Three-talk决策模式干预对急性脑梗死病人神经功能恢复和心理状态的影响

目的:探讨Three-talk决策模式干预对急性脑梗死病人神经功能恢复和心理状态的影响。方法:选取急性脑梗死病人80例,随机分为对照组和观察组,各40例。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在常规护理基础上给予Three-talk决策模式(包括团队会谈、选择会谈、决策会谈)干预,比较2组病人干预前和干预1个月后的负性情绪、肢体肌力、运动功能、吞咽功能和自我护理能力(ESEA)评分。结果:干预前,2组病人焦虑、抑郁、肢体肌力、运动功能、吞咽功能和ESEA评分差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预1个月后,观察组焦虑、抑郁和吞咽功能评分均明显低于对照组(P<0.01),肢体肌力、运动功能、ESEA评分均明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结论:Three-talk决策模式干预有助于缓解急性脑梗死病人的焦虑、抑郁情绪,帮助病人实现肢体肌力、运动及吞咽功能的恢复,进而提高其自我护理能力。

融合MacBERT和Talking⁃Heads Attention实体关系联合抽取模型

针对现有的医学文本关系抽取任务模型在训练过程中存在语义理解能力不足,可能导致关系抽取的效果不尽人意的问题,文中提出一种融合MacBERT和Talking⁃Heads Attention的实体关系联合抽取模型。该模型首先利用MacBERT语言模型来获取动态字向量表达,MacBERT作为改进的BERT模型,能够减少预训练和微调阶段之间的差异,从而提高模型的泛化能力;然后,将这些动态字向量表达输入到双向门控循环单元(BiGRU)中,以便提取文本的上下文特征。BiGRU是一种改进的循环神经网络(RNN),具有更好的长期依赖捕获能力。在获取文本上下文特征之后,使用Talking⁃Heads Attention来获取全局特征。Talking⁃Heads Attention是一种自注意力机制,可以捕获文本中不同位置之间的关系,从而提高关系抽取的准确性。实验结果表明,与实体关系联合抽取模型GRTE相比,该模型F1值提升1%,precision值提升0.4%,recall值提升1.5%。

Delivering forestry courses online:experiences,lessons learned,and future of forestry online education in the Asia Pacifi c

Innovation in forestry education is needed to address changing contexts of the positionality of forests.This is particularly signifi cant in the Asia–Pacifi c region,where deforestation and degradation are high.However,the accessibility of high-quality forestry education to address changing regional and global contexts is lacking.A series of innovative sustainable forest management(SFM)open education resource(OER)courses were developed and implemented to improve the accessibility of SFM education to enhance teaching quality,curriculum,and research capacity of universities in the Asia-Pacifi c Region.To evaluate the SFM-OER program in terms of student experiences,this study investigated student achievement,perceived success of the pedagogical approach and instructional design,and perceived eff ectiveness of the learning activities in promoting active and transformative learning through the assessment of a 1,191-course feedback survey between 2018 and 2020,including the global pandemic.This study revealed that the program attracted diverse student demographics,including a higher proportion of female students majoring in forestry,ecology,and other environmental studies.Their primary motivation to participate in the courses was to gain international experience,followed by the fl exibility of online learning,mandatory course requirements,and earning course credits.Students were satisfi ed with the Canvas learning management system.Most students spent less than 5 to 10 h of their weekly time in the course and agreed or strongly agreed that the workloads were manageable.Students refl ected positively on various learning activities and assignments,such as watching lecture videos,taking quizzes,reading and summarizing,having discussions,and peer review writing.However,they did not clearly prefer specifi c learning activities,signifying the importance of using diverse learning activities to satisfy diverse individual learning styles in online settings.This analysis contributes to the further development of student-centered pedagogical development for online learning and provides insight into the ways forward for online higher forestry education,while repurposing existing OER courses in a post-Covid-19 era.

Lessons learned from hydrothermal to hot dry rock exploration and production

In this paper,we investigate geothermal exploration and production in 189 hydrothermal projects and 42 hot dry rock projects around the world.The hydrothermal fields for a working hydrothermal system to generate electricity should have the elements of heat source,water-saturated porous or fractured reservoir,caprock,heat transfer pathway,and good heat preservation condition and geothermal power energy intensity of 10-20 MW per km^(2)within at least 5 km^(2)area in tectonically active region.The hot water or steam flow rate in this hydrothermal system is normally larger than 40 L/s with temperature of 150℃or above.The power generated from enhanced geothermal system(EGS)in hot dry rock projects are generally less than 2 MW because the flow rate in most cases is much less than 40 L/s even with the hydraulic fractures using the modern stimulation technology learned from the oil and gas industry.The natural fracture in the subsurface is generally beneficial to the hydraulic fracturing and heat recovery in the hot dry rock.Moreover,the hydraulic fracture parameters,injection rate and well spacing,drilling strategy should be properly designed to avoid the short-circuit between injector and producer and low heat productivity.In the future,CO^(2)enhanced geothermal recovery associated with CO^(2)sequestration in the high temperature oil,gas,and geothermal fields maybe a good choice.On the other hand,both nearreal-time seismic monitoring to limit the pumping rate and the closed-loop of the Eavor-Loop style system without hydraulic fracture can contribute greatly to heat recovery of hot dry rocks and mitigate the risks of the hydraulic fracturing induced earthquake.Furthermore,the hybrid solar and geothermal system performs better than the stand-alone geothermal system.

语域理论视角下的小学英语听说课情境设计——以PEP《英语》中的Let’s talk板块为例

针对教师在听说课的口语情境设计、语篇分析和课堂实践方面存在的问题,可以从语域理论进行思考。语域指的是与某一情境组成的语场、语旨、语式有关的语义集合。其中,语场、语旨、语式分别指伴随语言进行的社会活动、涉及的任务角色以及语言所采用的符号或修辞手段。PEP《英语》中的Let’s talk板块是典型的听说课。教学时,教师可以关注观察与分析、归纳与判断、迁移与创新三个方面,通过“聚焦语场,挖掘语义;关注语式,重视人文;立意语旨,综合创新”等方式,使听说课教学更具人文情怀,使学生学会学习,实现实践创新,提升思维能力。

互动 高效 创生——Unit 3 I like jiaozi best Lesson 9教学设计

创新整合点。本课借助信息技术教学有效地化抽象为具体,把难以理解的内容或者对理解知识起重要作用的内容,用多媒体展现出来,调动学生视觉功能,通过直观形象、生动的感官刺激,让学生最大限度地发挥潜能,在有限的时间里,全方位感知更多的信息,提高教学效率,激活学习的内因。

论英语书面表达与Free talk的有机融合

在英语学习中,Free talk是说的能力,书面表达是写的能力,二者互相联系又相互促进,要有机融合,才能促进英语水平的有效提高。一、初中英语书面表达现状。在初中英语质量检测中,学生词汇贫乏、句型单一、结构松散、逻辑混乱的问题普遍存在。第一,受母语的影响导致汉语式英语,类似“I by bike to school every day”的表达司空见惯。

Effectiveness Study of Lead-in of New Lessons in Classroom Teaching

English teaching is an integral part of education,which shoulders the responsibility of rendering rudimentary knowledge of English to the students,providing the students with the listening,speaking,reading and writing ability,as well as the obligation of carrying out ideological education and cultivating their noble and healthy sentiment.In teaching,the teachers should pay special attention to the students' thirst for English learning and give full play to their initiative,which demands enough lead-in preparation before class.The lead-in of new lessons bears a direct impact on the quality of the classroom teaching.This thesis will make an analysis of this problem in two aspects.

Lessons learned from Wenchuan earthquake for seismic safety of large dams

This paper describes some special features of the Wenchuan earthquake that affected dam safety. Damage and performance of dams, primarily for four dams over 100 m high located in the affected earthquake area, are briefly described. Lessons learned related to dam safety from this devastating earthquake are preliminarily drawn. As the seismic safety of high dams during strong earthquakes has gained more attention around the world, some critical issues related to dam construction in China are considered and extensively discussed. Questions such as ＂Why is dam construction necessary in earthquake prone countries such as China？＂, ＂Can we accurately evaluate the seismic safety of high dams in China？＂, ＂Did reservoir impounding of the Zipingpu and Three Gorges Projects trigger the Wenchuan Earthquake in some way？＂ and ＂What is the strategic priority of dam safety for large dams in China？＂ are discussed. Finally, the corresponding tactics with response to the challenge are suggested and recent preliminary progress mainly achieved in IWHR is briefly introduced.

基于肠源性高密度脂蛋白调控脂多糖介导Kupffer-肝细胞Cross-Talk探讨脾虚膏脂转输障碍的分子生物学基础

脾虚膏脂转输障碍是血脂异常的关键病机。脾失健运引起肝脏代谢功能障碍可能导致血脂异常。肠道功能紊乱是脾虚膏脂转输障碍的启动因素,以其介导“炎症-代谢”紊乱为切入点,深入揭示血脂异常疾病发病机制以提高中西医结合防治水平逐渐成为基础和临床研究焦点和热点。从肠源性高密度脂蛋白(high-density lipoprotein 3,HDL3)调控脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)介导Kupffer-肝细胞cross-talk的角度,深入分析脾虚膏脂转输障碍的分子生物学机制,揭示健脾化浊法的效应机制,为临床防治血脂异常提供科学依据。

Exercise and hippocampal neurogenesis: a dogma re-examined and lessons learned

Exercise is a potent force of nature with significant potential for extending longevity and boosting physical fitness. It is also be- ing increasingly used as a prophylactic and curative measure for various physical ailments, such as cardiovascular diseases and diabetes.

Retinal ganglion cell neuroprotection by growth factors and exosomes:lessons from mesenchymal stem cells

Retinal ganglions cells （RGCs） are responsible for propagating electrochemical information from the eye to the brain along their axons which make up the optic nerve. The loss of RGCs is characteristic in several conditions such as glaucoma and trau- matic optic neuropathy and leads to visual loss and blindness. While no therapy exists to directly treat RGCs, the use of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells （BMSCs） has shown promise in eliciting significant RGC neuroprotection.

Impact of host genetics on gut microbiome: Take-home lessons from human and mouse studies

The intestinal microbiome has emerged as an important component involved in various diseases.Therefore,the interest in understanding the factors shaping its composition is growing.The gut microbiome,often defined as a complex trait,contains diverse components and its properties are determined by a combination of external and internal effects.Although much effort has been invested so far,it is still difficult to evaluate the extent to which human genetics shape the composition of the gut microbiota.However,in mouse studies,where the environmental factors are better controlled,the effect of the genetic background was significant.The purpose of this paper is to provide a current assessment of the role of human host genetics in shaping the gut microbiome composition.Despite the inconsistency of the reported results,it can be estimated that the genetic factor affects a portion of the microbiome.However,this effect is currently lower than the initial estimates,and it is difficult to separate the genetic influence from the environmental effect.Additionally,despite the differences between the microbial composition of humans and mice,results from mouse models can strengthen our knowledge of host genetics underlying the human gut microbial variation.

Medical mountain rescue in the Yushu Earthquake: Have lessons been learned?

On April 14,2010,an earthquake reaching Richter scale 7.1 struck Jiegu Town of Yushu,a mountain rescue operation promptly launched. All injurers had a direct assess to take medical care,and were immediately rescued and rapidly evacuated by air to Xining and Golmud at lower altitudes and admitted to advanced hospitals. Almost all of the injurers have been completely recovered. Yushu Earthquake was one of the highest earthquakes in the world,with a high incidence of acute altitude illness,which was observed in about 80 % of the lowland rescuers at an altitude of 4 000 m."Rescue the rescuers"became the major task of Qinghai-Tibetan rescue teams,all the severe patients were rapidly descended to Xining and treated promptly and effectively. The outcome was excellent,all patients survived. After the earthquake,it is a long and arduous task to reconstruct what has been destroyed. Medical teams continue to work in the Yushu Earthquake area because about 30 000 workers and carders are now here for rebuilding the earthquake center. Thus the prevention and treatment of altitude illness are still critical tasks for medical teams. Although all the fights are successful,there are more experiences and lessons we have learned from the medical mountain rescue during the earthquake and the reconstruction,and reports here are to sum up our experiences from the medical mountain rescue operation in Yushu Earthquake and draw the lessons that we should learn. With the increasing of earthquake probability occurring in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,we also should prepare against earthquake disasters and for further rescue training in the high mountains.

Serotonin controls axon and neuronal regeneration in the nervous system:lessons from regenerating animal models

Traumatic brain injury （TBI） is a mechanical injury to brain tissue that leads to an impairment of function and a broad spectrum of symptoms and disabilities; often, it is followed by diffuse axonal injury, which causes denaturation of the white matter and axon retraction, leaving patients with severe brain damage or even in a persistent vegetative state.

Implementation of the Active TB Case Finding in Nigeria;Processes, Lessons Learnt and Recommendations

Introduction: Tuberculosis remains a major public health issue in Nigeria with the country ranking seventh among the 30 high TB burden countries. Nigeria is among the three countries that account for half of the 4.3 million “missing” TB cases globally. One untreated TB case is able to infect about 10 - 20 people annually. Hence, it is pertinent that TB is controlled effectively through the use of active case finding strategies to find the missing TB cases. Objective: This article highlights the best practices and key lessons learnt during the implementation of the active house to house TB case finding strategy in Nigeria. Lessons Learnt and Recommendations: Strategic community engagement, massive awareness creation using mass media and local means of communication, mapping of locations where registered TB cases live, to inform home visits for contact tracing and strengthening of laboratory systems, are viable mechanisms to improve TB case finding. Conclusion: Active TB case finding interventions should be implemented in the context of a strengthened diagnostics system, strategic community engagement and media involvement.

Population-Based Tuberculosis Disease Prevalence Survey in Ghana: The Role and Lessons Learnt from the Laboratory

Background: Bacteriologically-confirmed tuberculosis (TB) cases used in calculating TB prevalence in a country are obtained through laboratory examination of sputum specimens. Objective: This article describes laboratory processing of specimens, results overview, conclusions and key lessons learnt from the perspective of laboratory personnel involved in the conduct of TB disease prevalence survey in Ghana in 2013. Methods: Symptoms screening and Chest X-ray suggestive of TB were used to select participants who produced sputum to confirm TB cases using microscopy, culture and Xpert&reg;MTB/RIF assay (GeneXpert). Results: A total of 15,935 single and paired sputum specimens were received from eligible participants. About half of Ziehl-Nielsen (129/263) and Auramine O (122/246) stained smear positives were scanty positive. Culture positivity rate for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex was 266/14,994 (1.7%) and 100/15,179 (0.7%) in Mycobacterial Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) and Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) media respectively;while non-tuberculous mycobacterium was 294/14,994 (1.96%) and 167/15,179 (1.1%). Total contamination rates in MGIT (5.4%) were higher than in LJ (1.7%). Prevalence of smear positive TB and bacteriologically confirmed TB among adult population (≥15 years) was estimated at 111 (95% CI: 76 - 145) and 356 (95% CI: 288 - 425) per 100,000 population respectively. Conclusions and Lessons Learnt: Direct supervision of specimen collection by well-trained laboratory personnel, timely transportation of specimens from field to laboratory, prompt specimen processing and use of electronic data management systems are essential for a reliable TB disease prevalence survey data. More importantly, strengthening human and logistical capacity of the laboratory must be of utmost priority.

Responding to fire in an intensive care unit: Management and lessons learned

Healthcare institutions are vulnerable to disruptionfrom events such as earthquakes, fires, and floods, andthe damage incurred can endanger the lives of patientsin the hospital.[1] In this type of scenario hospital staffhave primary responsibility for the hospitalized patients＇safety, since patients are neither fit to respond to sucha disaster, nor do they know how to respond.[2,3] Thesituation becomes more difficult and challenging if thedisaster occurs in critical care areas such as intensivecare units （ICUs） and operating rooms.

How physical and motor training affect cognitive performance: lessons from an inflammatory molecule

Our phenotype includes not only physical features,but also behavioral outputs such as motor schemes and learned skills,and is the result of a complex interaction between genetic background and environment.In fact,a good fraction of last decades’biomedical efforts were dedicated to understanding how different elements(e.g.,genetic polymorphisms,lifestyle components)participate in this interplay,ultimately contributing to affect a given phenotype up to the point of steering it towards pathology.Genetic and epigenetic elements are relatively easy to analyze individually using a reductionist approach,for instance via loss-or gain-of-function studies in cellular and animal models;the effects of nutrients,drugs,pollutants can be similarly tested as single specific stimuli.

The COVID-19 Pandemic and Higher Education: Common Interdisciplinary Issues and Lessons Learned

Background: Coronavirus-19 (COVID-19) dramatically impacted institutions of higher education. The effect was acute in the practice disciplines such as medicine, medical laboratory science, and nursing. The purpose is to describe how an interdisciplinary team, led by nursing faculty, adapted to the changes driven by COVID-19 and the lessons that were learned for nursing and other disciplines in higher education. Method: The interdisciplinary group created a comprehensive list which captured the impact of COVID-19 on their academic disciplines. Similarities and differences between the disciplines regarding faculty experiences, teaching, and responding to student concerns were discovered. Results: Collective review resulted in the identification of four inclusive thematic categories and several sub-categories. These were: academic considerations (didactic, lab, clinical), perceptions (faculty, student), ethical considerations, and social determinants affecting the learning environment. Lessons Learned: This project utilized an innovative interdisciplinary approach to identify common COVID-19 effects on higher education. Conclusions: Nursing and other health-related disciplines should pursue interdisciplinary collaboration to address common academic issues that arise during the COVID.