Large-scale shaking table test on unlined tunnel in fault zone under threedimensional earthquake

A fault is a geological structure characterized by significant displacement of rock masses along a fault plane within the Earth's crust.The Yunnan Tabaiyi Tunnel intersects multiple fault zones,making tunnel construction in fault-prone areas particularly vulnerable to the effects of fault activity due to the complexities of the surrounding geological environment.To investigate the dynamic response characteristics of tunnel structures under varying surrounding rock conditions,a three-dimensional large-scale shaking table physical model test was conducted.This study also aimed to explore the damage mechanisms associated with the Tabaiyi Tunnel under seismic loading.The results demonstrate that poor quality surrounding rock enhances the seismic response of the tunnel.This effect is primarily attributed to the distribution characteristics of acceleration,dynamic strain,and dynamic soil pressure.A comparison between unidirectional and multi-directional(including vertical)seismic motions reveals that vertical seismic motion has a more significant impact on specific tunnel locations.Specifically,the maximum tensile stress is observed at the arch shoulder,with values ranging from 60 to 100 k Pa.Moreover,NPR(Non-Prestressed Reinforced)anchor cables exhibit a substantial constant resistance effect under low-amplitude seismic waves.However,when the input earthquake amplitude reaches 0.8g,local sliding occurs at the arch shoulder region of the NPR anchor cable.These findings underscore the importance of focusing on seismic mitigation measures in fault zones and reinforcing critical areas,such as the arch shoulders,in practical engineering applications.

Construction and Application of the Multidimensional Table for Knowledge Discovery in Ancient Chinese Books on Materia Medica

Knowledge discovery, as an increasingly adopted information technology in biomedical science, has shown great promise in the field of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). In this paper, we provided a kind of multidimensional table which was well suited for organizing and analyzing the data in ancient Chinese books on Materia Medica. Moreover, we demonstrated its capability of facilitating further mining works in TCM through two illustrative studies of discovering meaningful patterns in the three-dimensional table of Shennong’s Classic of Materia Medica. This work might provide an appropriate data model for the development of knowledge discovery in TCM.

Seismic performance evaluation of water supply pipes installed in a full-scale RC frame structure based on a shaking table test

As an important part of nonstructural components,the seismic response of indoor water supply pipes deserves much attention.This paper presents shaking table test research on water supply pipes installed in a full-scale reinforced concrete(RC)frame structure.Different material pipes and different methods for penetrating the reinforced concrete floors are combined to evaluate the difference in seismic performance.Floor response spectra and pipe acceleration amplification factors based on test data are discussed and compared with code provisions.A seismic fragility study of displacement demand is conducted based on numerical simulation.The acceleration response and displacement response of different combinations are compared.The results show that the combination of different pipe materials and different passing-through methods can cause obvious differences in the seismic response of indoor riser pipes.

Prevalence of Enteric Pathogens Associated with Infections among Table Egg Consumers in Some Primary Health Establishments in the Center Region of Cameroon

Method: In Cameroon limited data are available regarding the prevalence of enteric bacteria associated with table egg consuming infections. As such, a situational-based study was performed in patients with complains of stomach disorders after egg consumption. Data related to sociodemographic characteristics and other factors were collected using a structured based questionnaire. Stool culture of utmost importance in stomach disorders patients and serum were collected for typhoid serological test. Results: A total of 207 participants took part in the survey, Results indicated nontyphoidal Salmonella infections were highest in the 3 areas of study with Mfoundi (73.44%) having the highest level of infection compared to other bacterial infection. other enteric bacteria associated to this infection were E. coli serotype 157, Aeromonas, Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloaca and typhi salmonella. Meanwhile salmonelosis caused by typhic salmonella had highest prevalence in the Lekie Division (13.11%) as a result of poor hygienic practices associated with the conservation and preparation of eggs, Stool culture was observed to detect more positive cases in the diagnosis of typhoid fever than Widal test, but with no statistically significant (p > 0.05) difference between the stool culture and Widal test in the 3 areas of study. Conclusion: this study revealed that egg consumers are pruned to enteric bacterial and salmonella infections depending on how and where egg is consumed.

Accelerated generation of holograms with ultra-low memory symmetrically high-compressed look-up table

Computer-generated holography technology has been widely applied,and as research in this field deepens,the demand for memory and computational power in small AR and VR devices continues to increase.This paper presents a hologram generation method,i.e.,a symmetrically high-compressed look-up table method,which can reduce memory usage by50%.In offline computing,half of the basic horizontal and vertical modulation factors are stored,halving the memory requirements without affecting inline speed.Currently,its potential extends to various holographic applications,including the production of optical diffraction elements.

Effects of water tables and nitrogen application on soil bacterial community diversity, network structure, and function in an alpine wetland, China

Nitrogen deposition and water tables are important factors to control soil microbial community structure.However,the specific effects and mechanisms of nitrogen deposition and water tables coupling on bacterial diversity,abundance,and community structure in arid alpine wetlands remain unclear.The nitrogen deposition(0,10,and 20 kg N/(hm^(2)•a))experiments were conducted in the Bayinbulak alpine wetland with different water tables(perennial flooding,seasonal waterlogging,and perennial drying).The 16S rRNA(ribosomal ribonucleic acid)gene sequencing technology was employed to analyze the changes in bacterial community diversity,network structure,and function in the soil.Results indicated that bacterial diversity was the highest under seasonal waterlogging condition.However,nitrogen deposition only affected the bacterial Chao1 and beta diversity indices under seasonal waterlogging condition.The abundance of bacterial communities under different water tables showed significant differences at the phylum and genus levels.The dominant phylum,Proteobacteria,was sensitive to soil moisture and its abundance decreased with decreasing water tables.Although nitrogen deposition led to changes in bacterial abundance,such changes were small compared with the effects of water tables.Nitrogen deposition with 10 kg N/(hm^(2)•a)decreased bacterial edge number,average path length,and robustness.However,perennial flooding and drying conditions could simply resist environmental changes caused by 20 kg N/(hm^(2)•a)nitrogen deposition and their network structure remain unchanged.The sulfur cycle function was dominant under perennial flooding condition,and carbon and nitrogen cycle functions were dominant under seasonal waterlogging and perennial drying conditions.Nitrogen application increased the potential function of part of nitrogen cycle and decreased the potential function of sulfur cycle in bacterial community.In summary,composition of bacterial community in the arid alpine wetland was determined by water tables,and diversity of bacterial community was inhibited by a lower water table.Effect of nitrogen deposition on bacterial community structure and function depended on water tables.

The Periodic Table of Primes

Over millennia, nobody has been able to predict where prime numbers sprout or how they spread. This study establishes the Periodic Table of Primes (PTP) using four prime numbers 2, 3, 5, and 7. We identify 48 integers out of a period 2×3×5×7=210 to be the roots of all primes as well as composites without factors of 2, 3, 5, and 7. Each prime, twin primes, or composite without factors of 2, 3, 5, and 7 is an offspring of the 48 integers uniquely allocated on the PTP. Three major establishments made in the article are the Formula of Primes, the Periodic Table of Primes, and the Counting Functions of Primes and Twin Primes.

Opinions of Students on the Contribution of the DIVA 3D Virtual Dissection Table to the Teaching of Anatomy at the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako

Objective: Study the contribution of the DIVA 3D dissection table in the teaching of anatomy at the Faculty of Medicine and Odontology of Bamako. Material and Methods: This was a qualitative study carried out from November 1 to December 30, 2023 at the clinical and morphological anatomy laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology of Bamako. Included in this study were students who participated in practical and tutorial sessions. The variables studied during this study were: the previous performance of dissection on a cadaver by the students, the opinion of the students on dissection on a cadaver, the replacement of dissection on a cadaver by virtual dissection in the absence of a body, the level student satisfaction. Results: We surveyed 130 participants. The average age was 22 ± 0.2 years with extremes of 17 and 29 years. 95.3% of participants were students. According to 66.7% of participants, virtual dissection is a good palliative in the absence of a corpse. 95.3% of participants found using the virtual dissection table easy with an average of 7.88 ± 1.4. The overall assessment was well rated by 99.3% of participants. Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the virtual dissection table should be improved by integrating commented videos. The use of the DIVA 3D virtual dissection table during practical and tutorial sessions is well appreciated by the students. We believe that the teaching of anatomy using 3D digital technology should be included in the study programs of the Faculty of Medicine and Odontostomatology.

Improving Video Watermarking through Galois Field GF(2^(4)) Multiplication Tables with Diverse Irreducible Polynomials and Adaptive Techniques

Video watermarking plays a crucial role in protecting intellectual property rights and ensuring content authenticity.This study delves into the integration of Galois Field(GF)multiplication tables,especially GF(2^(4)),and their interaction with distinct irreducible polynomials.The primary aim is to enhance watermarking techniques for achieving imperceptibility,robustness,and efficient execution time.The research employs scene selection and adaptive thresholding techniques to streamline the watermarking process.Scene selection is used strategically to embed watermarks in the most vital frames of the video,while adaptive thresholding methods ensure that the watermarking process adheres to imperceptibility criteria,maintaining the video's visual quality.Concurrently,careful consideration is given to execution time,crucial in real-world scenarios,to balance efficiency and efficacy.The Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio(PSNR)serves as a pivotal metric to gauge the watermark's imperceptibility and video quality.The study explores various irreducible polynomials,navigating the trade-offs between computational efficiency and watermark imperceptibility.In parallel,the study pays careful attention to the execution time,a paramount consideration in real-world scenarios,to strike a balance between efficiency and efficacy.This comprehensive analysis provides valuable insights into the interplay of GF multiplication tables,diverse irreducible polynomials,scene selection,adaptive thresholding,imperceptibility,and execution time.The evaluation of the proposed algorithm's robustness was conducted using PSNR and NC metrics,and it was subjected to assessment under the impact of five distinct attack scenarios.These findings contribute to the development of watermarking strategies that balance imperceptibility,robustness,and processing efficiency,enhancing the field's practicality and effectiveness.

Evaluation of the effects of EPS composite soil replacement on the dynamic performance of caisson structure using shaking table tests

The seismic performance of a caisson structure under two types of models with a saturated sandy foundation(CSS)and an expanded polystyrene(EPS)composite soil foundation(CES)are studied using shaking table tests.The macro phenomena of the two different foundation models are described and analyzed.The effects of the replacement of EPS composite soil on seismic-induced liquefaction of backfill and the dynamic performance of a caisson structure are evaluated in detail.The results show that the excess pore water pressure generation in the CES is significantly slower than that in the CSS during the shaking.The dynamic earth pressure acting on the caisson has a triangular shape.The response of horizontal acceleration,displacement,settlement,and rotation angle of the caisson in the CES is smaller than that in the CSS,which means the caisson in the CES has a better seismic performance.Furthermore,the out-of-phase phenomenon between dynamic earth thrust and inertial force in the CES is more obvious than that in the CSS,which is beneficial to reduce the lateral force and improve the stability of the caisson structure.

Numerical analysis on seismic performance of underground structures in liquefiable interlayer sites from centrifuge shaking table test

When an underground structure passes through a liquefiable soil layer,the soil liquefaction may pose a significant threat to the structure.A centrifuge shaking table test was performed to research the seismic response of underground structures in liquefiable interlayer sites,and a valid numerical model was obtained through simulation model test.Finally,the calibrated numerical model was used to perform further research on the influence of various distribution characteristics of liquefiable interlayers on the seismic reaction of underground structures.The key findings are as follows.The structure faces the most unfavorable condition once a liquefiable layer is located in the middle of the underground structure.When a liquefiable layer exists in the middle of the structure,the seismic reactions of both the underground structure and model site will increase with the rise of the thickness of the liquefiable interlayer.The inter-story drift of the structure in the non-liquefiable site is much smaller than that in the liquefiable interlayer site.The inter-story drift of the structure is not only associated with the site displacement and the soil-structure stiffness ratio but also closely associated with the slippage of the soil-structure contact interface under the condition of large deformation of the site.

A novel control strategy for reproducing the floor motions of high-rise buildings by earthquake-simulating shake tables

To enable the experimental assessment of the seismic performance of full-scale nonstructural elements with multiple engineering parameters(EDPs),a three-layer testbed named Nonstructural Element Simulator on Shake Table(NEST)has been developed.The testbed consists of three consecutive floors of steel structure.The bottom two floors provide a space to accommodate a full-scale room.To fully explore the flexibility of NEST,we propose a novel control strategy to generate the required shake table input time histories for the testbed to track the target floor motions of the buildings of interest with high accuracy.The control strategy contains two parts:an inverse dynamic compensation via simulation of feedback control systems(IDCS)algorithm and an offline iteration procedure based on a refined nonlinear numerical model of the testbed.The key aspects of the control strategy were introduced in this paper.Experimental tests were conducted to simulate the seismic responses of a full-scale office room on the 21^(st)floor of a 42-story high-rise building.The test results show that the proposed control strategy can reproduce the target floor motions of the building of interest with less than 20%errors within the specified frequency range.

Pre-training transformer with dual-branch context content module for table detection in document images

Background Document images such as statistical reports and scientific journals are widely used in information technology.Accurate detection of table areas in document images is an essential prerequisite for tasks such as information extraction.However,because of the diversity in the shapes and sizes of tables,existing table detection methods adapted from general object detection algorithms,have not yet achieved satisfactory results.Incorrect detection results might lead to the loss of critical information.Methods Therefore,we propose a novel end-to-end trainable deep network combined with a self-supervised pretraining transformer for feature extraction to minimize incorrect detections.To better deal with table areas of different shapes and sizes,we added a dualbranch context content attention module(DCCAM)to high-dimensional features to extract context content information,thereby enhancing the network's ability to learn shape features.For feature fusion at different scales,we replaced the original 3×3 convolution with a multilayer residual module,which contains enhanced gradient flow information to improve the feature representation and extraction capability.Results We evaluated our method on public document datasets and compared it with previous methods,which achieved state-of-the-art results in terms of evaluation metrics such as recall and F1-score.https://github.com/Yong Z-Lee/TD-DCCAM.

Impact of water table on hierarchically nested groundwater flow system

Water table configuration gives rise to hierarchically nested groundwater flow systems.However,there remains a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding the controlling factors of water table and its impact on flow systems.Moreover,it remains challenging to identify characteristics of water table space variation through limited groundwater observations at the regional scale.Based on two ideal two-dimensional cross-section analytical models,this study presents a simplified approach to preliminarily assess the nonlinear interactions between water table variation and three driving factors:Topography,geol-ogy and climate.Two criteria,C1 and C2,are utilized to address issues at different scales ranging from basin to local:(i)the influence of various factors on water table configuration;and(ii)the influence of water table on groundwater flow pattern.Then,the Ordos Plateau is taken as an example to explore the role of the water table in nested groundwater systems using the provided approach and criterion.The applica-tion of this approach in the Ordos Plateau demonstrates its appropriateness as a practical method for prelim-inarily determining the characteristics of water table configuration and its impact on flow systems.The study explores the mechanism influencing spatial variation in the water table and improves understanding of the interaction between topography,geology,and climate on groundwater flow patterns.

Other Cities’Distribution Institutions for Publishing Books in Modern Chinese Libraries:Taking Huating Bookstore,the Shanghai General Distribution Office of Modern Zhejiang Library,as an Example

Many modern Chinese libraries have established distribution agencies in other cities to distribute books published or sold on consignment.Huating Bookstore,which was once the Shanghai General Distribution Office of Zhejiang Library in modern times,is one of them.On the basis of a brief description of modern Zhejiang Library and its book publishing,as well as the overview of Huating Bookstore,the paper introduces and analyzes the ZPL Publishing Book Catalogue sent by Huating Bookstore,and the ZPL publishing and selling consignment books issued by Huating Bookstore.It points out that Huating Bookstore is a bridge between the ZPL located in Hangzhou and various retail ZPL publishing bookstores in Shanghai.Their production and sales relationship is a mutually beneficial one.

BOOKS

SNAPSHOTS OF NOTABLE BOOKS ON AFRICA.Africa’s Fashion Diaspora By ELIZABETH WAY Yale University Press.The author,Elizabeth Way,associate curator of costume at The Museum at the Fashion Institute of Technology,is the curator behind Africa’s Fashion Diaspora(2024).She has also curated several prominent exhibitions.Africa’s Fashion Diaspora is among the first books to delve into the vast influence of the African Diaspora on global fashion.

New Books

Travel in Northern Xizang(Revised Edition of 2024)Author:Ma Lihua.This book is one of the series of books about Ma Lihua's trip to Xizang.It describes the nomadic culture,festivals and daily life of local people,and the vast and magnificent scenery in northern Xizang.Published by China Tibetology Publishing House(ISBN:9787521105094).

Management and Construction of University Books and Materials Under the Background of the Internet

The rapid development and popularization of Internet technology has provided important support for the informatization reform of various industries.University books and materials have the characteristics of large quantities and difficult storage and management.Its digital storage and management platform construction can effectively realize the digital storage and real-time retrieval of books and materials,and help students and teachers to find and use books and materials more quickly.Especially in recent years,with the update of intelligent platforms and other technologies,the resource-sharing platform of university books and materials can realize more convenient book information retrieval without the limitation of time and space.This paper mainly explores the optimization path and platform construction scheme of university libraries and information management under the background of the Internet,hoping to provide some theoretical references for university library managers.

Research on Creation Strategies of Picture Books for Children’s Cognitive and Imaginative Development

This paper discusses the creation strategies of picture books for children’s cognitive and imaginative development,and proposes that picture book creation should closely focus on the needs of children’s cognitive and imaginative development.Through analysis,this paper summarizes the effective strategies in the creation of picture books,aiming to provide theoretical reference and practical guidance for the design of children’s picture books,and further promote the comprehensive development of children’s cognitive and imaginative abilities.

Analyzing Engaging Imagery of Hina Baek’s Picture Books

Children’s picture books are exceptionally unique and essential in the whole illustration art, as they are created for children, mainly with pictures and a small amount of text explanation. Picture language is more intuitive than text symbols, more in line with the characteristics of children’s thinking, and can stimulate children’s interest in reading. Hina Baek is a famous picture book writer in Korea. Her unique picture book visual style is represented through hand-crafted miniature figures, carefully designed lighting, and photography. This study utilizes how to create engaging imagery from the book How to Be a Children’s Book Illustrator to analyze Baek’s picture books. From this preliminary study, the research proposes revising the analysis method to further investigate the characteristics of children’s picture books from the background elements and picture elements.