Kiwifruit canker and brown spot are significant diseases affecting kiwis,caused by Pseudomonas syringae patho-genic variations(Pseudomonas syringae pv.Actinidiae(Psa))and Corynesporapolytica(Corynespora cassiicola).At ...Kiwifruit canker and brown spot are significant diseases affecting kiwis,caused by Pseudomonas syringae patho-genic variations(Pseudomonas syringae pv.Actinidiae(Psa))and Corynesporapolytica(Corynespora cassiicola).At present,the research on canker disease and brown spot disease mainly focuses on the isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria,drug control,resistance gene mining and functional verification.Practice has proved that breeding disease resistant varieties are an effective method to control canker disease and brown spot disease.However,most existing cultivars lack genes for canker and brown spot resistance.Wild kiwifruit resources in nat-ure exhibit extensive genetic diversity due to prolonged natural selection,containing numerous resistance genes.But,due to insufficient understanding of the resistance of most kiwifruit varieties(lines)to canker disease and brown spot disease,some high-quality resources have not been fully utilized.The incidence of canker and brown spot of 18 kiwifruit cultivars(lines)was measured by inoculating isolated branches and leaves,and their resistance to canker and brown spot was analyzed according to the length,disease index,mean diameter,and systematic clustering.The results were as follows:Among 18 different kiwifruit varieties(lines)for canker disease,there were two highly resistant materials,eight disease-resistant materials,four disease-susceptible materials,and two highly susceptible materials.Moreover,regarding brown spot disease,there were one highly resistant material,five dis-ease-resistant materials,four susceptible materials,and three highly susceptible materials.Furthermore,four resources were resistant to both diseases.The outcomes provided a theoretical basis for breeding kiwifruit against canker and brown spot.展开更多
N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)RNA modification is a conserved mechanism that regulates the fate of RNA across eukaryotic organisms.Despite its significance,a comprehensive analysis of m^(6)A-related genes in non-model pla...N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)RNA modification is a conserved mechanism that regulates the fate of RNA across eukaryotic organisms.Despite its significance,a comprehensive analysis of m^(6)A-related genes in non-model plants,such as kiwifruit,is lacking.Here,we identified 36 m^(6)A-related genes in the kiwifruit genome according to homology and phylogenetic inference.We performed bioinformatics and evolutionary analyses of the writer,eraser,and reader families of m^(6)A modification.Reanalysis of public RNA-seq data collected from samples under various biotic and abiotic stresses indicated that most m^(6)A-related genes were remarkably expressed under different conditions.Through construction of gene co-expression networks,we found significant correlations between several m^(6)A-related genes and transcription factors(TFs)as well as receptor-like genes during the development and ripening of kiwifruit.Furthermore,we performed ATAC-seq assays on diverse kiwifruit tissues to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of m^(6)A-related genes.We identified 10 common open chromatin regions that were present in at least two tissues,and these regions might serve as potential binding sites for MADS protein,C2H2 protein,and other predicted TFs.Our study offers comprehensive insights into the gene family of m^(6)A-related components in kiwifruit,which will lay foundation for exploring mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation involved in development and adaptation of kiwifruit.展开更多
Objective: Gastrointestinal (GI) discomfort is experienced by millions of people every day. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of PhenActiv<sup>TM</sup>, a novel green kiwifruit extract, on gastrointe...Objective: Gastrointestinal (GI) discomfort is experienced by millions of people every day. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of PhenActiv<sup>TM</sup>, a novel green kiwifruit extract, on gastrointestinal tract (GIT) function in otherwise healthy adults. Methods: 41 healthy adults with mild GI discomfort were enrolled in this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Participants were randomized to either take 3.0 g/day of PhenActiv<sup>TM</sup> or a placebo for 6 weeks. Interviews were conducted at baseline, week 3 and week 6, with participants completing questionnaires regarding GI symptoms. Frequency of bowel movements was self-recorded daily. Results: There were no differences in daily and weekly defecation frequency and stool characteristics in either group. The active and placebo groups significantly improve GSRS scores (p , only the active group had a significant improvement in the IBSSS and PAC-QOL scores (p < 0.05) from baseline. Neither group had changes in sleep quality, quality of life and fatigue, plasma zonulin concentrations or macular pigment optical density scores. The product was well tolerated with no GI disturbances or adverse events being reported. Conclusion: Supplementation of 3.0 g/day of PhenActiv<sup>TM</sup> for 6 weeks did not improve defecation frequency or stool composition in healthy adults, but did improve perceived symptoms of GIT function, including symptoms of functional GIT disorders, IBS and constipation. The product was well tolerated and future trials investigating higher doses with more participants and/or a different population would be beneficial.展开更多
[Objectives]The paper was to investigate and identify the fungal diseases of wild and red heart kiwifruit in Qiandongnan Prefecture.[Methods]The pathogenic fungi were isolated from diseased leaves and fruits of wild a...[Objectives]The paper was to investigate and identify the fungal diseases of wild and red heart kiwifruit in Qiandongnan Prefecture.[Methods]The pathogenic fungi were isolated from diseased leaves and fruits of wild and red heart kiwifruit by tissue separation method.DNA sequencing was carried out by using the sequence analysis of ribosomal r DNA-ITS region,and molecular evolutionary trees were built by using MEGA 4.0 software.Finally,the pathogenic fungi were classified and identified by combining morphological observation.[Results]The main fungal diseases were anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on wild kiwifruit,fruit anthracnose caused by C.acutatum on red heart kiwifruit,leaf soft rot caused by Fusarium incarnatum on red heart kiwifruit,and brown spot caused by Alternaria alternata on red heart kiwifruit.[Conclusions]The study may provide some theoretical basis for the control of kiwifruit diseases in Qiandongnan Prefecture.展开更多
为探究陕西眉县所产猕猴桃中矿物质含量及评价其相关营养价值。利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法对陕西眉县主产的徐香、翠香、红心、黄心四个品种猕猴桃中9种矿物质含量进行测定,并采用营养质量指数法(Index of nutritional qu...为探究陕西眉县所产猕猴桃中矿物质含量及评价其相关营养价值。利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法对陕西眉县主产的徐香、翠香、红心、黄心四个品种猕猴桃中9种矿物质含量进行测定,并采用营养质量指数法(Index of nutritional quality,INQ)对矿物质元素进行营养评价,同时应用SPSS软件对9种矿物质和能量进行相关性分析。陕西眉县四个品种猕猴桃矿物质均以钾、磷、钙、镁四种元素为主,约占总矿物质的99.8%,四个品种中INQ均大于1的矿物质有钙、钾、镁、铜,其中钾的INQ最高在3.89~5.19。矿物总量最高的品种为翠香328 mg/100g,但营养质量指数最高的为徐香16.78(INQ_(总))。通过相关性分析表明各元素间存在着不同程度的相关性,其中钾与能量的相关系数最高为0.982。猕猴桃是一种高钾低钠的优质食品,不同品种猕猴桃矿物质元素的营养价值差异明显,矿物质营养密度最高的为翠香,其次为红心、黄心、徐香,但从营养价值指数方面来看,徐香最高,翠香次之,红心和黄心猕猴桃矿物营养水平稍逊。展开更多
基金supported by the following grants:Science and Technology Support Plan of Guizhou Province:Breeding Research and Demonstration of all-Red Bud Transformation of“GH-1”Clone of“Hong yang”Kiwifruit(Guizhou Family Combination Support[2021]General 234)the National Key Research and Development Program“Quality and Efficiency Improvement Technology Integration and Demonstration of Advantageous Characteristic Industries in Guizhou Karst Mountain Area(2021YFD1100300)”Post-Subsidy FundTask 3 of National Key Research and Development Program,Green Prevention and Control Technology Integration and Demonstration of Main Diseases and Insect Pests of Kiwifruit in Shuicheng City,China(2022YFD1601710-3).
文摘Kiwifruit canker and brown spot are significant diseases affecting kiwis,caused by Pseudomonas syringae patho-genic variations(Pseudomonas syringae pv.Actinidiae(Psa))and Corynesporapolytica(Corynespora cassiicola).At present,the research on canker disease and brown spot disease mainly focuses on the isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria,drug control,resistance gene mining and functional verification.Practice has proved that breeding disease resistant varieties are an effective method to control canker disease and brown spot disease.However,most existing cultivars lack genes for canker and brown spot resistance.Wild kiwifruit resources in nat-ure exhibit extensive genetic diversity due to prolonged natural selection,containing numerous resistance genes.But,due to insufficient understanding of the resistance of most kiwifruit varieties(lines)to canker disease and brown spot disease,some high-quality resources have not been fully utilized.The incidence of canker and brown spot of 18 kiwifruit cultivars(lines)was measured by inoculating isolated branches and leaves,and their resistance to canker and brown spot was analyzed according to the length,disease index,mean diameter,and systematic clustering.The results were as follows:Among 18 different kiwifruit varieties(lines)for canker disease,there were two highly resistant materials,eight disease-resistant materials,four disease-susceptible materials,and two highly susceptible materials.Moreover,regarding brown spot disease,there were one highly resistant material,five dis-ease-resistant materials,four susceptible materials,and three highly susceptible materials.Furthermore,four resources were resistant to both diseases.The outcomes provided a theoretical basis for breeding kiwifruit against canker and brown spot.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang province(Grant Nos.LQ23C150003,LR23C150001)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.32102318)NSFC Excellent Young Scientists Fund.
文摘N6-methyladenosine(m^(6)A)RNA modification is a conserved mechanism that regulates the fate of RNA across eukaryotic organisms.Despite its significance,a comprehensive analysis of m^(6)A-related genes in non-model plants,such as kiwifruit,is lacking.Here,we identified 36 m^(6)A-related genes in the kiwifruit genome according to homology and phylogenetic inference.We performed bioinformatics and evolutionary analyses of the writer,eraser,and reader families of m^(6)A modification.Reanalysis of public RNA-seq data collected from samples under various biotic and abiotic stresses indicated that most m^(6)A-related genes were remarkably expressed under different conditions.Through construction of gene co-expression networks,we found significant correlations between several m^(6)A-related genes and transcription factors(TFs)as well as receptor-like genes during the development and ripening of kiwifruit.Furthermore,we performed ATAC-seq assays on diverse kiwifruit tissues to investigate the regulatory mechanisms of m^(6)A-related genes.We identified 10 common open chromatin regions that were present in at least two tissues,and these regions might serve as potential binding sites for MADS protein,C2H2 protein,and other predicted TFs.Our study offers comprehensive insights into the gene family of m^(6)A-related components in kiwifruit,which will lay foundation for exploring mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation involved in development and adaptation of kiwifruit.
文摘Objective: Gastrointestinal (GI) discomfort is experienced by millions of people every day. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of PhenActiv<sup>TM</sup>, a novel green kiwifruit extract, on gastrointestinal tract (GIT) function in otherwise healthy adults. Methods: 41 healthy adults with mild GI discomfort were enrolled in this double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Participants were randomized to either take 3.0 g/day of PhenActiv<sup>TM</sup> or a placebo for 6 weeks. Interviews were conducted at baseline, week 3 and week 6, with participants completing questionnaires regarding GI symptoms. Frequency of bowel movements was self-recorded daily. Results: There were no differences in daily and weekly defecation frequency and stool characteristics in either group. The active and placebo groups significantly improve GSRS scores (p , only the active group had a significant improvement in the IBSSS and PAC-QOL scores (p < 0.05) from baseline. Neither group had changes in sleep quality, quality of life and fatigue, plasma zonulin concentrations or macular pigment optical density scores. The product was well tolerated with no GI disturbances or adverse events being reported. Conclusion: Supplementation of 3.0 g/day of PhenActiv<sup>TM</sup> for 6 weeks did not improve defecation frequency or stool composition in healthy adults, but did improve perceived symptoms of GIT function, including symptoms of functional GIT disorders, IBS and constipation. The product was well tolerated and future trials investigating higher doses with more participants and/or a different population would be beneficial.
基金Supported by Identification and Control Analysis of Diseases and Insect Pests of Kiwifruit in Qiandongnan Prefecture(QKH H[2017]7178)Guizhou Key Laboratory of Qiandongnan Ethnic Characteristic Food Research and Development(QJH KY[2017]011)Talent Team Project of Guizhou Department of Education(QJHRCTD[2015]70)。
文摘[Objectives]The paper was to investigate and identify the fungal diseases of wild and red heart kiwifruit in Qiandongnan Prefecture.[Methods]The pathogenic fungi were isolated from diseased leaves and fruits of wild and red heart kiwifruit by tissue separation method.DNA sequencing was carried out by using the sequence analysis of ribosomal r DNA-ITS region,and molecular evolutionary trees were built by using MEGA 4.0 software.Finally,the pathogenic fungi were classified and identified by combining morphological observation.[Results]The main fungal diseases were anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on wild kiwifruit,fruit anthracnose caused by C.acutatum on red heart kiwifruit,leaf soft rot caused by Fusarium incarnatum on red heart kiwifruit,and brown spot caused by Alternaria alternata on red heart kiwifruit.[Conclusions]The study may provide some theoretical basis for the control of kiwifruit diseases in Qiandongnan Prefecture.
文摘为探究陕西眉县所产猕猴桃中矿物质含量及评价其相关营养价值。利用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-OES)法对陕西眉县主产的徐香、翠香、红心、黄心四个品种猕猴桃中9种矿物质含量进行测定,并采用营养质量指数法(Index of nutritional quality,INQ)对矿物质元素进行营养评价,同时应用SPSS软件对9种矿物质和能量进行相关性分析。陕西眉县四个品种猕猴桃矿物质均以钾、磷、钙、镁四种元素为主,约占总矿物质的99.8%,四个品种中INQ均大于1的矿物质有钙、钾、镁、铜,其中钾的INQ最高在3.89~5.19。矿物总量最高的品种为翠香328 mg/100g,但营养质量指数最高的为徐香16.78(INQ_(总))。通过相关性分析表明各元素间存在着不同程度的相关性,其中钾与能量的相关系数最高为0.982。猕猴桃是一种高钾低钠的优质食品,不同品种猕猴桃矿物质元素的营养价值差异明显,矿物质营养密度最高的为翠香,其次为红心、黄心、徐香,但从营养价值指数方面来看,徐香最高,翠香次之,红心和黄心猕猴桃矿物营养水平稍逊。