Visco chop-a new technique for nucleus separation for soft cataracts in femtolaser assisted cataract surgery

【正】INTRODUCTION Femtosecond laser technology,introduced clinically for ophthalmic surgery as a technique for creating lamellar flaps in laser in situ keratomileusis(LASIK),has recently been developed into a tool for cataract surgery.Preliminary experience for femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery show appropriate safety and efficacy,and possible advantage over conventional cataract surgery[1-4].The ability of the femtosecond laser to fragment the lens results in the need for less ultrasound energy to be expended inside the eye.Several studies indicate that less effective phacoemulsification time is needed to emulsify the lens

Short-Term Load Forecasting Using Soft Computing Techniques

Electric load forecasting is essential for developing a power supply strategy to improve the reliability of the ac power line data network and provide optimal load scheduling for developing countries where the demand is increased with high growth rate. In this paper, a short-term load forecasting realized by a generalized neuron–wavelet method is proposed. The proposed method consists of wavelet transform and soft computing technique. The wavelet transform splits up load time series into coarse and detail components to be the features for soft computing techniques using Generalized Neurons Network (GNN). The soft computing techniques forecast each component separately. The modified GNN performs better than the traditional GNN. At the end all forecasted components is summed up to produce final forecasting load.

SPECTRAL TECHNIQUES AND SOFT COMPUTING

Soft Computing denotes a set of paradigma related to cognitive modelling, which in the last years have been intensively studied, since important synergy effects among members of this set have been disclosed. Because of this, Soft Computing has emerged as an environment to effectively work with red world complex problems. Fuzzy Logic, Genetic Algorithms and Neural Networks are possibly the best known representatives of Soft Computing. In this paper we show how Spectral Techniques may help to further study these subjects or to improve their performance. The name Spectral Techniques comprises Methods and Applications based on Abstract Harmonic Analysis.

Techniques and Apparatus for Measuring Rotational Core Losses of Soft Magnetic Materials

In many situations such as the cores of a rotating electrical machine and the T joints of a multiphase transformer, the local flux density varies with time in terms of both magnitude and direction, i.e. the flux density vector is rotating. Therefore, the magnetic properties of the core materials under the rotating flux density vector excitation should be properly measured, modeled and applied in the design and analysis of these electromagnetic devices. This paper presents an extensive review on the development of techniques and apparatus for measuring the rotational core losses of soft magnetic materials based on the experiences of various researchers in the last hundred years.

Performance of fixed geosynthetic technique of GRPS embankment

Geosynthetic-reinforced and pile-supported （GRPS） embankment has been increasingly constructed in a large number of regions and for a wide range of projects in the past decades. However, many disadvantages are exposed through a lot of applications on conventional technique of GRPS embankment （called CT embankment）, i.e., intolerable settlement and lateral displacement, low geosynthetic efficiency, etc. In view of these disadvantages, the fixed geosynthetic technique of GRPS embankment （called FGT embankment） is developed in this work. In this system, the geosynthetic is fixed on the pile head by the steel bar fulcrum and concrete fixed top. The principles and construction techniques involved in the FGT embankment are described firstly. Then, the numerical analysis method and two-stage analysis method are used to study the performance of FGT embankment, respectively. It is shown that the FGT embankment can provide a better improvement technique to construct a high embankment over soft ground.

Positional release techniques as a diagnostic-therapeutic approach in physiotherapy

Manual Therapy is a rehabilitative approach based on the use of therapeutic procedures that includes several techniques, but this paper focuses on what is known as Positional Release (PR), a therapeutic model that includes a series of manoeuvres that are mainly used for the treatment of soft tissue. A deeper understanding of this type of therapeutic approach, especially its well known and widespread variant, Strain-Counterstrain, could, through controlled trials and systematic reviews, confirm its effectiveness, definitively explain the neurophysiological mechanism, and therefore make Positional Release another indispensable option in the professional expertise of the physiotherapist.

Methods and Techniques of Electricity Thieving in Pakistan

The situation of electricity in Pakistan has been alarming from the last ten years. The deficiency in electricity has not only obstructed the business activities but also affected the domestic consumers, educational institutes and hospitals. Usually electrical power companies are liable for electricity shortfall and power interruption. However, electricity end consumers are also equally responsible behind strange shortfall and unusual power interruption. Frequently, the consumers use the heavy electrical equipment in their homes including heaters, geysers, irons and water motors which causes the more electricity consumption, load shedding and huge amount of bills. For escaping the huge amount of electricity bill, the consumers commit the illegal and unethical connections. The illegal usage of electrical power failed the power companies to plan schedule load shedding accordingly and the other side the damaged electricity wires or Pole Mount Transformer increased faults due to overburdening, which directly affected on extend power interruption. In addition that, responsible teams of electrical power companies cannot reach instantly to repair faults and prevent the theft. Electricity thieving is social crime committed by the consumers or meter readers which causes the electricity strange shortfall within country. This paper presents the practical demonstration about the common energy theft methods and techniques done by electricity consumers within their home and residential building. In Pakistan EPC (electrical power companies) deploy the traditional electromechanical meters for electricity consumption measurements, however, these meters do not have any real time communication. Therefore there are many easy ways to manipulate the meter reading as well as internal structural of metering system.

Recent advances in lithographic fabrication of micro-/nanostructured polydimethylsiloxanes and their soft electronic applications

The intensive development of micro-/nanotechnologies offers a new route to construct sophisticated architectures of emerging soft electronics.Among the many classes of stretchable materials,micro-/nanostructured poly(dimethylsiloxane)(PDMS)has emerged as a vital building block based on its merits of flexibility,stretchability,simple processing,and,more importantly,high degrees of freedom of incorporation with other functional materials,including metals and semiconductors.The artificially designed geometries play important roles in achieving the desired mechanical and electrical performances of devices and thus show great potential for applications in the fields of stretchable displays,sensors and actuators as well as in health-monitoring device platforms.Meanwhile,novel lithographic methods to produce stretchable platforms with superb reliability have recently attracted research interest.The aim of this review is to comprehensively summarize the progress regarding micro-/nanostructured PDMS and their promising soft electronic applications.This review is concluded with a brief outlook and further research directions.

NEW THEORY IN TUNNEL STABLILITY CONTROL OF SOFT ROCK──MECHANICS OF SOFT ROCK ENGINEERING

Tunnel stability control is a world-wide difficult problem. For the sake of solving it,the new theory of soft rock engineering mechanics has been estabilished. Some key points,such as the definition and classification of soft rock, mechanical deformation mechanism of a soft rock tunnel, the critical support technique of soft rock tunnel and the new theory of the soft rock tunnel stability control are proposed in this paper.

Confinement-induced nanocrystal alignment of conjugated polymer by the soft-stamped nanoimprint lithography

Soft-stamped nanoimprint lithography（NIL） is considered as one of the most effective processes of nanoscale patterning because of its low cost and high throughput. In this work, this method is used to emboss the poly（9, 9-dioctylfluorene）film. By reducing the linewidth of the nanogratings on the stamp, the orientations of nanocrystals are confined along the grating vector in the nanoimprint process, where the confinement linewidth is comparable to the geometrical size of the nanocrystal. When the linewidth is about 400 nm, the poly（9, 9-dioctylfluorene）（PFO） nanocrystals could be orderly arranged in the nanogratings, so that both pattern transfer and well-aligned nanocrystal arrangement could be achieved in a single step by the soft-stamped NIL. The relevant mechanism of the nanocrystalline alignment in these nanogratings is fully discussed. The modulation of nanocrystal alignment is of benefit to the charge mobilities and other performances of PFO-based devices for the future applications.

Macrosegregation Quality Criteria and Mechanical Soft Reduction for Central Quality Problems in Continuous Casting of Steel

In order to study the central quality of continuously cast tool steel slabs, the simple model has been developed to simulate the macrosegregation quality criteria. The model calculates different quality criteria such as average macro-segregation level criterion “ASL”, its fluctuation level “FSL” and its segregation quality number “SQN”. These criteria are calculated based on the previous measurements of carbon and sulfur concentrations distributions in final region of spray zones and centerline area of lower and upper slab sides. The effect of mechanical soft reduction Technique “MSR” on the slab centerline quality is examined and analyzed. The model results show that MSR affects the quality of centerline areas significantly by different ways based on the casting speed. The experimental and theoretical results clarify that the qualities of different slab sides are different for all collected samples. The model results show also that the accuracy of the macro-segregation quality criteria increases quantitatively with increasing the number of analyzed segregated elements. Therefore, the macrosegregation quality criteria and their distributions can be considered as the most simple and vital tool to evaluate the various slab qualities. Finally, the mechanism of centerline segregation formation with mechanical soft reduction is discussed in this study.

The Electron Temperature Estimation Using Soft X-Ray Imaging in HT-7 Tokamak

In order to estimate the electron temperature soft x-ray imaging diagnostics using a double filter technique has been developed in the HT-7 tokamak. The chosen thicknesses of the Be foil are 12.5 μm and 70 μm, respectively. In this article both the main design of the diagnostic configuration and the method to estimate the electron temperature are presented. The results agree with those estimated from the soft x-ray pulse height analyzer （PHA）. The main causes of systematic error have also been investigated.

THERMO-PIEZOELECTRIC EFFECTS ON THE POSTBUCKLING OF AXIALLY-LOADED HYBRID LAMINATED CYLINDRICAL PANELS

A compressive postbuckling analysis is presented for a laminated cylinderical panel with piezoelectric actuators subjected to the combined action of mechanical, electrical and thermal loads. The temperature field considered is assumed to be a uniform distribution over the panel surface and through the panel thickness and the electric field is assumed to be the transverse component E_Z only. The material properties are assumed to be independent of the temperature and the electric field. The governing equations are based on the classical shell theory with von Krmn-Donnell-type of kinematic nonlinearity. The nonlinear prebuckling deformations and initial geometric imperfections of the panel are both taken into account. A boundary layer theory of shell buckling,which includes the effects of nonlinear prebuckling deformations, large deflections in the postbuckling range,and initial geometric imperfections of the shell,is extended to the case of hybrid laminated cylindrical panels of finite length. A singular perturbation technique is employed to determine the buckling loads and postbuckling equilibrium paths. The numerical illustrations concern the compressive postbuckling behavior of perfect and imperfect, cross-ply laminated cylindrical thin panels with fully covered or embedded piezoelectric actuators under different sets of thermal and electrical loading conditions.The effects played by temperature rise,applied voltage,stacking sequence,the character of in-plane boundary conditions,as well as initial geometric imperfections are studied.

POSTBUCKLING OF PRESSURE-LOADED SHEAR DEFORMABLE LAMINATED CYLINDRICAL PANELS

A postbuckling analysis is presented for a shear deformable laminated cylindrical panel of finite length subjected to lateral pressure. The governing equations are based on Reddy's higher order shear deformation shell theory with von Krmn_Donnell_type of kinematic nonlinearity. The nonlinear prebuckling deformations and initial geometric imperfections of the panel are both taken into account. A boundary layer theory of shell buckling, which includes the effects of nonlinear prebuckling deformations, large deflections in the postbuckling range, and initial geometric imperfections of the shell, is extended to the case of shear deformable laminated cylindrical panels under lateral pressure. A singular perturbation technique is employed to determine the buckling loads and postbuckling equilibrium paths. The numerical illustrations concern the postbuckling response of perfect and imperfect, moderately thick, cross_ply laminated cylindrical panels. The effects played by transverse shear deformation, panel geometric parameters, total number of plies, fiber orientation, and initial geometric imperfections are studied.

Soft ground tunnel lithology classification using clustering-guided light gradient boosting machine

During tunnel boring machine(TBM)excavation,lithology identification is an important issue to understand tunnelling performance and avoid time-consuming excavation.However,site investigation generally lacks ground samples and the information is subjective,heterogeneous,and imbalanced due to mixed ground conditions.In this study,an unsupervised(K-means)and synthetic minority oversampling technique(SMOTE)-guided light-gradient boosting machine(LightGBM)classifier is proposed to identify the soft ground tunnel classification and determine the imbalanced issue of tunnelling data.During the tunnel excavation,an earth pressure balance(EPB)TBM recorded 18 different operational parameters along with the three main tunnel lithologies.The proposed model is applied using Python low-code PyCaret library.Next,four decision tree-based classifiers were obtained in a short time period with automatic hyperparameter tuning to determine the best model for clustering-guided SMOTE application.In addition,the Shapley additive explanation(SHAP)was implemented to avoid the model black box problem.The proposed model was evaluated using different metrics such as accuracy,F1 score,precision,recall,and receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve to obtain a reasonable outcome for the minority class.It shows that the proposed model can provide significant tunnel lithology identification based on the operational parameters of EPB-TBM.The proposed method can be applied to heterogeneous tunnel formations with several TBM operational parameters to describe the tunnel lithologies for efficient tunnelling.

RESEARCH & DESIGN OF 60 kW SOFT-SWITCHING PLASMA CONVERTER

A novel 60 kW plasma converter with full range soft-switch by utilizing magnetizing inductance, leakage inductance and distributed inductance is introduced. The current injection phase-shifting technique is introduced into the research of soft-switching plasma converter successfully. The magnetic bias of transformer and the protection of switching parts are solved. The tests state that the power supply has excellent characteristics and higher efficiency and can meet the demand of large power plasma process well.

3D-DSA与Dyna-CT在颅内支架置入术中的临床应用研究

目的探讨三维DSA血管成像(3D-DSA)及数字平板造影机的C臂旋转并断层重建技术(DynaCT)在颅内支架置入术患者中的临床应用。方法选择2019年1月-2020年6月厦门大学附属中山医院收治92例颅内动脉狭窄患者,所有患者均行颅内支架置入术治疗,分为对照组(n=38例)和观察组(n=54例)。对照组采用3D-DSA引导,观察组采用DynaCT引导,术后进行12个月门诊随访,比较两组改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分、手术成功率、并发症、支架再狭窄及斑块检出率。结果观察组术后4个月、8个月及12个月mRS评分、支架成形术耗时低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组Dyna-CT的术前规划、观察到支架表面图像与术中所见吻合,手术成功率为83.33%,高于对照组63.16%(P<0.05);两组围术期并发症发生率无统计意义(P>0.05);观察组手术后进行12个月门诊随访,患者支架再狭窄、血管狭窄部位斑块检出率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论DynaCT用于颅内支架置入术中能改善患者症状,缩短支架成形术耗时,有助于提高手术成功率,未增加并发症发生率,能降低血管狭窄部位斑块检出率,值得推广应用。

急诊入院整形美容技术修复146例头面部软组织损伤患者的护理体会

目的总结急诊入院整形美容技术修复146例头面部软组织损伤患者的护理经验。方法选择2023年4月至2023年12月焦作市第二人民医院急诊科收治的146例头面部软组织损伤患者作为研究对象;创面类型为单处线性118例,单处缺损15例,多处创伤11例,贯穿伤2例。患者入院时做好评估,给予个性化心理护理缓解其不良情绪,术前向患者介绍整形美容技术的特点、费用,术中做好配合,术后做好创面护理和皮瓣护理,院外延续性护理对患者饮食和创面护理进行指导。结果单处线性创伤118例患者,均一期愈合,术后9例遗留瘢痕,切口长度均≥5 cm;单处缺损15例,2例患者缺损面积较大,需进行二期肉芽创面植皮,为二期愈合;其余13例均为1期愈合,3例患者遗留瘢痕。多处创伤11例,均一期愈合,未见遗留明显瘢痕。贯穿伤2例患者均一期愈合,未遗留瘢痕。结论整形美容技术是急诊科修复头面部软组织损伤的主要方式,对术前评估和针对性的心理护理、术前沟通,可促进患者对整形美容技术的理解和应用,术后护理和延续性护理,可保证术后修复美容效果。

CFG桩在公路软土地基处理中的应用研究

为提高软土地基承载力和稳定性,论文依托实际工程,将水泥、粉煤灰、赤泥和再生砖骨料作为原材料制作CFG桩,将其应用于软土地基中,形成复合地基,并通过室内试验检测新拌混凝土立方体的抗压强度,评价CFG桩的力学性能。研究结果为,当赤泥掺量为10%,粉煤灰掺量为10%,再生砖骨料掺量为40%时,3 d、7 d和28 d抗压强度分别为22.63 MPa、16.98 MPa和33.96 MPa,不仅满足强度性能要求,还提高了建筑固体废弃物的再生利用率。最后,总结了CFG桩在软土地基处理中的施工技术要点。

计及改进粒子群算法优化BP神经网络的沼气产量软测量预测模型

为准确预测大中型沼气工程的日产气量,提出一种利用基于PSO-BP模型的软测量方法。首先,依托软测量技术选取参数;其次,以进料量、发酵温度、液位、罐内液压等参数作为输入量,沼气日产量为输出量进行模型建立。在此基础上,使用线性降低权重系数法和引入变异算子对粒子群算法进行改进,并对BP神经网络进行初始化来提高模型性能。通过实验比较改进PSO-BP模型、传统BP神经网络以及遗传算法优化的BP神经网络在预测沼气日产量方面的性能,采用改进的PSO-BP模型进行预测时,均方根误差(RMSE)、决定系数(R2)和平均绝对误差(MAE)分别为1.38440、0.84011和1.00910,证明改进PSO-BP模型结合软测量技术对进行复杂非线性牛粪高温厌氧发酵过程预测的可行性,同时可保证预测结果的精准性。