by letting orphans grow in love and warmth characteristic of wholesome families.＂

The Impact of Family Relationships on the Smoking Habits of University Students

Smoking habits are thought to be strongly impacted by family relationships. In this study, we looked specifically at family relationships with the aim of finding effective anti-smoking education measures. We surveyed 290 university students in order to establish their current smoking habits, along with their family relationships from primary and junior high school until now. The results showed that students with one or more smokers in their family were clearly more likely to smoke. Furthermore, a poor relationship between the student’s parents and a poor relationship with his/her father are believed to have a causal relationship with the student smoking. In the section in which students were asked how often they were told to study, we found that students who smoked had been instructed to study a significantly higher number of times. It is believed that the stress experienced by students frequently told that they must study during their elementary or junior high school years leads to a tendency to smoke. Among the group of non-smokers, we found many who ate breakfast with their parents during elementary or junior high school, along with many who regularly went on holidays with their families. The lack of these things appears to distance parents from children and may be a factor regarding why children end up smoking. In this study, while no clear correlation was found between family relationships and smoking, several types of family relationships that may lead to smoking were suggested.

Confucianism versus Individualism： A Cross-cultural Comparison of Nurturing and Schooling between China and the United States

family and school are two significant institutions of human society, involving two important phases, i.e., nurture and schooling. A study of how these two phases progress in China and in the United States would help us to get a glimpse of the cultural differences bctween the two countries. Whereas Confucian traditions still strongly influence present-day China, individualism prevails in American society.

Factors Affecting Children’s Cholesterol Levels with a View to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease—The Unique Benefits of Health Screening at the Elementary School

Background: The prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) can substantially contribute to reducing the mortality rate across countries. The level of interest in cholesterol among experts increases when the subjects are elderly and obese individuals. However, specialists do not recommend that children should receive the cholesterol test. The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of cholesterol levels among the children of public school and their parents’ lifestyles that are associated with cholesterol levels, and to assess the need for and utility of cholesterol testing in school settings. Methods: The study investigated a group of 226 fourth-grade public school children aged between 9 and 10 years and guardians in Akitakatacity of Hiroshima Prefecture, Japan. Multiple regression analyses were performed with the logarithmic value of cholesterol levels as a response variable, awareness about lifestyles and health of children as an explanatory variable, and child’s sex and body mass index (BMI) as moderating variables. Using questionnaires about lifestyles, the step-down procedure was applied in multiple regression analyses to narrow down relevant lifestyle variables. Results: The percentage of children with the high total cholesterol (TC) value was about 15 and with low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol value was about 10. Children with low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol value were 5%. Treatment was not required according to the comprehensive assessment. Cholesterol levels were associated with the situation of the children and their guardians as follows, guardian need to consider the food, and child has the correct knowledge about food like how to eat snacks. Conclusions: Children had poor cholesterol levels. From childhood, along with the parents, there is a need to learn about appropriate level of cholesterol for CVD prevention.

“Quito municipal schools” cohort study: Baseline results

The lack of population-level data on growth and development of children and adolescents in Ecuador, and the existence of previous data suggesting an alarming increase in the numbers of children presenting overweight or obesity justifies the present cohort study which includes all pupils of municipal schools of Quito aged 9 to 17 years. Follow-up will continue for a minimum of 7 years. This will allow determining the evolution of prevalence of these phenomena and their trends as well as other indices, both physiological and family-related customs, in order to plan appropriate preventive interventions. The present cross-sectional study includes 21 municipal schools, grouped into four health zones, each of which depends on a health centre, also municipal, and which are responsible for the health of pupils in these schools. Of the 6964 pupils studied, 18.7% suffer overweight and 7.9% obesity: 19.3% and 9.7% respectively in boys, compared to 18.2% and 5.4% in girls. The study also assesses family characteristics, degree of sedentarism and nutritional habits: 62.3% declared living in a nuclear family, and 60.5% declared their families to be in the “adolescent” life-cycle stage;91.9% of pupils were sedentary while 5.4% (CI95% 4.87 - 5.94) reported not eating breakfast every day.

基于“社-校-家-生”四维的大学生学业预警影响因素相关性分析——以安徽中医药大学中西医临床医学专业为例

通过回归分析探讨“社-校-家-生”四维影响因素对学业预警机制的相关性,对安徽中医药大学中西医临床医学专业的421名学生展开调研,采用主成分分析法,建立多因素回归分析模型。建立模型后,发现其中影响最大的五方面因素分别是家庭、课外活动、学习基础、人际关系、就业情况。其中,重要性分析中,父母最高文化水平、生活费/月、挂科数目、户籍所在地、担任班委、辅导员联系家长情况排序前六。通过对四维因素进行逐步回归分析与交互分析,发现对学业预警影响最为显著的为家庭因素和学校因素,且两者不存在交互关系。基于回归分析结果显示对学业成绩影响的主要因素为家庭因素、学校因素,其中家庭维度方面主要是生活费/月、户籍所在地起主要作用,与学业成绩呈负相关,学校维度层面主要是辅导员与家长的联系情况以及相关制度的制定与开展影响较大,与学业成绩呈正相关。

论泰州学派儒学叙事“事象”的原创性话语

目前泰州学派思想研究以儒学平民化、世俗化转向为主要对象,鲜少从民间讲学、以“事”行“道”的“道”叙事行为方面进行考察。要理解泰州学派民间儒学“道”叙事的原创性话语,需要借助概念——“事象”。因为泰州学派依托《大学》格物说,鼓倡以“身”为本,“身”参与进入“家国天下”连续体,而民间讲学的“道”叙事行为使人们面向这个世界并获得空间归属感,百姓日用也得以在叙事中敞开和呈现。所以“家国天下”乃空间叙事的“事象”,有别于历史叙事的家国同构和编年体时间叙事模式。它们既可指涉特定空间场所,也是具有形而上意味、虚实交融的空间之象。“事象”提供了理解中晚明民间叙事繁荣的思想基础。

职住学空间测度及儿童通学决策的影响机理——以昆明市双职工家庭为例

当代城市家庭选择居住地时往往将临近学校作为重要参考,在缩小学住距离的同时加剧了职住分离。选取昆明市561个有学龄儿童的双职工家庭为研究对象,分析家庭空间分异对儿童通学决策的影响。首先,基于时间地理学理论构建考虑职住学三个锚点的家庭活动空间及测度理论模型。其次,根据测度结果将家庭活动空间划分为职住学就近型和职住学分离型两类。最后,建立结构方程模型分别探究两种模式下父母工作时长以及父母儿童组合时间窗对儿童通学时空行为的影响。研究结果表明:相对于学住距离,父母的职住距离和工作时长对通学行为的影响更为显著,因此就近入学政策对于促进儿童步行上学的作用有限;对于职住学分离型家庭,父母下班与儿童放学组合时间窗的宽裕程度对儿童出行影响显著,组合时间窗越宽裕,儿童小汽车出行的可能越大,因此弹性放学时间的效果也有待商榷;儿童在通学行为中的性别差异主要在职住学分离型家庭中体现。

我国学校体育协同育人“双循环”推进的内在逻辑与路径探索

学校体育应是一项国家顶层设计、教育系统组织、学校全力落实、家庭积极参与、社会全面支持的健康教育事业,蕴含着广泛、深厚、持久的协同育人特征。目前学校体育各项改革存在着“无发展的增长”的“内卷化”隐忧,阻碍协同育人高质量推进。研究认为协同育人是教育各方力量彼此契合、相互配合、互相成就的“双循环”动力系统。家校社三方主体间契合关系不紧密、亲和路径不畅通、相互成就意愿不强烈等问题导致教育各方力量难聚合、难释放、难强劲。以增动力、添活力、挖潜力为目标的联盟化、数据化、议事化推进路径,有助于拓展契合渠道、打开协同空间、筑牢协同根基,可以充分释放协同育人机制的聚合动力。

“家校社”协同育人研究评述与问题前瞻

构建“家校社”协同育人机制,是推进我国教育治理现代化的必然要求。本研究运用Nvivo11对中国知网数据库中1992~2022年我国“家校社”协同育人的核心文献进行分析,梳理国内近三十年来“家校社”协同育人的研究趋势。结果发现,当前研究在“家校社”协同育人理论阐释、责任边界、国外借鉴、实践探索方面积累了一定经验,但也存在价值内涵有待澄清、责任边界有待厘清、经验启示有待整合、在地实践有待创新等不足。未来应进一步构建“家校社”协同育人的理论体系,拓宽“家校社”协同育人的研究视域,创新“家校社”协同育人的实践研究。

The Vocabulary Reality from Elementary School to High School in China

The purpose of this research is to examine how large English language vocabulary is used in elementary,middle and high schools in China in order to plan for teaching how much English vocabulary college students learn in the first two years to develop general English ability.One corpus is used to examine how many high-frequency words are included in elementary,middle and high school English vocabulary and Vocabprofile and Text Lex Compare of on-line tool-http://www.lextutor.ca/are used to.There are three interesting points arising from the analysis of the three word lists.First,most of the words consisted of basic-level words.Second,from analysis of the degrees of word repetition,students only learn 2208 new words and there are1812 repeated words in the three stages.Third,from analysis of how much coverage of the three vocabulary families each of the three base lists provide,99.9%of the running words are in base word list one,two and three.Based on these viewpoints,basic words should be identified scientifically and educationally for Chinese learners of English.

基于“互联网+”的家庭-学校-个人三位一体管理模式在桂西地区学龄期哮喘患儿延续护理中的应用效果

目的探究基于“互联网+”的家庭-学校-个人三位一体管理模式在桂西地区学龄期哮喘患儿延续护理中的应用效果。方法选取儿内科出院的82例学龄期哮喘患儿为研究对象,其中2018年2月1日至2020年2月28日出院的37例患儿为对照组,2020年3月1日至2022年2月28日出院的45例患儿为观察组。对照组实施常规延续护理,观察组在对照组基础上实施基于“互联网+”的家庭-学校-个人三位一体管理模式。比较两组的干预效果。结果干预后,观察组的日常生活管理、疾病医学管理、情绪认知管理评分及总分高于对照组(P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的患儿日常生活、疾病管理能力、父母相互支持评分高于对照组,疾病精力消耗、疾病管理困难及疾病影响担心评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组的哮喘总控制率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论基于“互联网+”的家庭-学校-个人三位一体管理模式在桂西地区学龄期哮喘患儿延续性护理中取得显著应用价值。

家庭教养方式与青少年厌学的关系

为探讨家庭教养方式与青少年厌学情绪之间的关系,采用父母教养方式问卷、厌学问卷对陕西关中地区的431名中学生进行问卷调查。研究结果发现,教养方式各维度与青少年厌学情绪均呈显著负相关;男生在厌学情绪、厌学性格和厌学行为等维度上的得分显著高于女生;城市比乡镇和农村学生更加厌学;独生子女比非独生子女更加厌学。未来可从加强家校合作、促进情感沟通,优化资源配置、促进城乡教育均衡发展,转变教育观念、关注个性化需求等方面入手解决青少年厌学问题。父母双方在管教孩子时要态度一致、严慈相济,方能促进孩子的学习。

河南孟州卢氏温阳通脉学术流派与临证经验

河南孟州卢氏温阳通脉学术流派是河南中医学术流派的典型代表之一,创立者卢昭在多年的临床实践中形成了以温中祛寒、通络回阳为治则;温补心阳、温补脾阳、温补肾阳为方法的温阳通脉学术思想。第二代传承人卢作斌擅长在温阳通脉学术思想指导下,使用附子、干姜、吴茱萸、当归、黄芪、白术、香附、川芎、丁香、续断、茯苓等药物,以化瘀通经、温经散寒、温阳止痛等法,治疗闭经、崩漏、不孕、痛经等妇科疾病及中医内科杂症。第三代传承人卢敬业擅长诊治中医内科、妇科、儿科等疑难杂症,并积极传承中医临床经验,培养基层中医药人才。第四代传承人卢海涛擅长治疗心脑血管及肝胃病。第五代传承人卢晓峰擅长治疗类风湿关节炎、强直性脊柱炎等风湿骨关节病、肝胃病、中风后遗症,以及眩晕、头痛等疾病。学派以卢氏“本仁堂”药铺为依托,临证诊病,阴阳为纲;治病疗疾,注重扶阳;宗师仲景,推崇经方;回阳救逆,重用附子;兼辨阴证,综合而治,特长显著,流派特色鲜明,在治疗胸痹心痛、风寒湿痹、骨痹及妇科疑难杂症方面具有独特经验。