GRU-integrated constrained soft actor-critic learning enabled fully distributed scheduling strategy for residential virtual power plant

In this study,a novel residential virtual power plant(RVPP)scheduling method that leverages a gate recurrent unit(GRU)-integrated deep reinforcement learning(DRL)algorithm is proposed.In the proposed scheme,the GRU-integrated DRL algorithm guides the RVPP to participate effectively in both the day-ahead and real-time markets,lowering the electricity purchase costs and consumption risks for end-users.The Lagrangian relaxation technique is introduced to transform the constrained Markov decision process(CMDP)into an unconstrained optimization problem,which guarantees that the constraints are strictly satisfied without determining the penalty coefficients.Furthermore,to enhance the scalability of the constrained soft actor-critic(CSAC)-based RVPP scheduling approach,a fully distributed scheduling architecture was designed to enable plug-and-play in the residential distributed energy resources(RDER).Case studies performed on the constructed RVPP scenario validated the performance of the proposed methodology in enhancing the responsiveness of the RDER to power tariffs,balancing the supply and demand of the power grid,and ensuring customer comfort.

Analysis of China’s Sports Diplomacy Path from the Perspective of Soft Power

“When a country prospers,sports thrive.”Building a strong sports country is an important connotation of realizing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation and building a moderately prosperous society in all respects.Actively engaging in sports diplomacy from the perspective of soft power can expand a country’s international influence,promote friendly cooperation between nations,and enhance the overall image of the country.This article analyzes the concepts of soft power and sports diplomacy and explores the path of China’s sports diplomacy from four aspects:promoting diverse subjects,expanding propaganda channels,optimizing underlying design,and actively participating in competitions.

Media Sporting Events as Platforms for‘Soft Power’and Digital Activism

Mediatic sporting events are increasingly used in the geopolitical arena to gain consensus, at the same time emerging as platforms for the discussion of social issues, such as human rights and sustainability. This article presents an investigation into the role of mediatic sporting events and digital platforms in sparking political debate and social engagement to bring about change, including discussions on global and local interests and the performances of activist fans to promote debate on specific issues. The investigation employs a quantitative methodology. The initial inductive analysis uses a matrix of cultural key-frames of the empowerment and protest that accompany media sporting events, verifying their presence and effectiveness in different communication milieus. An analysis of the representation of protests on social media was performed through content analysis. The results of the investigation show that mediatic sporting events are to be understood as a diverse range of generators of multiple political effects: from the exercise of power to mass mobilization and media criticism.

Chinese Cultural Soft Power Research:Based on Li Ziqi Case

The purpose of this research is about the soft power of Chinese culture,taking Li Ziqi as a case.Li Ziqi’s videos has been recognized and appreciated by the government for its shaping of China’s national image in the cultural dimension,judging from the attitude of official media such as People’s Daily and CCTV to its reporting.China also explores more possibilities for shaping its national image and presents a more diversified,richer,and wonderful China.With“high-speed rail”,“China C919 Plane”,and other aspects,Li Ziqi is also a manifestation of China’s cultural soft power.

Dynamic software allocation algorithm for saving power in pervasive computing

A novel dynamic software allocation algorithm suitable for pervasive computing environments is proposed to minimize power consumption of mobile devices. Considering the power cost incurred by the computation, communication and migration of software components, a power consumption model of component assignments between a mobile device and a server is set up. Also, the mobility of components and the mobility relationships between components are taken into account in software allocation. By using network flow theory, the optimization problem of power conservation is transformed into the optimal bipartition problem of a flow network which can be partitioned by the max-flow rain-cut algorithm. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can save si^nificantlv more energy than existing algorithms.

System Path of China＇s Cultural Soft Power Construction

论文对中国文化软实力建设的系统路径进行了论述,认为：中国文化软实力建设是宏大的系统工程,既需要党委领导和政府引导,也需要社会各界共同努力,还需要提升文化产业竞争力、培育开发急需人才、建立多元投资体系、完善文化基础设施.

Distributed power control algorithm based on game theory for wireless sensor networks

Energy saving is the most important issue in research and development for wireless sensor networks. A power control mechanism can reduce the power consumption of the whole network. Because the character of wireless sensor networks is restrictive energy, this paper proposes a distributed power control algorithm based on game theory for wireless sensor networks which objects of which are reducing power consumption and decreasing overhead and increasing network lifetime. The game theory and OPNET simulation shows that the power control algorithm converges to a Nash Equilibrium when decisions are updated according to a better response dynamic.

Acoustomechanical constitutive theory for soft materials

Acoustic wave propagation from surrounding medium into a soft material can generate acoustic radiation stress due to acoustic momentum transfer inside the medium and material, as well as at the interface between the two. To analyze acoustic-induced deformation of soft materials, we establish an acoustomechanical constitutive theory by combining the acoustic radiation stress theory and the nonlinear elasticity theory for soft materials. The acoustic radiation stress tensor is formulated by time averaging the momentum equation of particle motion, which is then introduced into the nonlinear elasticity constitutive relation to construct the acoustomechanical constitutive theory for soft materials.Considering a specified case of soft material sheet subjected to two counter-propagating acoustic waves, we demonstrate the nonlinear large deformation of the soft material and analyze the interaction between acoustic waves and material deformation under the conditions of total reflection, acoustic transparency, and acoustic mismatch.

Optimal Power Management for Antagonizing Between Radar and Jamming Based on Continuous Game Theory

To solve the problem of dynamic power resource allocation for cooperative penetration combat,the continuous game theory is introduced and a two-person general-sum continuous-game-based model is put forward with a common payoff function named collaborative detection probability of netted radar countermeasures.Comparing with traditional optimization methods,an obvious advantage of game-based model is an adequate consideration of the opposite potential strategy.This model guarantees a more effective allocation of the both sides′power resource and a higher combat efficiency during a combat.Furthermore,an analysis of the complexity of the proposed model is given and a hierarchical processing method is presented to simplify the calculating process.Simulation results show the validity of the proposed scheme.

Period-doubling bifurcation in two-stage power factor correction converters using the method of incremental harmonic balance and Floquet theory

In this paper, period-doubling bifurcation in a two-stage power factor correction converter is analyzed by using the method of incremental harmonic balance （IHB） and Floquet theory. A two-stage power factor correction converter typically employs a cascade configuration of a pre-regulator boost power factor correction converter with average current mode control to achieve a near unity power factor and a tightly regulated post-regulator DC-DC Buck converter with voltage feedback control to regulate the output voltage. Based on the assumption that the tightly regulated postregulator DC-DC Buck converter is represented as a constant power sink and some other assumptions, the simplified model of the two-stage power factor correction converter is derived and its approximate periodic solution is calculated by the method of IHB. And then, the stability of the system is investigated by using Floquet theory and the stable boundaries are presented on the selected parameter spaces. Finally, some experimental results are given to confirm the effectiveness of the theoretical analysis.

Experimental Study on the Ride Comfort of a Crawler Power Chassis Scale Model Based on the Similitude Theory

The ride comfort experimental assessment of crawler off-road vehicle is relatively overlooked, and is expensive and difficult to execute with higher and higher ride comfort performance requirements. To trade off between precise and cost, an experimental method based on the similitude theory is proposed. Under the guidance of the similitude theory, a 1：5 crawler power chassis scale model equipped with a kind of variable stiffness suspension system is used. The power spectrum density（PSD）, the root mean square（RMS） of weighed acceleration, peak factor, average absorbed power（AAP） and vibration dose value（VDV） are selected as ride comfort evaluation indexes, and tests results are transformed via similarity indexes to predict the performance of full-scale power chassis. PSD shows that the low-order natural frequency of the vertical natural frequency（z axis） is 1.1 Hz, and the RMS, AAP and VDV values indicate the ride comfort performance of this kind of power chassis is between the ＂A little uncomfortable＂ and ＂Rather uncomfortable＂. From the results, low-order vertical natural frequency, obtained by PSD, validates that the similarity relationship between two models is satisfied, and 1：5 scale model used in experiment meets the similarity relationship with the full-scale model; consequently, the ride comfort prophase evaluation with the 1：5 scale model is feasible. The attempt of applying the similitude theory to crawler vehicle ride comfort test study decreases the cost and improves the test feasibility with sufficient test precise.

Large Power Transformer Fault Diagnosis and Prognostic Based on DBNC and D-S Evidence Theory

Power transformer is a core equipment of power system, which undertakes the important functions of power transmission and transformation, and its safe and stable operation has great significance to the normal operation of the whole power system. Due to the complex structure of the transformer, the use of single information for condition-based maintenance (CBM) has certain limitations, with the help of advanced sensor monitoring and information fusion technology, multi-source information is applied to the prognostic and health management (PHM) of power transformer, which is an important way to realize the CBM of power transformer. This paper presents a method which combine deep belief network classifier (DBNC) and D-S evidence theory, and it is applied to the PHM of the large power transformer. The experimental results show that the proposed method has a high correct rate of fault diagnosis for the power transformer with a large number of multi-source data.

Power Control Algorithm of Cognitive Radio Based on Non-Cooperative Game Theory

This paper addresses the power con- trol problems of Cognitive Radio （CR） trader transmission power and interference tempera- ture constraints. First, we propose the interfer- ence constraint which ensures that the Quality of Service （QoS） standards for primary users is considered and a non-cooperative game power control model. Based on the proposed model, we developed a logical utility function based on the Signal-to-Interference-Noise Ratio （S/NR） and a novel algorithm network power control. that is suitable for CR Then, the existence and uniqueness of the Nash Equilibrium （NE） in our utility function are proved by the principle of game theory and the corresponding optimi- zations. Compared to traditional algorithms, the proposed one could converge to an NE in 3-5 iterative operations by setting an appropriate pricing factor. Finally, simulation results ver- ified the stability and superiority of the novel algorithm in flat-fading channel environments.

Predicting of Power Quality Steady State Index Based on Chaotic Theory Using Least Squares Support Vector Machine

An effective power quality prediction for regional power grid can provide valuable references and contribute to the discovering and solving of power quality problems. So a predicting model for power quality steady state index based on chaotic theory and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) is proposed in this paper. At first, the phase space reconstruction of original power quality data is performed to form a new data space containing the attractor. The new data space is used as training samples for the LSSVM. Then in order to predict power quality steady state index accurately, the particle swarm algorithm is adopted to optimize parameters of the LSSVM model. According to the simulation results based on power quality data measured in a certain distribution network, the model applies to several indexes with higher forecasting accuracy and strong practicability.

Improve power quality of coal mine power network based on gray system theory

Unified Power Quality Controller（UPQC） was proposed to comprehensively improve power quality of coal mine power network and its basic structure and operation principle was introduced. In order to overcome time lag of Active Power Filter（APF） in compensating harmonic and reactive current, a novel method based on gray system theory was proposed to predict harmonic current and other distortion component. The mathematical model of component to be compensated was constructed by data sequence of distortion component, which could exactly forecast compensation signal of next period. The optimal control strategy was selected according to the principle of output signal approaching component to be compensated as near as possible. Before predicating each time the oldest data was eliminated while the latest data was added to data sequence. Then new predication model was established once again. The results show that the method can always construct mathematical model with variation of system parameters, reflect the latest state of system and not increase calculation quantity. The feasible and effective control strategy can improve power quality of coal mine power network.

Universal 2D Soft Nano-Scale Mosaic Structure Theory for Polymers and Colloids

A basic concept in chain-particle cluster-motion, from frozen glassy state to melt state, is the 2D soft nano-scale mosaic structure formed by 8 orders of 2D interface excitation (IE) loop-flows, from small to large in inverse cascade and rearrangement structure in cascade along local one direction. IE has additional repulsive energy and extra vacancy volume. IE results from that the instantaneous synchronal polarized electron charge coupling pair is able to parallel transport on the interface between two neighboring chain-particles with antiparallel delocalization. This structure accords with de Gennes’ mosaic structure picture, from which we can directly deduce glass transition temperature, melt temperature, free volume fraction, critical entangled chain length, and activation energy to break solid lattice. This is also the inherency maximum order-potential structure in random systems.

Simulation and reliability analysis of shunt active power filter based on instantaneous reactive power theory

This paper first discusses the operating principle of instantaneous reactive power theory. Then, the theory is introduced into shunt active power filter and its control scheme is studied. Finally, Matlab/Simulink power system toolbox is used to simulate the system. In the simulation model, as the most common harmonic source, 3-phase thyristor bridge rectifier circuit is constructed. The simulation results before and after the shunt active filter was switched to the system corresponding to different firing angles of the thyristors are presented and analyzed, which demonstrate the practicability and reliability of the proposed shunt active filter scheme.

Using Grey Target Theory for Power Quality Evaluation Based on Power Quality Monitoring Data

Smart grid puts forward higher requirements for power quality.Power quality evaluation can provide a decision-making basis for quality improvement.Based on power quality monitoring data,a grey target method is proposed for power quality evaluation.The grey target is composed of power quality evaluation standard and power quality monitoring data to be evaluated.Combining with the characteristics of each power quality evaluation index,the target center of the whole grey target system is found.Then,the power quality monitoring data to be evaluated and the power quality standard mode are compared and analyzed to construct the power quality grey correlation difference information space.Finally,the target center coefficient and target degree of power quality are calculated to realize the comprehensive evaluation of power quality,and the evaluation grade of power quality monitoring data to be evaluated is obtained.Compared with the evaluation results of the existing literature,the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified,which shows that grey target theory is reasonable in the comprehensive evaluation of power quality.

General Properties of Low-frequency Power Losses in Fe-based Nanocrystalline Soft Magnetic Alloys

The dependences of the power loss per cycle on frequency f and amplitude flux density Bm have been investigated for the three main original magnetic states in five sorts of Fe-based nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloys in the ranges of 10 Hz<=f<=1000 Hz and 0.4 T<= Bm <=1.0 T. The total loss P is decomposed into the sum of the hysteresis loss Physt, the classical eddy current loss Pel and the excess loss Pexc. Physt has been found to be proportional to Bm^2 and f. The behavior of Pexc/f vs f being equivalent to P/f vs f clearly exhibits nonlinearity in the range not more than about 120 Hz, whereas the behavior of P/f vs f roughly shows linearity in the range far above 100 Hz and not more than 1000 Hz. In the range up to 1000 Hz, Physt is dominant in the original high permeability state and the state of low residual flux density, whereas Pexc in the state of high residual flux density is dominant in the wider range above about 100 Hz. The framework of the statistical theory of power loss has been used for representing the behavior of Pexc/f vs f. It has been found that the number n of the simultaneously active 'Magnetic Objects' linearly varies as n = n0 + Hexc/H0 as a function of the dynamic field Hexc in the range below about 120 Hz, whereas n approximately follows a law of the form n = n0 + (Hexc/H0)^m with 1 < m < 2 in the range far above 100 Hz and not more than 1000 Hz. The values of the field HO in principle related to the microstructure and the domain structure have been calculated for the three states.

Soft Power in The Merchant's Tale

The essay applies Edmund Burke's theory about the "sublime" and the "beautiful" to the reversal of the dominant and subordinate roles of the husband and the wife in The Merchant's Tale. Burk's concept of "the soft power", expounded as physical and sexual charm and enchantment, enables May successfully manipulates her husband January and the adulterer Damian, beneath her apparent passivity.