The Substance and Cultural Connotations of Treating Prior to Disease

The substance of treating prior to disease in Traditional Chinese Medicine expects to dissipate symptoms before the disease occurs and maintain health until centenarian.This concept is a collective reflection of the intrinsic awareness of suffering by Chinese people.Moreover,its cultural connotations involve emphasis on preparation for adversity in times of safety and taking anticipative measures.

Studies on Fermentation Conditions of Antimicrobial Substances Produced by Brevibacillus laterosporus BL-21

[Objective] Brevibacil us laterosporus BL-21 was inhibitory to Gibberel a sanbinetti, Fusarium graminearum Magnaporthe grisea and many other phy-topathogenic fungi. Antimicrobial substances can be increased through optimizing the medium of Brevibacil us laterosporus. [Method] A total of 10 factors were tested for their function of improving antibiotics yield of BL-21 by single-factor test. And the indicative bacterium was screened. [Result] The best indicative bacterium was Al-ternaria solani, the optimum process parameters in shaking flask on fermentation consisted of initial pH of 8.0, culture at 30 ℃, loadage 90 ml/250 ml, rotation 180 r/min, and fermentation time of 48 h. The results also indicated that glucose was the best carbon source for the antibiotics productivity of BL-21, and beef extract was the best nitrogen source. In addition, univalent ion Cl＋ and divalent ion Mn2＋ stimu-lated BL-21 antibacterial active component biosynthesis. [Conclusion] Optimized medi-um is more conducive to produce antimicrobial substances.

Integrative rodent models for assessing male reproductive toxicity of environmental endocrine active substances

In the present review, we first summarize the main benefits, limitations and pitfalls of conventional in vivo approaches to assessing male reproductive structures and functions in rodents in cases of endocrine active substance （EAS） exposure from the postulate that they may provide data that can be extrapolated to humans. Then, we briefly present some integrated approaches in rodents we have recently developed at the organism level. We particularly focus on the possible effects and modes of action （MOA） of these substances at low doses and in mixtures, real-life conditions and at the organ level, deciphering the precise effects and MOA on the fetal testis. It can be considered that the in vivo experimental EAS exposure of rodents remains the first choice for studies and is a necessary tool （together with the epidemiological approach） for understanding the reproductive effects and MOA of EASs, provided the pitfalls and limitations of the rodent models are known and considered. We also provide some evidence that classical rodent models may be refined for studying the multiple consequences of EAS exposure, not only on the reproductive axis but also on various hormonally regulated organs and tissues, among which several are implicated in the complex process of mammalian reproduction. Such models constitute an interesting way of approaching human exposure conditions. Finally, we show that organotypic culture models are powerful complementary tools, especially when focusing on the MOA. All these approaches have contributed in a combinatorial manner to a better understanding of the impact of EAS exposure on human reproduction.

Observations on the Contraction and Movement of Fat-Storing Cells in Culture

The Wister fat-storing cells were isolated by perfusion with collagenase and centrifugation with metrizamide density cushion technique and cultured in vitro. The fatstoring cells were confirmed by the presentation of the lipid drop in the cytoplasm and the visualization of dismin with anti-dismin antibody by using indirect immunofluorescence method. By the videotape recorder (VIR) and the imagine analysis system, we observed the wandering immigration, the abrupt contraction of fat-storing cells with spike, then becoming a ball-like shape in its division phase. After that the cell began to extend and the contraction of these cells can be induced by the presence of 10-2 mmol/L endothelin-1 , 1 mmol/L of substance P and 2×10-5 mmol/L noradrenalin. After removal of these agents the contracted cells would become extended. All these findings indicate that the fat-storing cells have ability of contraction and movement.

Towards Closing the Language & Culture Gap: A Pedagogical Approach

This paper advances an approach to culture and language instruction through the theoretical construct of the 3Ps (Products, Practices, Perspectives), combined with an inquiry-based approach utilizing the theory on stages of second language acquisition. Culture elements, when embodied in a properly developed and organized curriculum can be systematically implemented all along the different phases of language growth. Mastery of a language is not simply mastery of vocabulary as well as grammar and spelling rules. The most successful language learners learn both culture and language together. The conceptualizations provided by research, although at times conflicting, form a useful foundation for language teaching that provides a deeper and a more enriching human experience. Making culture the core in a language class is akin to asserting the obvious (Furstenberg, 2010);they are two flip sides of the same coin. With its focus on revisiting the role of culture in the FL Classroom, the paper seems to fall into the same category - affirming the tried and true, but like Furstenberg, the author believes there is good reason to re-consider the possibility of closing the language and culture gap.

Book Review:Contacts and Contrasts in Cultures and Languages:Edited by Barbara Lewandowska-Tomaszczyk,Springer(2019)Switzerland pp.233 ISBN 978-3-030-04981-2

The book under review presents contrasts,contacts and interconnections and about similarity,hybridity and differences in languages and cultures by case study.It provides descriptions and interpretations of social and cognitive phenomena as well as processes that emerge at the interface of languages and cultures in the context of contrastive and contact linguistics and media discourse.Different contexts are explored with rich empirical findings and authentic materials.

A Case Study of Adult Learners' Second Language Acquisition Strategy and Cultural Connotation in Vocabulary Learning

Continuing education is one of the most important components of modern education. In continuing education, due to the aging and the constraints in foreign language proficiency, the second language acquisition(SLA) strategies adopted by adult learners are distinguished from what of the college students. This case study explores adult learners' SLA strategies in order to find the most frequently used ones and manages to discover better teaching approaches for teachers and efficient learning skills for learners. The conclusions are drawn as follows:(i) the six strategies are adopted only at a medium level, which means that none of them reveals a conspicuous higher or lower preference. Even though, metacognitive, compensation, affective and social strategies are of higher averages. Metacognitive and compensation strategies, with lower standard deviations, are more commonly and widely employed by learners.(ii) to better orientate adult learners' learning habits, the cultural connotation pedagogy in vocabulary teaching, welcomed by students, has greatly intrigued the study interests and promoted teaching efficiency.

Study of Second Language Writing:Contrastive Rhetoric——Cultural Thought P atterns in Inter-cultural Education by Robert B.Kaplan

Contrastive rhetoric is an area of research in second language acquisition that identifies problems in composition en?countered by second language writers and, by referring to the rhetorical strategies of the first language, which attempts to explain them.The article'Cultural Thought Patterns in Inter-cultural Education by Robert B.Kaplan' indicates that different ways of under?standing language and writing styles.The English style is linear while the oriental is spiral.The author gives suggestions how to help those from other cultures learn how to write in acceptable academic English.However,he points out this is not because it is the cor?rect way but because it helps the students attain their goal of academic success.A student can write an adequate essay in his native language,can he write an adequate essay in a second language? In the following paragraphs,I will go to the details to present the lit?erature review,some case analysis,discussion and so on. It's about the contractive rhetoric based on the article of Robert B.Kaplan, then give conclusion.

The Synthesis of Aspects on the Management of Second Language Teaching

Principles which teachers should adhere to in second language class are based on the synthesis of linguistic,cultural and competent aspects.This paper first puts forward linguistic,cultural and competent aspects of second language teaching.Then,the principles which teachers should adhere to in second language class are introduced.Finally,the synthesis implication for second language teaching is presented.

SECOND LIFE在大学英语跨文化教学中的应用

我国当代大学英语跨文化教学存在实践环境不足、教师和学生交互性差等问题。一种基于Second Life平台的大学英语跨文化教学实践新模式,可以为大学英语教学构建一个多维度的真实语言环境,既提升学生的跨文化交际能力,又提升教师的综合能力。

文明叙事:习近平文化思想的方法论审视

文明是中国共产党百余年推进马克思主义中国化时代化的核心线索,文明叙事是中国共产党历史叙事的重要维度,也是习近平文化思想的重要方法论。习近平文化思想的深厚文明意蕴体现在四个方面:一是从历史纵深出发把握“走自己的路”的文明基因,即从中华5000多年文明的历史传承中把握中国道路的来龙去脉及其内在逻辑必然;二是以“第二个结合”为根本方法,重塑发展中华文明的使命担当,不断推动建设中华民族现代文明实现传统文明的现代新生;三是坚守文明超越理念,将新文明的建构与中国式现代化的现实实践相互关联,以中国式现代化创造人类文明新形态,打破西方以资本逻辑为核心的形而上学抽象文明观的历史困境;四是坚持文明交流互鉴,推动落实全球文明倡议,构建人类文明交往新范式。

Effects of substance P on growth of fibroblast-like cells derived from bile duct： an in vitro cell culture study

Background The possible role of substance P （SP） during wound healing has been the primary research focus in recent years,but its effect on the healing process after bile duct injury is little understood.This study aimed to investigate the effects of SP on growth of fibroblast-like cells derived from rabbit bile duct.Methods Fibroblast-like cells derived from rabbit bile duct were identified and divided randomly into control and experimental groups.SP-treated cells at different concentrations of 10^-9-10^-5 mol/L and control group were incubated,respectively,for 48 hours.After incubating,the effects of SP on cell proliferation were assessed by cell counts and MTT test.Apoptosis rate （AR） of cells was measured by flow cytometry.Results Cultured rabbit bile duct cells were fibroblast-like in morphology,and these cells were stained positively for vimentin and negatively for desmin.After SP was added to nonconfluent cells for 48 hours,cell numbers were significantly increased in experimental groups than in controls （P 〈0.05）.The maximum stimulation of cell proliferation was achieved at SP of 10^-5 mol/L.Bile duct fibroblast-like cells in the SP group showed a higher proliferating activity and lower AR than those in the control group or in the SP ＋ Spantide group （P 〈0.05）.Spantide partly inhibited the effects of SP on fibroblastlike cells.Examination under transmission electron microscopy revealed rough endoplasmic reticulum and prominent Golgi complexes after SP treatment.Conclusions SP has a growth regulatory property on cultivated bile duct fibroblast-like cells in vitro,suggesting that SP may involve in wound healing after bile duct injury by promoting wound fibroblast proliferation and inhibiting apoptosis and participate in pathological scar formation.

The Application of Heuristic Teaching in the Cultivation of College Stu⁃ dents’English Cultural Consciousness

The purpose of college English education is not only to cultivate students’ability to learn English independently,but al⁃so to improve their comprehensive cultural literacy to meet the needs of China’s social development and international exchanges.However,teachers have often neglected the cultivation of students’cultural consciousness because of the influence of traditional teaching mode.This paper proposes that heuristic teaching mode should be adopted.Teachers should focus on students’subjective status in the teaching process and exert external factors to induce students’subjective initiative in cultivating their culture con⁃sciousness.Therefore,this article will make a concrete analysis of the practical application of heuristic teaching mode in college classrooms from three perspectives:the definition and significance of heuristic teaching,the premise of heuristic teaching,and how to implement it.

习近平文化思想的价值、特质与内在逻辑

习近平文化思想坚持马克思主义的立场观点方法,坚守中华文化立场,是习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想的文化篇,是中国共产党最新的文化思想成果。习近平文化思想明确了新时代文化建设的路线图和任务书,具有鲜明的实践导向性,为新形势下宣传思想文化工作提供了强大思想武器和科学行动指南。习近平文化思想具有丰富的价值意蕴,丰富和发展了马克思主义文化理论,指明和标注了新时代新的文化使命,也为实现中华民族伟大复兴提供行动指南并注入强大精神动力。习近平文化思想展现出了时代特质,坚守人民立场和政治底色、坚持宏微结合和体用贯通,并彰显了民族特性与世界眼光。习近平文化思想坚持和实现了历史性与现实性的统一,文化本体与文化形态的统一,合规律性与合目的性的统一,内在发展和外在保障的统一。把握习近平文化思想的内在逻辑,有利于深刻认识和理解习近平文化思想生成、存在和发展的内外动因。

Teaching about Different Lifestyles in Second Language Learning

Cultural learning is an indispensible part in both first and second language learning.One cannot learn a language without learning the culture where it operates.This literature review aims to clarify the relationship between language and culture and arouse language teachers' consciousness of the benefits of integrating cultural teaching into language learning in second language classrooms by addressing the question:What are the benefits of combining language teaching and cultural teaching? Consequently it explains the nature of different lifestyles in different cultures and the process of second language learning.Also,it explores the significance of cultural awareness in second language learning and teaching and the strategies to incorporate lifestyles into second language teaching.The findings of this literature review strongly suggest the importance for second language teachers to incorporate culture into classroom teaching.Learning a second language cannot be separated from learning the target culture which facilitates successful language learning and reduces prejudice,misunderstanding and stereotyped notions towards the target language group.

中华文化主体性的总体性呈现

中华文化主体性是深刻理解习近平文化思想作为强大思想武器和科学行动指南的核心概念,要从更悠远的历史纵深、更宽阔的时代视野、更美好的未来图景的协调贯通中加以总体性呈现。中华文化主体性以中华历史文化传统为立基之本,以铸牢中华民族共同体意识为现实关注,以中华优秀传统文化“接着讲”为核心命题,由此确立了本土化定位的基本依据。中华文化主体性意味着中国式现代化在打破“现代化=西方化”的迷思中确立了高度的主体自觉,在深化“第二个结合”的理解中坚定了强烈的文化自信,在推进全体人民精神富有的历程中找准了明确的价值目标,由此明确了现代化追求的内生动力。中华文化主体性渗透着世界文明交流互鉴的根本原则,蕴含着建设中华民族现代文明的世界意义,彰显着人类文明新形态的光明前景,由此展现了全球化发展的开放胸怀。中华文化主体性是新时代中国特色社会主义文化建设实现传统赓续发展、精神独立自主和文明交流互鉴三方面贯通融合、有机统一的充分彰显。

The Interference of First Language in Second Language Learning

Second Language Acquisition mainly contributes to the process of second language learning to provide a scientific explanation for language learners’language ability and communicative ability.This paper focuses on the learners whose first language is Chinese and learn English as a second language,and analyzes the interference brought by first language from the perspective of the lexicon,grammar,and cultural differences to analyze the factors causing a negative impact on second language learning.

Indicate the Ways in which‘The Destructors’and‘The Blush’Deal with Cultural and Social Issues Pertinent to the Time in Which They Were Written

The Second World War exerted tremendous influence on British society.The way British people think also changed to different extents.The British society was enveloped in haze and fear,while works revealing the social reality were produced.Adopt⁃ing critical thinking,this essay compared‘The Destructors’and‘The Blush’to explore how the backgrounds,characters,themes and unexpected factors in respective works are related to cultural and social issues of the post-war time.It also revealed the effects of the Second World War on the society.

中国式现代化与文化主体性建构

文化主体性是跨文化视域中民族文化自我意识的集中彰显,是文化自信的根本依托,展现了面向民族文化的整体图景。历史和现实揭示,中国式现代化同文化主体性建构具有深刻关联。一方面,中国的现代化践履塑造着文化主体性:在封建社会中文化主体性以文化基本精神的潜在形式呈现,中国共产党对现代化的探索历程使中华文化主体性实现了从内隐到外显的变革,同时在拓展叙事空间的意义上将文化主体性建构推向新的高度。另一方面,文化主体性给中国式现代化提供了能动力量:文化主体性强化着中国式现代化探索的自我意识,夯实着中国式现代化的文化根基,同时赋予中国式现代化鲜明的中国特色。在行动策略上,新时代继续推进文化主体性建构必须深刻认识中国式现代化和文化主体性同向而行的关系,坚持高质量发展、推进中国式现代化,以丰富文化主体性所展开的经济社会基础;深化“第二个结合”,推进中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化和创新性发展,创造彰显文化主体性的中国式现代化的文化形态。

习近平文化思想的鲜明品格:明体达用、体用贯通

习近平文化思想既在理论上实现了守正创新,又在实践中为新时代文化建设谋篇布局,彰显了“明体达用、体用贯通”的鲜明品格。“明体达用、体用贯通”的鲜明品格承袭于中国哲学视域下的“体用不二”观,吸纳了近代“体用”之辩与“中西”之争所蕴含的“体用一源”的精神实质及实践内核。“明体达用、体用贯通”的鲜明品格在理论上实现了对中国哲学“体用不二”观的守正创新,在文化建设、意识形态建设实践中发挥了改革开放以来前所未有的实践效能,体现了习近平文化思想人民性的本质属性,彰显了解答“体用关系”理论难题、构建中华民族现代文明等重大时代意义。深刻体悟这一鲜明品格,是准确把握习近平文化思想、做好新时代宣传思想文化工作、肩负起实现新的文化使命的责任担当的题中应有之义。